Objective To evaluate the semen quality of potential semen donors of college students and investigate their reproductive health status. Methods According to the screening procedure in the Basic Standard and the Technical Norms of Human Sperm Bank revised by Chinese Ministry of Health in 2003,all sperm samples of 355 potential donors were examined. Results 37 of 355 donors sperm(10.4%) were qualified to the normal standard revised by Chinese Ministry of Health;and the rest(89.6%) were abandoned,because the sperm numbers of 267 donors were not reached the identified semen standard of the human sperm bank in the first screen,26 donors(7.4%)were with abnormal health status,4 donors did not ejaculate and got samples,9 donors with normal semen quality did not take physical health examination,the normal shape percentage of 6 donors sperm was lower than 30% and the thawed revival percentage with(a+b) grade of 6 donors was lower than 60%.135 of 355 donors(38.0%) sperm quality were qualified to the male productive standard of WHO. Conclusion The results indicated that the sperm quality of undergraduate declines and the society should pay more attention to the reproductive health of college students.

Objective: To explore the value of body measurement indicators in screening for metabolic syndrome (MS), so as to provide the basis for early detection and prevention of MS. Methods: The individuals who were 18 years old or above and underwent physical examinations at a tertiary hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were selected using the convenience sampling method. Demographic information, lifestyle, waist circumference (WC) and blood biochemical indicators were collected through questionnaire surveys, physical examinations and laboratory tests. The associations of WC, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body roundness index (BRI), abdominal volume index (AVI), lipid accumulation product (LAP) and visceral adiposity index (VAI) with MS were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. The screening values of these body measurement indicators for MS were assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: A total of 37 921 individuals were recruited, including 20 666 males (54.50%) and 17 255 females (45.50%), and had a median age of 41.00 (interquartile range, 20.00) years. There were 7 988 cases of MS, with a detection rate of 21.06%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that WC, WHR, LAP and VAI were statistically associated with MS (all P<0.05), and the risk of MS increased with the levels of these indicators (all Ptrend<0.05), after adjusting for confounding factors (gender, age, lifestyle, etc.). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of LAP for screening MS was the highest among single indicators, at 0.930 (95%CI: 0.927-0.933), and the optimal cut-off value was 43.13, Youden's index was 0.720, the sensitivity was 88.01%, and the specificity was 84.04%. The combined indicators of WC×VAI for screening MS had the highest AUC, which was 0.937 (95%CI: 0.935-0.939), and the optimal cut-off value was 0.17, Youden's index was 0.730, the sensitivity was 91.88%, and the specificity was 81.07%. The DeLong test showed that the AUC of WC×VAI for screening MS was higher than that of WC, WHR, LAP and VAI, respectively (all P<0.05). Conclusion The value of combining WC and VAI for screening MS is higher than other body measurement indicators.

Objective:To study the preventive and health effects of Ampelopsis grossedentata on hyperlipidemia. Method:Thirty Wistar rats were divided into three groups:control group, model group and test group. The control group was fed normal diet, while the model and test groups were fed high fat diet.The control and model group were given water while the test group was given water with 20% Ampelopsis grossedentata for 15 w. Serum lipids, hemorrheological indices, myocardial enzymes and IL-6 were measured. Results: At the end of experiment, serum TC, TG, LDL-C, and apoB/apoA, serum and myocardial MDA, myocardial enzymes activities, hemorrheological indices and serum IL-6 were obviously higher in model group while the activities of serum and myocardial SOD and GSH-Px were lower. In test group. serum TC, TG and apoB/apoA levels, serum and myocardial MDA, myocardial enzymes activities, hemorrheological indices, and serum IL-6 were significantly lower than those in model group, but HDL-C, SOD and GSH-Px activities higher. Conclusion:Ampelopsis grossedentata could significantly decrease blood lipids and hemorrheological indices of rats fed with high fat diet, and protect myocardial cells fromoxidation, and as a result to prevent hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular disease.

Objective To explore the effect of shengmai injection (a Chinese herb preparation made from radix astragali and radix rehmanniae) on restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and hemodynamics in the early stage of resuscitation (CPR) in animal models of cardiac arrest, providing adjuvant support to stabilize the circulation for the facilitation of follow-up study in the resuscitated animal. Method A total of 30 rabbits were randomly(random number) divided into two groups, shengmai group and saline group, ( n = 15 in each group).Asphyxia method was used to establish animal models of cardiac arrest. In the shengmai group, 2 mL/kg shengmai injection was given immediately just after initiation of CPR and the same dose of shengmai injectio was given once again 10 minutes after ROSC. In the saline group, saline was administered in the same volume and at the same given time instead of shengmai injectio. The duration of cardiac arrest of rabbits, and the lengths of time consumed for ROSC and for resume of spontaneous respiration after CPR as well as the rate of ROSC obtained and 6-hours survival rate after CPR were documented. The changes of hemodynamics including LVSP, + dp/dtmax,- dp/dtmax, LVEDP were recorded before asphyxia,just after the emergence of ROSC and 30 min,60 min, and 120 min after ROSC. Results There were no significant differences in duration of cardiac arrest, length of time consumed for the resume of spontaneous respiration, rate of ROSC obtained and 6-hours survival rate between two groups (P ＞ 0.05), but the ROSC emerged sooner in shengmai group. The LVSP, + dp/dtmax and- dp/dtmaxsignificantly lower 30 min, 60 min and 120 min after ROSC then those before asphyxia in both groups, but LVEDP increased after ROSC (P ＜0.05). At the corresponding intervals after ROSC, the values of LVSP, + dp/dtmaxand - dp/dtmax in the shengmai group were higher than those in the saline group, and the values of LVEDP in the shengmai group were lower than those in the saline group ( P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusions Shengmai injectio used in rabbits with cardiac arrest can shorten the time consumed for ROSC after CPR, improve cardiac diastolic and systolic function after R OSC, stabilizing the hemodynamics after resuscitation.

Objective To explore the effect of decoction of four-drug juice plus glutamine on nutritional support in the elderly critically ill patients. Methods One hundred and twenty-four elderly critical ill patients in The First Hospital of Jilin University from May 2010 to May 2012 were randomly divided into treatment group(n = 62)and control group(n = 62). Patients in both two groups were given enteral nutrition(EN)plus parenteral nutrition(PN)after the hemodynamics became stable. In addition,patients in control group were given routine EN + PN,while in treatment group was given decoction o four-drug juice + EN plus glutamine + PN. Prealbumin (PA),serum total protein( TP),transferrin( TF)and serum albumin( ALB)were detected before and after treatment of nutritional support. The informations including recovery of bowel sounds,the occurrence of complications,antibiotic use time and the duration of ICU stay were recorded. Results There were no significant differences between two groups in terms of nutrition indices before treatment(P > 0. 05). After treatment,the contents of pre albumin,transferrin,total serum protein,serum albumin in treatment group were( 145. 24 ± 6. 72)g/ L,(1. 93 ± 0. 98)g/ L,(79. 86 ± 10. 38)g/ L,(54. 91 ± 2. 91)g/ L respectively,better than those in control groups((139. 24 ± 38. 76),(1. 68 ± 0. 33),(74. 73 ± 7. 31),(49. 87 ± 2. 61)g/ L),and the differences were statistically significant( t = 3. 610,2. 929,4. 360,6. 767;P < 0. 05). The incidence of stress ulcer and double infection in treatment group were 42%(26 / 62),37%(23 / 62),significantly lower than the control group(59%(37 / 62),53%(33 / 62)),and the differences were statistically significant( χ2 = 5. 186, 5. 271,P < 0. 05). Antibiotic use time and the duration of ICU stay in treatment group were(8. 82 ± 0. 71)d and(16. 14 ± 3. 01)d,and reaching full eternal nutrition time was(6. 90 ± 1. 01)d,decreased less than that in control group((10. 21 ± 1. 30),(20. 67 ± 2. 29),(13. 91 ± 1. 51)d)and the differences were statistically significant(t = 8. 892,7. 786,3. 609,P < 0. 05). The average recovery time of bowel sounds and first anal exhaust time average in treatment group were(26. 8 ± 3. 6)h,(25. 4 ± 3. 2)h,lower than that in control group ((38. 4 ± 4. 8)h,(37. 6 ± 4. 9)h)and the differences were statistically significant( t = 3. 551,2. 516,P< 0. 05). Conclusion The application of decoction of four-drug juice plus glutamine on nutritional support of the elderly critically ill patients can reduce complications,shorten the duration of ICU,recover the intestinal function as soon as possible. Meanwhile,patients can transit to full eternal nutrition as soon as possible,then the cost of therapy is reduced and rehabilitation is quickly.

Objective To observe the effect of Shengmai Injection (a Chinese herbal medicine preparation) on the serum levels of TNF-α used as indicators of organ function in post cardiopulmonary resuscitation rabbits.Methods Rabbit cardiac arrest model was made with asphyxia by clamping the trachea of rabbit.A total of 30 rabbits were randomly (random number) divided into two groups,namely the normal saline group (n =15) and the Shengmai injection group (n =15).Rabbits in Shengmai injection group were injected with 2 ml/kg Shengmai Injection immediately at the beginning of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR),and the same dose of Shengmai injection given 10 min after CPR.Rabbits in saline group were injected with the same volume of physiological saline instead at the same intervals as previous group.The rate of restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival rates at 6,12,24 and 48 h after ROSC were observed.The serum levels of TNF-α were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Biochemical methods were used to detect myocardial MB-isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),creatinine (Cr),glucose (Glu) and arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) before resuscitation and 12,24 and 48 h after ROSC simultaneously in the two groups.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the ROSC rate and survival rate after resuscitation between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Before asphyxia,there was no significant difference in the level of TNF-α found between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05),but at 12,24 and 48 h after ROSC,the levels of TNF-α in Shengmai group were much lower than those in Saline group (P ＜ 0.05).At 24 h after ROSC,the levels of serum CK-MB,ALT,and Cr in Shengmai group were much lower than those in Saline group (P ＜0.05).Furthermore,at 48 h after ROSC,the levels of CK-MB and ALT in Shengmai group were still lower than those in Saline group (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference in the level of Cr between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).There was also no significant difference in the blood glucose and arterial partial pressure of oxygen between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Shengmai Injection has significant inhibiting effect on the serum level of TNF-α in post cardiopulmonary resuscitation rabbits,and it also has more or less some degrees of protective effect on organ function of heart,liver and kidney in rabbits after ROSC.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relevant factors influencing the incidence and mortality of post cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS), and to provide the basis of improvement of resuscitation rate.Methods A single center retrospective study of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) according to Utstein model was conducted. A clinical case report form was designed to collect clinical data. The clinical data of patients whose spontaneous circulation was restored (ROSC)> 24 hours in intensive care unit (ICU) of the First Hospital of Jilin University from January 2008 to June 2014 were collected and analyzed. The relevant risk factors of the incidence and mortality rate of PCAS were screened and analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results① Successful CPR was achieved in 93 patients, of whom 83 patients were shown to have systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and 75 patients suffered from PCAS (80.65%). Among them 49 died, and 18 patients who did not suffer from PCAS survived.② The age, gender, history of previous chronic disease, site of occurrence of cardiac arrest, type of rhythm when cardiac arrest occurred, and dosage of adrenaline showed no significant influence on the incidence of PCAS. The incidence of PCAS was elevated when defibrillation was done more than 3 times (χ2= 10.806,P= 0.001), SIRS occurred after ROSC (χ2= 46.687,P< 0.001), interval between collapse and first defibrillation over 5 minutes (χ2 = 6.429,P = 0.011), interval between collapse and CPR longer than 5 minutes (χ2 = 4.638,P = 0.031), interval between collapse and administration of first resuscitation medication> 5 minutes (χ2 = 4.190,P = 0.041), and ROSC time was longer than 10 minutes (χ2 = 20.042,P< 0.001). Bivariate correlation showed that interval between collapse and CPR, interval between collapse and administration of first resuscitation medications, and ROSC time were all correlated (r1 = 0.677,r2 = 0.481,r3 = 0.617, allP< 0.001).③ There were no significant relations between the prognosis of PCAS patients and times of defibrillation, the amount of adrenaline used, and interval between collapse and first defibrillation. The mortality rate of PCAS was relatively elevated when interval between collapse and CRP was longer than 5 minutes (χ2 = 10.792,P = 0.001), interval between collapse and administration of first resuscitation medications was longer than 5 minutes (χ2 = 13.841,P< 0.001), ROSC time> 10 minutes (χ2 = 36.451,P< 0.001), the number of dysfunction organ≥ 4 (χ2 = 28.287,P< 0.001), arterial blood lactate levels> 2 mmol/L (χ2 = 28.926, P< 0.001), and acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ (APACHEⅡ) score> 15 (χ2 = 33.558,P< 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors affecting the prognosis were ROSC time [odds ratio (OR) after adjustment = 36.643, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 2.382-563.767,P = 0.010], the number of organs with dysfunction (OR = 9.010, 95%CI = 1.140-71.199,P = 0.037), and APACHEⅡ score (OR = 10.001, 95%CI =1.336-74.893,P = 0.025).Conclusions ROSC time, the number of organs with dysfunction, and APACHEⅡ score were independent predictors of PCAS prognosis. Efforts should be given to shorten the rescue time, to shorten the time for restoring the spontaneous circulation, to prevent and treat SIRS after ROSC, and to protect the function of organs, in order to improve the prognosis of patients with PCAS.

Objective To review the clinical features,etiology and differential diagnosis of hypopituitarism.Methods The clinical data of 260 patients with hypopituitarism admitted to our hospital during 2007 to 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.Results In 260 patients 96 were males and 164 were females,the average age of female patients was significantly higher than that of males[ (44 ± 16) vs.(32 ± 20) years; t =3.821,P =0.001 ].Patients under 20 years accounted for the highest proportion in male cases (38/96,39.6％) ; while patients aged 40 - 60 years were the highest proportion for female cases (86/164,52.4％).Pituitary tumor and postoperative damage was the most common cause for hypopituitarism accounting for 36.2％ (94/260),followed by Sheehan syndrome (86/260,33.1％).The most common manifestation of hypopituitarism was anemia (102 eases) ; 26 cases presented all pituitary function failure.The causes leading to hypopituitarism usually showed specific manifestations in imaging examinations.The overall misdiagnosis rate was 40.4％ (105/260)in this series,while that of etiological diagnosis was 25.4％ (66/260).Conclusions This study suggests that hypopituitarism caused by different causes can be diagnosed by disease history,clinical manifestations and pituitary imaging examination.

Objective To study the effect of continous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and mutiple subcutaneous insulin infusion (MSII) on type 2 diabetes mellitus during perioperation. Methods One hundred and eighty surgical patients complicated with Type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into two groups,98 cases in the CSII group (treated with CSII of novolin R) and 82 cases in the MSII group (treated with MSII of novolin R and no-volin N). Blood glucose level,the time to reach normal blood glucose level, the average dosage of insulin, the inci-dence of hypoglycemic,infection rate of incisions and inpatient days were measured in two groups before and after treatment. Results The level of fasting blood glucose after treatment in the CSII group (4.8 mmol/L (SD: 1.6)) was significantly lower than that of the MSII group (6.4 mmol/L(SD :2.1)) (t = 7.74,P < 0.05), and 2-h glucose in the CSII group (7.6 mmol/L(SD :2.3)) was significantly lower than that of the MSII group (9.3 mmol/L(SD: 2.4)) (t = 7.72, P < 0.05). The time to reach normal blood glucose level in the CSII group (4.1 days (SD: 2.9)) was shorter than that of MSII group (6.9 days (SD :2.0)) (t=2.81, P < 0.05). The average dosage of insulin in the CSII group (40.7 U(SD: 10.3)) was lower than that of the MSII group (63.2 U (SD: 17.0)) (t=3.57, P <0.05). The incidence of hypoglycemic in the CSII group (3.05%) was lower than that of the MSII group (9.20%) (χ~2 = 4.92,P < 0.05). The infection rate of incisions in the CSII group (0.0%) was lower than that of the MSII group (10.9%) (χ~2 =4.18, P < 0.05). The inpatient days in the CSII group (15.3 days (SD :7.2)) was shorter than that of the MSII group (22.5 days (SD :9.7)) (t = 3.12, P < 0.05). Conclusions Compared to multiple sub-cutaneous insulin infusion, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion is more effective in controlling blood glucose, hypoglycemic and incision infection, thus is recommend to perioperative patients complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.