Aim To investigate the effect of insulin glargine and human insulin on proliferation of a human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and the role of ERK in the process.Methods MDA-MB-231 cells were incubated with insulin glargine and human insulin at different concentrations and for different time courses.A specific ERK1/2 inhibitor,PD98059,was used either alone or in combination with insulin glargine or human insulin to test the involvement of ERK pathway in cell growth.Cell proliferation was evaluated using cell counting kit-8 reagents.Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry.Results Both insulin glargine and human insulin dose-dependently enhanced MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation at the concentrations from 1 to 100 IU?L-1 after treatment for 96 h.At the concentration of 10 IU?L-1,both drugs promoted cell growth at 48,72,and 96 h.The percentage of S+G2/M cells was significantly increased in both insulin glargine and human insulin treated groups as compared to untreated controls.No significant difference was observed between insulin glargine and human insulin in their effects on cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution.Cell proliferation was significantly inhibited by PD98059.However,in the presence of PD98059,both drugs still promoted cell proliferation significantly as compared to untreated controls.Conclusions Insulin galrgine and human insulin similarly promote proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells independent of ERK activation.

Objective:This study compiled a comprehensive overview of the academic misconduct cases handled by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) over the past decade, and took it as a representative to analyze the current situation of China′s academic research integrity to propose further enhancement suggestions.Methods:We collected data on academic misconduct cases notified by the NSFC between 2013 and 2022, and conducted a statistical analysis to gain insights into the time of occurrence, the way of discovery, the distribution of disciplines, the types of misconduct, and the handling measures of the NSFC.Results:Between 2013 to 2022, the Funding Committee notified 273 decisions regarding misconduct cases, indicating a general upward trend over time. Among the 158 cases with a labeled discovery pathway, the most common way was funding paper retraction by scientific journals, followed by reporting, and then review by the Funding Committee. The majority of individuals involved were from universities (44.81%) and hospitals affiliated with universities (45.45%). The top three most frequent types of misconduct were plagiarism, manipulation of reviews, and falsification. The Fund Committee's handling measures primarily involved in restrictions on applying for national funds within 2~7 years, notifications and criticisms, project withdrawals, and fund recoveries.Conclusions:Over the past ten years, the number of investigations of academic misconduct by the Fund Committee has been increasing, and the way of discovery has shifted from reporting and retraction by research journals to self-investigation by the Fund Committee. Biomedicine is a key field where misconduct occurs, and universities are the primary institutions where such cases are detected. Common causes of academic misconduct include plagiarism, manipulated peer review, and falsification. The foundation typically imposes punishments that restrict funding applications and issues public criticisms. To strengthen the academic integrity system, it is essential to establish and implement an early warning mechanism for academic integrity, reform the scientific research evaluation system, and establish an academic integrity management platform.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of air moxibustion combined with pushpin-like needle acupuncture,which is formulated based on the"suppressing wood-supporting earth"theory in the doctrine of the five elements of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),in the treatment of pain,nausea and vomiting after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE).Methods A total of 160 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma,who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China to receive initial TACE between July 2020 and June 2023,were enrolled in this study.The patients were randomly divided into 4 groups with 40 patients in each group.The patients of the control group received TACE with conventional nursing care,the patients of the pushpin-like needle group received pushpin-like needle acupuncture on the basis of the control group,the patients of the air moxibustion group received air moxibustion treatment on the basis of the control group,and the patients of the combination group received air moxibustion combined with pushpin-like needle acupuncture on the basis of the control group.The post-TACE pain degree(VAS scoring)and nausea/vomiting extent(INVR scoring)were compared between each other among the four groups.Results The differences in the VAS score and INVR score(including main effect and interaction effect)between each other among the four groups were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Statistically significant differences in the VAS score and INVR score existed between the control group and the other three groups(all P＜0.05).The differences in the VAS score and INVR score between combination group and pushpin-like needle group,as well as between combination group and air moxibustion group were statistically significant(both P＜0.05).Conclusion Air moxibustion combined with pushpin-like needle acupuncture can effectively and remarkably relieve post-TACE pain,nausea and vomiting,which is superior to simple use of air moxibustion or pushpin-like needle acupuncture.Therefor,the combination use of air moxibustion and pushpin-like needle acupuncture should be popularized in clinical practice.

Objective:To evaluate and summarize the best evidence for exercise scheme after bariatric and metabolic surgery in obese patients at home and abroad.Methods:We used "obesity" " bariatric and metabolic surgery" "sleeve gastrectomy" "gastric bypass surgery" "banding surgery" "exercise" "physical activity" "exercise therapy" "guideline" "expert consensus" "systematic review" "Meta-analysis" and "evidence summary" as keywords, and searched databases such as UpToDate, Cochrane Library, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) , Wanfang Data, and the guide network and professional association platforms by computer. Literature retrieved included guidelines, expert consensus, best clinical practice, clinical decision-making, systematic reviews, and the search time limit was from the database establishment to July 18, 2020. Two researchers evaluated the quality of literature and extracted evidence, and the evidence was revised and perfected through expert consultation.Results:A total of 4 systematic reviews and Meta-analysis articles, 2 clinical decision-making articles, 4 guidelines, and 1 expert consensus were included. The evidence was collected from 7 aspects, namely the importance of exercise, pre-exercise evaluation, exercise style, exercise intensity and duration, exercise safety, exercise follow-up, exercise effect evaluation, and finally 33 best evidences were summed up.Conclusions:Evidence of exercise scheme after bariatric and metabolic surgery in obese patients is comprehensive. Medical institutions and clinical medical and nursing staff can combine the institutional environment to transform and apply the evidence.