Objective: For pharmacists to select a suitable auxiliary device for eye drop administration for patients who have difficulty in applying eye drops, the pharmacists need to know the characteristics and level of difficulty of using each device.
Methods: Thus, we compared the characteristics of New Rakuraku Tengan, Rakuraku Tengan III, and an eye-drop self-help device and also conducted a survey involving 40 healthy volunteers on each device’s accessibility and suitability for people with motor disabilities.
Results: New Rakuraku Tengan received the highest score for “usage was able to easily understand” (70.0% of the respondents answered positively) and “suitability for poor-sighted people” (65.0%).  Rakuraku Tengan III received the highest score for the “effectiveness of photos and illustrations in the manual” (77.5%),but was evaluated to be difficult to use.  The eye-drop self-help device received the highest score for “suitability for people with difficulty raising their shoulders and arms” (75.0%).
Results: Thus, we observed the need for pharmacists to have thorough knowledge of the products in order to recommend suitable auxiliary devices for eye drop administration for each patient.

Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) is widely used for high-risk patients with thoracic aortic pathology. However, access to the thoracic aorta can be difficult because TEVAR requires the introduction of a large a sheath especially in those with aortoiliac occlusive diseases and thoracic shaggy aorta. We herein report two cases of TEVAR in which the common carotid artery was used as the access route. Case 1 : An 86-year-old male patient whose past surgical history was significant for infected abdominal aortic aneurysm with abdominal aortic stump closed and axillo-bilateral femoral bypass. Computed tomography revealed a saccular aneurysm of the descending aorta, which required a carotid artery approach as the access route. Case 2 : A 79-year-old female patient who developed type A thoracic aortic dissection. She was considered to be of prohibitive risk for surgical repair and was treated conservatively. However, an intramural hematoma with an ulcer-like projection lesion in the ascending aorta expanded and definitive treatment was indicated. Because the descending aorta was significantly shaggy, we decided to perform TEVAR via the right common carotid artery as the access route. Both patients' pathology was successfully treated and were discharged without any complications. TEVAR via common carotid artery access is a useful and safe procedure for patients in whom femoral and abdominal aortic aorta access is not feasible or safe.