OBJECTIVE:To establish HPLC method for the determination of the content of paeoniflorin in Shenshao?gankang oral liquid.METHODS:Paeoniflorin was separated on Kromasil C 18 ;methanol-0.05mol/L KH 2 PO 4 solution-avantin(60∶173∶4,which was adjusted to pH=4.0with acetic acid)was taken as the mobile phase with a flow rate at1.0ml/min and detection wavelength at230nm.RESULTS:Good linear relationship was achieved when the detection concentration range of peoniflorin was0.027～0.230mg/ml(r=0.9999);The average recovery of peoniflorin was100.97%(RSD=1.28%,n=5). CONCLUSION:The method was simple,rapid,precise and reproducible,which can be used as the quality control of Shenshaogankang oral liquid.

Objective To observe the effects of Jieyu-Chufan capsule(JCC) on the behavior and the monoamine neurotransmitter content of cerebral in depression mouse model and explore its mechanism. Methods The ICR male mouse were randomly divided into seven groups according to their weights(the model group, the low, middle and high doses group, Baiyoujie group, the amitriptyline group, the normal control group). The low, middle and high doses group were given JCC with 1.250, 2.500, 5.000 g/kg separately by intragastric administration. Baiyoujie group was given 0.014 g/kg Baiyoujie by gavage. The amitriptyline group was given 0.050 g/kg amitriptyline by gavage. The model group and the normal control group received the same volume of distilled water intragastrically. The drugs were administrated once a day. The brepharoptosis and movement conditions of mouse were observed after 22 days. The monoamine neurotransmitter content of each group was measured after 25 days. Results Compared to the model group, the number of mouse with brepharoptosis decreased in the high dose group after 1, 2, 6 hour with reserpine injection (P<0.05 or P<0.01);the number of mouse came out from the circle increased after 4 hours with reserpine injection (P<0.05 or P<0.01);the content of NA (880.45 ± 428.81 ng/g, 875.98 ± 449.33 ng/g vs. 299.92 ± 267.08 ng/g) and DA (2 305.99 ± 530.37 ng/g, 2 169.99 ± 278.19 ng/g vs. 1 439.34 ± 357.33 ng/g) in the middle and high dose group increased (P<0.01);the content of 5-HT (781.43 ± 135.10 ng/g vs. 492.01 ± 192.80 ng/g) in the middle group increased (P<0.01). Conclusions JCC showed an antidepression influence in depression mouse model induced by reserpine. The mechanism may be related to regulating the level of monoamine neurotransmitter in the nervous centralis .

Adult ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngitis ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycoses ; diagnosis ; Pharyngitis ; diagnosis ; microbiology

Objective To investigate clinical significance of procalcitonin (PCT)in the early diagnosis of acute left heart failure complicated with pulmonary infection in the elderly.Methods A total of 113 patients with acute left heart failure or acute left heart failure complicated with pulmonary infection who were admitted into our emergency department from August 2012 to February 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Data of serum concentration of PCT were collected on the first and third days after admission.The diagnostic values of serum PCT and C-reaction protein(CRP)were evaluated based on the patient's diagnostic data.ROC curves were plotted for PCT,and its cut-off value was calculated.Results Serum levels of PCT on the first and third days after admission were higher in pulmonary infection group than in left heart failure group[(2.45±0.42) μg/L vs.(0.54±0.03) μg/L,(1.25±0.17) μg/L vs.(0.43±0.03) μg/L,t =34.27 and 35.78,P=0.000 and 0.000].The diagnostic specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of PCT were better than those of CRP(x2 =4.97,4.76 and 4.17,P =0.030,0.030 and 0.040).There was no significant difference in the diagnostic sensitivity between PCT and CRP (x2 =3.05,P =0.080).The best diagnostic cut-off value of PCT was 0.597 μg/L in which the sensitivity of diagnosis of heart failure complicated with pneumonia was 91.07％ and the specificity was 90.77％.Conclusions Serum PCT test can assist the early diagnosis of acute left heart failure complicated with pulmonary infection in elderly patients with high sensitivity and specificity.The best diagnostic cut-off value of PCT is 0.597 μg/L.Based on serum PCT test,early rational use of antibiotics for controlling acute left heart failure complicated with pulmonary infection in elderly patients is worthy of generalization.

Objective To clarify the effect of cardio pulmonary coupling (CPC) technology on sleep quality and the effect of Shichen-based physiological function index analysis on sleep health assessment.Methods CPC and Shichen-based physiological function index were used to evaluate the sleep quality of 242 volunteers from 9:00 pm to 9:00 am for 12 hours.Based on CPC technology score,volunteers wree seperated to three sleep quality groups (scoring 85-100 in 63 volunteers,scoring 60-84 in 80 volunteers,scoring ＜ 60 in 99 volunteers).The results of sleep quality and parasympathetic intensity over the whole nighttime and the different time period of each sleep quality group were compared and the correlation analysis was done.Results The whole nighttime sleep quality test showed that there was significant difference (t =-12.754-19.030,all P ＜ 0.01) in the time to the stable sleep ratio (52.78％ ± 10.32％,43.99％ ± 14.48,20.95％ ± 10.41％),the disturbed sleep ratio (25.65％ ± 7.81％,34.18％ ± 12.71％,53.65％ ± 14.81％),and the apnea-hypopnea index (2.79 ±2.95,7.93 ± 6.61,23.94 ± 16.09)in the different sleep quality groups.The Shichen-based sleep quality test showed that there was significant difference among the stable sleep ratio,the disturbed sleep ratio during the 23:00 pm to 5:00 am period in the different sleep quality groups.There existed significant difference with parasympathetic intensity in the different sleep quality groups.There was positive correlation between the parasympathetic intensity and the stable sleep ratio in the same sleep quality group (r =0.508,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions CPC evaluation can commendably distinguish and evaluate different sleep quality groups on the whole night sleep.The Shichen-based physiological function index can not only distinguish the sleep quality,but also evaluate the multiple physiological function,the parasympathetic intensity between different sleep quality groups during different sleep periods.Thus they can be widely used to assess the sleep quality.

【Objective】 To analyze the blood samples sent by hospitals in Shenzhen to solve ABO cross-match incompatibility during 2011 to 2020, so as to find corresponding solutions to improve the efficacy of blood transfusion. 【Methods】 The clinical data of 1 770 cases of cross-match incompatibility in our laboratory from January 2011 to December 2020 were collected and reviewed. The causes of cross-match incompatibility were analyzed, the types of unexpected antibodies were determined. The overall incidence of antibodies was evaluated by statistical method of classified variables. The safety of blood transfusion was safeguarded by ABO homotype plus cross-matching compatibility. 【Results】 1) The 1 770 samples, presenting cross-matching incompatibility, involved 956 patients. The average number of cross-matching per patient from 2011 to 2015 was 1.32(307/232), which increased from 1.27(103/81) in 2016 to 2.23(286/128) in 2018, and remained stable in 2019 and 2020. 2) Among 956 patients, auto-and/or allo-antibody in plasma were yielded in 90.38%(864/956), including auto-antibody plus alloantibody in 42.26%(404/956), solo auto-antibody in 20.71%(198/956) and solo allo-antibody in 27.41%(262/956). Up to 20 kinds of specific allo-antibodies were detected, belonging to 8 blood groups. Among them, 70.82%(551/778) were Rh blood group, such as anti-E(37.15%)>anti-c(20.95%)>anti-C(5.27%)=anti-e(5.27%)>anti-D(2.19%), followed by MNS [11.40%(112/778)], Kidd [5.66%(44/778)], Leiws [3.21%(25/778)], Duffy [1.80%(14/778)], Diego [1.03%(8/778)], P1 [0.39%(3/778)] and H [0.26%(2/778)]. 3) 86%(37/43) of multiple transfusion recipients, aged below 20 years old, were thalassemia, and 1-4 kinds of allo- and/or auto-antibody were yielded. 【Conclusion】 The cross-matching incompatibility were mainly caused by allo- and/or auto-antibodies, which may be induced by blood transfusion, pregnancy or autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia.Those suspicious blood samples in clinical should be sent to blood group reference laboratory for further determination, in order to ensure the safety and efficacy of blood transfusion.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the basic situation of developing pharmacy outpatient departments in Chinese tertiary medical institutions and analyze the influencing factors. METHODS The research targeted the pharmacy outpatient department managers of hospitals and conducted a survey through Sojump in March 2023. Various independent variables were selected from the hospital’s own characteristics， the management of the pharmacy outpatient departments， and the construction of the pharmacist team for Logistic and linear regression analysis， with the aim of separately analyzing the factors influencing the establishment of pharmacy outpatient departments and the factors affecting the total number of patients served by these departments throughout the year 2022. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS A total of 1 304 medical institutions of different levels nationwide participated in this survey， with 714 tertiary hospitals. Among the tertiary hospitals， 377 （52.80%） had established pharmacy outpatient departments， including 321 grade-A tertiary hospitals， 48 grade-B tertiary hospitals and 8 other tertiary hospitals. The 377 tertiary hospitals collectively operated 1 739 pharmacy outpatient departments， covering 19 specialized fields， with the highest proportion found in the cardiovascular field （including anticoagulation） at 16.45%. Tertiary hospitals in North China， Central China， East China and South China regions had more pharmacy outpatient departments. The establishment of pharmacy outpatient departments was found to be influenced by tertiary grade-B status （P＝0.010） and the annual outpatient volume of the hospital （P＝0.008）， although the impact was relatively small. The factors influencing the number of patients served by pharmacy outpatient departments were the annual outpatient volume of the hospital （P＝0.042） and the number of pharmacists engaged in clinical pharmacy work （P＝0.004）. The proportion of tertiary hospitals in China that have established pharmacy outpatient departments is insufficient. It is necessary to further accelerate the construction of pharmacy outpatient departments and appropriately expand the talent pool of hospital pharmacy teams based on the needs of pharmacy outpatient departments and patients， in order to meet the requirements of medical practice and patient care.

Gastrointestinal motility disorder is an important cause of digestive system diseases. Patients often suffer from nausea， vomiting， gastric retention， gastroparesis， constipation， and many other symptoms， and their quality of life is seriously reduced. Prokinetic agents are routinely used in clinical practice， but their long-term use is prone to problems such as reduced efficacy and increased adverse reactions. Since the incidence of gastrointestinal diseases has continued to rise globally in recent years， there is an urgent need for clinical development of safe and effective treatment strategies. Aurantii Fructus， a traditional Chinese medicine， has the effect of smoothing Qi and eliminating distention， and it has been used to treat gastrointestinal diseases for thousands of years. In modern clinical practice， it is mainly used for the treatment and auxiliary treatment of various gastrointestinal diseases such as functional dyspepsia， functional constipation， and irritable bowel syndrome. The efficacy is remarkable， and no adverse reactions have been reported at conventional doses. Therefore， it can greatly improve the symptoms of patients with gastrointestinal diseases and improve their quality of life. Modern research has revealed that there are many active components in Aurantii Fructus， among which flavonoids have the highest content and the most types. Flavonoids are the main active components in Aurantii Fructus to regulate gastrointestinal motility. Aurantii Fructus and its active components can affect gastrointestinal hormones， neural pathways， Cajal mesenchymal cells， and other multiple mechanisms. They can adjust gastrointestinal motility and correct gastrointestinal motility disorders， showing potential application value in the treatment of gastrointestinal motility disorders. However， a comprehensive analysis of Aurantii Fructus in this aspect is still lacking. This study summarized the pharmacological activities of active components of Aurantii Fructus extract and its flavonoids， volatile oils， alkaloids， and coumarin on the regulation of gastrointestinal motility and explored the latest research progress on its mechanism. Finally， the adverse reactions of Aurantii Fructus were summarized. It aims to provide a scientific basis for the research and clinical application of Aurantii Fructus and its active components in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility.