Objective:To explore status and influencing factors of medication deviation in elderly patients with brain infarction during the hospital-family transition, and to explore the relationship between medication deviation and adverse drug events.Methods:From November 2021 to May 2022, 218 elderly patients with brain infarction from Neurology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College were selected as the research objects by the convenience sampling method. General data questionnaire and Self-Efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale were used to investigate patients. One month after discharge, patients were investigated by telephone using Medication Discrepancy Tool and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale with Eight-Item, and the incidence of adverse drug events was collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of medication deviation. Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between adverse drug events and medication deviation. A total of 218 questionnaires were distributed in this study, and 207 valid questionnaires were effectively recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 95.0%.Results:The incidence of medication deviation in elderly patients with brain infarction was 48.8% (101/207) . Logistic regression analysis results showed that hypertension, stroke severity, medication compliance and medication quantity were the influencing factors of medication deviation ( P<0.05) . Spearman correlation analysis results showed that adverse drug events were positively correlated with medication deviation ( r=0.234, P<0.01) . Conclusions:The incidence of medication deviation in elderly patients with brain infarction during the hospital-family transition was higher. Hypertension, stroke severity, medication compliance and medication quantity were the influencing factors of medication deviation. Medical staff should formulate targeted intervention measures based on the influencing factors of medication deviation, so as to reduce the incidence of medication deviation.