Waterborne viruses that can be harmful to human health pose significant challenges globally,affecting health care systems and the economy.Identifying these waterborne pathogens is essential for preventing diseases and protecting public health.However,handling complex samples such as human and waste-water can be challenging due to their dynamic and complex composition and the ultralow concentration of target analytes.This review presents a comprehensive overview of the latest breakthroughs in waterborne virus biosensors.It begins by highlighting several promising strategies that enhance the sensing performance of optical and electrochemical biosensors in human samples.These strategies include optimizing bioreceptor selection,transduction elements,signal amplification,and integrated sensing systems.Furthermore,the insights gained from biosensing waterborne viruses in human sam-ples are applied to improve biosensing in wastewater,with a particular focus on sampling and sample pretreatment due to the dispersion characteristics of waterborne viruses in wastewater.This review suggests that implementing a comprehensive system that integrates the entire waterborne virus detection process with high-accuracy analysis could enhance virus monitoring.These findings provide valuable insights for improving the effectiveness of waterborne virus detection,which could have sig-nificant implications for public health and environmental management.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of enhanced external counterpulsation(EECP)in elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS)complicated by coronary heart dis-ease(CHD).Methods A total of 65 AIS patients with CHD admitted in our hospital from Janu-ary to June 2023 were recruited and randomly divided into a control group(drug secondary pre-vention,n=32)and a treatment group(drug combined with EECP therapy,n=33).Their NIHSS score,mRS score and Canadian Cardiovascular Society(CCS)angina grade were evaluated before and after treatment and compared between the two groups.The incidences of recurrent ischemic stroke,new hemorrhagic stroke and major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)were also recor-ded during treatment.Results The NIHSS score and mRS score were significantly decreased in both groups after treatment(P＜0.01).After treatment,the NIHSS score(2.67±1.63 vs 3.56± 1.83),mRS score[1.0(0.0,1.0)vs 2.0(1.0,2.0)]and CCS grade[1.0(1.0,2.0)vs 2.0(1.0,2.0)]were obviously lower in the treatment group than the control group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).There were no statistical differences in the incidence rates of recurrent ischemic stroke,new-onset hem-orrhagic stroke,and MACE between the control group and the treatment group(9.4％vs 6.1％,6.3％vs 3.0％,12.5％vs 6.1％,P＞0.0 5).Conclusion EECP is a safe and effective treatment option for elderly AIS patients with CHD.

Objective To investigate the effects of a novel enhancer of Zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) inhibitor GSK126 in vitro on the cell proliferation and apoptosis in acute leukemia and lymphoma cells. Methods CCKˉ8 assay was used to measure the effects of GSK126 with different concentrations and time on the cell proliferation in human Tˉcell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (TˉALL) CEM cell line, acute monocytic leukemia U937 cell line and Burkitt lymphoma Raji cell line. Annexin V/PI double staining method was used to determine the effects of GSK126 on the cell apoptosis. The effect of GSK126 on the mRNA levels of EZH2, bclˉ2 and bclˉxL were measured by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results After the function for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, compared to the negative control group (0 μmol/L), 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 μmol/L GSK126 treatment showed a significant doseˉand timeˉdependent cell proliferation suppression in CEM cells; 5, 10, 15, 20 μmol/L GSK126 treatment showed a significant doseˉand timeˉdependent cell proliferation suppression in U937 cells; 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 μmol/L GSK126 treatment showed a significant timeˉdependent suppression in Raji cells (all P< 0.05). The 48 h 50% inhibitory concentration ( IC 50) of GSK126 on CEM, U937, Raji cells was (13.46 ±0.83), (11.65 ±1.02), (15.00 ±0.19) μmol/L, respectively. GSK126 treatment with the doses of 8, 12 and 16 μmol/L promoted the apoptosis of CEM and U937 cells compared with the negative control group (0 μmol/L), and there were statistical differences in the apoptosis rate (F＝ 167.995, P< 0.01; F＝ 158.400, P< 0.01). In Raji cells, only 16 μmol/L GSK126 treatment had a higher cell apoptosis rate compared with the control group (t＝ 47.998, P< 0.05). Furthermore, 8, 12 and 16 μmol/L GSK126 treatment suppressed the expressions of EZH2 mRNA in CEM, U937 and Raji cells compared with the control group (F＝82.035, P<0.01; F＝ 252.712, P< 0.01; F＝ 690.536, P< 0.01), and the expressions of bclˉ2 and bclˉxL mRNA (bclˉ2: F＝ 1 900.525, P< 0.01; F＝ 431.324, P< 0.01; F＝216.184, P<0.01; bclˉxL: F＝256.751, P<0.01; F＝147.019, P<0.01; F＝209.325, P<0.01). Conclusion EZH2 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of acute leukemia and lymphoma. GSK126 as a high selective inhibitor of EZH2 might be a potential new drug in treatment of hematological malignancies.

Objective:To investigate the longitudinal trajectory and influencing factors of cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy.Methods:From March 2019 to January 2020, breast cancer patients in Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Peking Union Medical College Hospital were selected as the research objects to conduct follow-up investigation. The survey tools included general information questionnaire, Cancer-related Fatigue Assessment Scale, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale.Results:A total of 91 patients were included in the study. The incidence of severe CRF at each time point before chemotherapy, 3 weeks after chemotherapy and 6 weeks after chemotherapy were 1.1% (1/91), 8.8% (5/57) and 2.1% (1/48), respectively. The results of the generalized estimation equation showed that the trajectory of the total score CRF firstly increased and then decreased, reaching a peak at 3 weeks after chemotherapy (35.45±13.07), and mild CRF change showed statistical difference ( P<0.05). In addition, BMI and sleep and daytime dysfunction were the influencing factors of the total score of CRF. Disease stage, sleep disturbance and daytime dysfunction were the influencing factors of CRF with different severity. Conclusions:CRF is a prominent problem in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy. Attention should be paid to high-risk individuals with abnormal BMI and daytime function by medical staff.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of high-resolution magnetic resonance im-aging(HRMRI)in elderly patients with non-cardioembolic acute ischemic stroke(NCAIS).Meth-ods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 101 elderly NCAIS patients having HRMRI in our hospital from July 2022 to July 2023.Stroke subtypes were classified according to the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment(TOAST)system and the Chinese Ischemic Stroke Sub-classification(CISS)system.The constituent ratio distribution of each subtype classification was compared before and after HRMRI in both classification systems.Results TOAST system identi-fied 8 cases of small-artery occlusion(SAO),1 case of other determined etiology(SOE),5 cases of undetermined etiology(SUE)and then reclassified as large artery atherosclerosis(LAA),1 case of SUE which was reclassified as SAO,and 7 cases of LAA and 4 cases of SUE being reclas-sified as SOE after HRMRI.In total,the diagnosis of 26 cases(25.74％)was modified.In the CISS system,10 cases of penetrating artery disease(PAD),1 case of other etiologies(OE),and 4 cases of undetermined etiology(UE)were reclassified as LAA.Furthermore,9 cases of LAA and 3 cases of UE were reclassified as OE after HRMRI.In total,the diagnosis of 27 cases(26.73％)was modified.There were statistical differences in the constituent ratio before and after HRMRI in both TOAST(x2=15.425,P＜0.01)and CISS(x2=17.300,P＜0.01)systems.Conclusion HRMRI is of diagnostic value and significance in accurately diagnosing the etiology of AIS in eld-erly patients without cardioembolic causes.

Female ; Gallbladder Neoplasms ; complications ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Skin Neoplasms ; secondary

Objective: To detect the characteristics of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) mutations in adult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and its relationship with the prognosis. Methods: Fifty-five adult T-ALL patients were enrolled in Jiangsu Province Hospital from February 2010 to April 2016. Mononuclear bone marrow cells were extracted by using Ficoll density gradient centrifugation. Genomic DNA was extracted from isolated mononuclear cells. Amplified exon 1-9 of PTEN by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) specifically amplified PTEN exon, then DNA was purified, sequenced and compared. The mutation occurrence rate, mutation types, and the relations with several clinical indicators were analyzed. Results: PTEN mutations were detected in 5 patients, and 8 types of mutations were detected in 55 T-ALL patients with mutation rate of 9.1% (5/55). All the mutations were located in exon 7 of the genes. Five patients with PTEN mutations also merged other gene mutations like NOTCH1 and DNM2. The level of median lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in patients with PTEN mutations was higher than that in patients without PTEN mutations (3 358 U/L vs. 755 U/L, Z=-2.014, P= 0.044). No significant differences were found in gender, age, white blood count, hemoglobin, platelet count, overall survival rate, event free survival, recurrence free survival between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion PTEN is a tumor suppressor gene, and its mutation plays a significant role in the occurrence and development of adult T-ALL patients, which may be associated with the poor prognosis.