Objective To investigate the correlation between NAD(P)H oxidase p22phox C242T polymorphism and carotid atherosclerosis(CA)in Chinese population.Methods 138 patients with CA and 130 control subjects were recruited.C242T polymorphism of p22 phox was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)for determination of its genotype. Results The CT genotype frequencies in the CA group and control group were 0.268 and 0.139, respectively,and no TF genotype was found.The CT genotype frequency of the CA group was significantly higher than that of the control group(X2=6.899,P=0.009).It was found that systolic blood pressure, blood glucose,low density lipoprotein cholesterol smoking and the NAD(P)H oxidase p22 phox C242T polymorphism were independent risk factors for CA by Logistic regression analysis.Conclusions The NAD(P)H oxidase p22 phox C242T polymorphism may be a risk factor for CA.

Objective To investigate the correlation between cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) T833C gene polymorphism and the plasma homocysteine (Hey) levels in patients with ischemic cerebral vascular disease(ICVD). Methods Three hundred and sixty patients with ICVD and 210 control subjects were enrolled. The T833C polymorphism of CBS gene was analyzed by the amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS). Plasma Hey levels were measured by high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection(HPLC-FD). Results Plasma Hey levels in the ICVD group ((17.6±4.8) μmol/L) were higher than those in control group ((13.3±4.3) μmol/L, t = 10.716, P< 0.05) . There were no differences in genotype frequencies and allele frequencies between the ICVD group and contral group (χ2 = 0.785, 0.941 ,P>0.05). Plasma Hey levels in CC genotype or TC genotype were higher than those in TT genotype (F = 6.56, P< 0.05). Condusions High plasma Hey level is an independent risk factor of ICVD,but CBS T833C polymorphism may not associated with ICVD.

Objective To establish the quality control standards of Gehuang Huoxue Capsules. Methods TLC methods for identification of Radix Astragali and Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae were established. A simple HPLC method was established for the determination of Puerarin. Results The spots on TLC plates were clear without interference in the blank reference. The liner range of Puerarin was 0.020 79～0.665 2 mg/mL, r= 1.000 0. The average recovery of Puerarin was 100.1% and RSD=0.92%. Conclusion The method is simple, accurate, reproducible and can be used for the quality control standards of Gehuang Huoxue Capsules.

Fractures of the femoral head (FFH) are mainly seen in young adults,and the majority mechanism is due to dashboard injury in crushing vehicles.FFH can be present with or without posterior dislocation of the hip joint.Except for periarticular pain and hip dysfunction,the typical signs include flexion,adduction and internal rotation of the hip and shortening of involved limb.CT and MRI get their popularity as diagnostic methods for FFH.An emergency open reduction should be indicated in the scenario of failed closed reduction in FFH with posterior dislocation,of FFH with femoral neck fractures,of unmatched head and acetabulum following closed reduction and of deteriorating sciatic nerve damage.Pipkin as well as Brumback classification is still the most popularly used methods,which have great significance for establishment of surgical strategy and prediction of prognosis.More and more clinical evidences show conservative care of FFH should only be indicated for non-displaced fractures or displacement less than 2 mm.These cases must meet the following criteria simultaneously,including stable hip joint,concentric head and acetabulum,no free fractured fragments in the joint space and no labrum entrapment.Operative care is naturally the treatment of choice.Surgical approaches for FFH are hot topics in recent years.In previous control studies to compare Kocher-Langenbeck (K-L) and Smith-Peterson (S-P) approach,it is revealed less operative time,less blood loss and better operative field you can get in S-P approach,however,the incidence of ectopic ossification is higher.Ganz approach,which is characterized by osteotomy of great trochanter,hip capsulotomy and surgical dislocation of the hip,is a novel pattern for operative care of FFH.Ganz approach can show the entire femoral head,while can not damage medial femoral circumflex artery (MFCA) and induce iatrogenic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).Various screws are the main implants for the fixation of fractured femoral head.Osteoarthritis and ONFH are two principal complications following FFH,which not only closely associate with severity and mechanism of primary injury,but also correlate with reduction quality and iatrogenic factors.Artificial hip joint replacement is a rational choice for extremely comminuted femoral head and these FFH in the elderly.

Teaching of clinical skills is an important bridging phase from preclinical medicine to clinical practice.It is also an important element of medical students'clinical skills training.According to the character of internal medical cardiology,we should enhance the training of their clinical thinking ability,medical communication competence,and clinical operating ability to get satisfactory teaching effect.

In this research, phosphate and thiophosphate prodrugs 3a, 3b of anti-HIV agent AZT were synthesized, and their anti-HIV activities and cytotoxicities were investigated in vitro. Results showed that the prodrugs 3a and 3b with an IC50 value of 11.0 and 4.0 micromol x L(-1), respectively, were less toxic than AZT (1.0 micromol x L(-1)). Although the EC50 values of both 3a (0.04 micromol x (L(-1) and 3b (0.16 micromol x L(-1)) were lower than that of AZT (0.01 micromol x L(-1)), the therapeutic index (IC50/EC50) of prodrug 3a (275) was much higher than that of both AZT (100) and prodrug 3b (25). This indicated that the prodrug 3a merited further investigation as an anti-HIV agent.

Objective To optimize human acellular dermal matrix(ADM) and evaluate its biological characters. Methods Human skin was treated with hypertonic saline followed by NaOH maceration(group A), hypertonic saline followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) detergent(group B) or Dispase Ⅱ followed by Triton X-100(group C), the resulting ADM were sectioned, and then were stained by special immunohistochemistry method. The cytotoxicity of them were evaluated by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetry and then cell compatibility was analyzed by cell culture;The optimized ADM resulted was choosen for use. Fibrablasts(FBs)were transfected with adenovirus vector encoding green fluorescent protein gene(Ad-GFP)and the growth of them on the optimized ADM was observed by fluorescent microscopy. Results Collagen and elastic fibers can still be observed in three kinds of ADM. The cells in dermis can be disintegrated both in group A and C, but not in group B. The cytotoxicity scores of the ADM prepared in group A and B were grade 0 or grade 1, while that of group C was more than grade 1.The ADM prepared by NaCl-NaOH maceration had good biocompatibility. There was statistical difference in adhering number of NIH3T3 cells in group A and B. NIH3T3 cells grew well in group A and the resulted ADM was optimized. FBs transfected with Ad-GFP grew well in the optimized ADM. Conclusion The ADM prepared by NaCl-NaOH maceration was a good tissue engineering biomaterial with a little cytotoxicity and rich in resouce.

Objective To evaluate the short-term effect and safety of endoscopic pyloromyotomy for congenital hypertrophic pyioric stenosis(CHPS).Methods Twelve infants,including 8 boys and 4 girls,mean age(57.5±14.4)days,who were diagnosed as CHPS,underwent endoscopic pyloromyotomy by using an ultra-thin gastroscope.Incisions were made from the duodenal to the antral side of the pylorus by an endoscopic electrosurgical sphincterome or a needle knife.Results These 12 patients underwent 13 endoscopic operations.Vomiting ceased in 1-10 days in 11 cases,of which one patient's vomiting was recurrent 35 days after the first procedure,which was improved 10 days later after another endoscopic operations.Another one did not stop vomiting because of cytomegalovirus hepatitis,whose symptoms were relieved after secondary treatment.No complications were observed except for minor melena in one case after the therapy.Conclusion Endoscopicall pyloromyotomy in CHPS is effective and safe in short-term follow-up.

BACKGROUND:Sodium butyrate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, can inhibit cell proliferation, and induce apoptosis and differentiation of various cancer cells. However, the role of sodium butyrate combined with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) on lung cancer stem cells remains unclear. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of sodium butyrate combined with TRAIL on biological behaviors of lung cancer stem cells. METHODS:Magnetic bead separation was used to separate lung cancer stem cells (CD133+) from human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. After the lung cancer stem cells were treated with simple DMEM/F12, DMEM/F12 containing sodium butyrate (5 mmol/L), TRAIL (50 μg/L) or sodium butyrate combined with TRAIL, the cell proliferation within 96 hours of culture was determined by MTT assay; the apoptosis within 24 hours of culture was measured by flow cytometry; the cell migration within 48 hours of culture was detected by cell scratch test; the expression levels of pluripotent transcription factors (Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog) within 48 hours of culture were detected using western blot analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The CD133+ lung cancer stem cells were successfully enriched from human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. MTT assay showed that sodium butyrate and TRAIL significantly inhibited the proliferation of lung cancer stem cells (P< 0.05), and the combination effect was even stronger (P < 0.05). Results from flow cytometry analysis and scratch test showed that sodium butyrate or TRAIL induced apoptosis and inhibited cell migration of lung cancer stem cells (P < 0.05), and the combination of sodium butyrate and TRAIL showed a stronger effect (P < 0.05). In addition, the expression levels of Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog were significantly down-regulated by sodium butyrate (P < 0.05), TRAIL or sodium butyrate combined with TRAIL, and the combination effect was stronger (P < 0.05). In conclusion, sodium butyrate and TRAIL have synergistic effects on lung cancer stem cells, indicating a new way for treatment of lung cancer.

Objective To determine the content of sophocarpine, matrine, oxysophocarpine, sophoridine, oxymatrine in Sophora Flavescentis Radix from different areas. Methods Agilent ZORBAX NH2 column (4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm) was used with mobile phase of acetonitrile-ethanol-3% phosphate (84∶10∶6), at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The wavelength of detection was 210 nm. Results The linear range of sophocarpine, matrine, oxysophocarpine, sophoridine and oxymatrine were 0.022 88-0.114 4 μg (r=0.999 7), 0.083 2-0.416 0 μg (r=0.999 7), 0.376 2-1.836 0 μg (r=0.999 8), 0.104 4-0.522 μg (r=0.999 2), 0.491 2-2.456 μg (r=0.999 9), respectively. The average recovery were 101.63% (RSD=2.08%), 98.29%(RSD=1.87%), 101.89% (RSD=1.97%), 99.87% (RSD=2.06%), 102.66% (RSD=1.34%), respectively. Conclusion The method is simple, rapid and accurate, and suitable for the quality control of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix.