Objective To study the risk factors for spontaneous rupture of primary hepatic carcinoma.Methods The clinical data of 31 patients with spontaneous rupture of primary hepatic cancer admitted to our hospital from Jan 1999 to Dec.2008 were retrospectively analyzed,and compared with 31 randomly selected concurrent patients without rapture of HCC.Results Three factors were shown to be the risk factors for spontaneous rupture of primary hepatic carcinoma.Those were APTT,HBeAg and the greatest height of tumor protrusion above the surface of liver.Conclusions APTT,HBeAg and the greatest height of tumor protrusion above the surface of liver are risk factors for spontaneous rupture of primary hepatic carcinoma.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the characteristics of exposure to iron oxide nanoparticles in workplace.

METHODSThe real-time particle number (NC), surface area (SAC), and mass (MC) concentrations of nanoparticles were measured in various locations of a selected workplace manufacturing iron oxide nanoparticles. The collected particles were analyzed for morphology and elemental composition.

RESULTSThe average NCs and SACs in milling site (16,566 pt/cm3, 106.082 µm2/cm3), packaging site (12,386 pt/cm3, 89.861 µm2/cm3), shipping site (13,808 pt/cm3, 102.071 µm2/cm3), and product storage room (17,192 pt/cm, 115.044 µm2/cm3) of the yellow powder (α-Fe2O3 . nH2O) were all significantly higher than the workplace background concentrations (11,420 pt/cm3, 85.026 µm2/cm3) (all P<0.05). The NC was highly correlated with the SAC (r= 0.784), while both NC and SAC were loosely correlated with the MC (r1=0.323, r2=0.331). Scanning electron microscopy revealed a spindle-like shape of the iron oxide nanoparticle; the chemical composition of the collected particles contained 19.33 weight percent iron (Fe).

CONCLUSIONThe milling site and product storage room of the yellow powder are exposed to a higher concentration of nanoparticles, which are mainly composed of iron oxide nanoparticles. The NC is highly correlated with the SAC.

ObjeclJve To definine the corresponding value to glycated albumin(GA)for a specific target of HbAlc,and to elvaluate the relationship between GA and HbA1c.Methods From Oct.2006 TO Apr.2009, 2 532 subjects were enrolled who accepted oral glucose tolerance test(OGtt)in out-patient department,including 898 with normal glucose regulation,695 with impaired glucose regulation,and 939 with newly-diagnosed diabetes.GA was measured with liquid enzymatic method.HbA1c was measured with high performance liquid chromatography method.The plasma glucose was measured at fasting,0.5 h,1 h,2 h,and 3h after glucose load.The correlation among GA,HbA1c and the other parameters monitored was analyzed.Results (1)The levels of HbA1c and GA in 2 532 subjects were(6.3±1.1)% and(17.9±4.5)%.The ratio of GA/HbA1c was 2.85±0.51.(2)HbAlc and GA were positively correlated with fasting,0.5 h,1 h,2 h and 3 h plasma glucose(r was in 0.567-0.776,atl P<0.01).(3)GA was significantly correlated with HbA1c(r=0.701,P<0.01).Linear regression analysis,using GA and HbA1c summarized by patient(n=2 532),produced a relationship of GA=2.871×HbA1c-0.112.The change in GA per increase of 1% HbA1c was 2.87%.When HbA1c level was 6.5%,the expected value of GA was 18.5%.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,and accuracy with GA≤18.5% to predict HbA1c≤6.5% were 82.32%,72.49%,86.48%.65.73%,and 79.19%,respectively.When HbA1c level was 7.0%,the expected value of GA was 20.O%.When HbA1c level was 7.5%.the expected value of GA was 21.4%.Conclusions We initially establish the corresponding value to GA for a specific target of HbA1c and provide the basis for clinical application.

Objective To compare the effects of fluvastatin and valsartan on the inflammatory cytokines in the early stage of type 2 diabetic nephropathy and their protective effects on to diabetic nephropathy. Methods Ninety patients with early stage of type 2 diabetic nephropathy were divided into three groups, 30 patients receiving routine hypoglycemic agents (DN1) as control,30 patients receiving routine hypoglycemic agents plus valsartan (DN2) and the other 30 receiving routine hypoglycemic agents plus fluvastatin (DN3). Blood glucose, blood lipid,serum creatinine and C reactive protein(CRP),24-hour urine protein,urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) and several inflammatory cytokine were measured before and after treatment. Results ( 1 ) No significant difference of the levels of serum CRP,TGF-β1,IL-6,TNF-α, IL-18 at the baseline were observedamong these three groups.In the DN2 group,after treatment,IL.6 was([15.99±2.87]ng/L and[17.64±2. 131 ,P <0. 05) ,TGF-β1 was ( [33.54 ±10. 69] μg/L and [40. 11 ± 12. 08] μg/L,t = -2. 921 ,P <0. 01 ),IL-18 was ( [139.65±66. 37] ng/L and [158.74±74. 20]ng/L,t = -2.053,P <0. 05),CRP was ( [5. 12±3. 54] mg/L and [6. 08 ±3. 39] mg/L, t = - 2. 072, P < 0. 05 ) after and before treatment, respectively. All abovemented indices significantly decreased after treatment. In the DN3 group, IL-6 was ( [15. 39 ±2. 77] ng/L ng/L,t = -3. 651 ,P <0. 01 ) ,TGF-β1 was ( [31.19 ±10. 48] μg/L and [37. 11± 11.76] μg/L,t = -2. 963,P<0.01),IL-18 was ([141.54 ±66.65] ng/L and [158.01±73.23] ng/L,t = -2. 182,P <0.05),CRP respectively. All abovemented indices significantly decreased after treatment No significant difference was observed on inflamaory factors after treatment between the DN2 and DN3 group ( P > 0. 05). (2) In the subgroup that there was no difference in blood pressure between before and after treatment in both the DN2 and DN3 group,in the DN3 group,UAER was ([63. 1 ±31.7] μg/min and[82.9±40.0] μg/min,t = -2. 145,P <0. 05) ,24 h total urokinase protein was ( [0. 14 ±0. 11] g/24 h and [0. 18±O. 15] g/24 h, t = - 2. 438, P <0. 05 ), microalbuminuria/urine creatinine was ( [ALb/Cr] [114. 7±68. 1] mg/g and [162.0±83.8] mg/g,t = - 2. 399, P < 0. 05 ) after and before treatment. All abovemention indices significantly decreased after treatment. In the DN3 group, UAER was ( [65.5 ±32. 6]μg/min and [83.5 ±42. 1]μg/min,t = - 2. 131, P <0. 05 ),24 h total urine protein was ( [0. 14 ±0. 11] g/24 h and [0. 18±0. 15] g/24 h, t = - 2. 438, P < 0. 05 ),0. 05 ) after and before treatment. All abovemention indices significantly decreased after treatment. No significant difference was observed after treatment between the DN2 and ON3 group ( P > 0. 05 ). Conclusion Both valsartan and fluvastatin are able to protect the renal function of patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy by decreasing the levels of urine proteins and correlated serum inflammatory cytokines.

We formulated a selective enrichment broth (SVV) for simultaneous growth of Salmonella, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio cholerae by single factor experiment and response surface method. We evaluated the enrichment effect of SVV by conventional culture method and real-time PCR assay. We obtained the SVV broth by supplementting the Buffered Peptone Water (BPW) with bile salt no. 3, potassium tellurite, and sodium citrate as inhibitors, and glucose, mannitol, snhydrous sodium sulfite and sodium pyruvate as accelerants. We also modified the concentration of sodium chloride in BPW. When mixed at equal or varied proportions, the target pathogens had a great accumulation (10(5)-10(8) CFU/mL) after incubated in SVV for 18 h at 37 degrees C with shaking. It can also effectively inhibit the competitive microflora. We detected 10 artificial simulated samples and 608 real samples using SVV with real-time PCR. After enriched in SVV for 18 h, the quantity of the bacteria in samples were above the detection limit. The SVV with PCR assay showed higher tested positive (4.06%) compared to that of the conventional detection method (3.78%) and there was no false report. In summary, SVV is a promising new multiplex selective enrichment broth that can be used in detection of seafood.
Culture Media ; Food Microbiology ; Salmonella ; growth & development ; Vibrio cholerae ; growth & development ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus ; growth & development

For the purpose of revealing the mechanism of the reduction of yeasts ethanol production rate after entrance of post-log phase, we used microarray to study expression profiles of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae during the transition from mid-log growth phase to post-log growth. The results demonstrate that the global pattern of gene expression is very stable during the mid-log phase. However, a dramatic metabolic remodeling was found when the yeast entries post-log phase, during which many of amino acid synthesis and metabolism related genes are up-regulated, moreover, ion transport, energy generation and storage related genes are also up regulated during this phase, while a large number of genes involved in transposition and DNA recombination are repressed. Central metabolic pathways also engage in metabolic remodeling, within which the genes involved in succinate and a-ketoglutarate synthesis pathways are up regulated, accordance with those of amino acid synthesis and metabolism. These results demonstrate that the increasing demand for amino acids in post-log phase lead to a metabolic transition into TCA cycle and glyoxylate cycle, which subsequently reduce the ethanol production rate. This suggests a global insight into the process of yeast ethanol fermentation.
Amino Acids ; biosynthesis ; Ethanol ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ; Ketoglutaric Acids ; metabolism ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; genetics ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Succinic Acid ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the optimal thresholds of the passing rate with different gamma measurement criteria (percent dose difference/DTA) based on the Delta 4 three-dimensional dosimetric verification system in the verification of volumetric modulated arc-therapy (VMAT) plan for cervical cancer.Methods Thirty clinically-approved dual-arc VMAT plans using the RapidArcTM (Varian Medical Systems Inc.) for cervical cancer were randomly selected.The gamma analysis and dose-volume histogram (DVH) evaluation were performed using Delta 4.All the plans were classified according to the following two criteria:1.If the absolute percentage dose errors of all specific dosimetry indices on the DVH were less than 5％,the plan was regarded as clinically acceptable.2.If the gamma passing rate was 90％ or 95％ under the criteria of 2％/2 mm and 3％/3 mm,the plan was regarded as acceptable.The sensitivity and specificity analyses were conducted based on the classification results and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted.By calculating the Youden Index,the optimal thresholds under different Gamma criteria (global and local 2％/2 mm and 3％/3 mm) were investigated.Finally,the ability of distinguishing the plan was clinically acceptable or not between the conventional and optimal thresholds was quantitatively compared according to the sensitivity and specificity analyses.Results The optimal thresholds under the global 3％/3 mm and 2％/2 mm criteria were 98.3％ and 87.05％;and 97.55％ 、86.05％ for the local gamma analysis.Compared with the conventional thresholds,the sensitivity of the optimal thresholds was 0.93 by using the global and local gamma analyses under the 3％/3 mm criterion.Under the 2％/2 mm criterion,the sensitivity of the optimal thresholds was 0.65 and the specificity was 0.49 by using the global gamma analysis.The sensitivity was 0.7 and the specificity was 0.46 by using the local gamma analysis,suggesting that the sensitivity and the specificity were more balanced under the 2％/2 mm criterion.Conclusions Application of the optimal thresholds in the verification of VMAT plans can maintain the balance between the sensitivity and specificity,prevent the harm of clinically unacceptable plans to patients to certain extent and reduce the probability of increasing the daily work load for physicists due to the misjudgement of clinically acceptable plans.

Objective To investigate the optimal gamma passing rate of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) dosimetric verification in the treatment of esophageal cancer using a three-dimensional dose verification system EDoseTM.Methods Twenty five esophageal cancer patients treated by 7-field IMRT were retrospectively reviewed.Measured dose distribution were reconstructed on CT image and evaluated by gamma analysis and DVH metrics using the EDoseTM system.Plans with DVH metrics dose difference ＜ 5％ or with gamma passing ＞ 90％ under 3％/3 mm criteria were accepted.The optimal gamma passing rate for criteria of 5％/3 mm,3％/3 mm,2％/2 mm were investigated by drawing the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calculating the Youden Index.The sensitivity and specificity of the these optimal thresholds in the plan verification were also analyzed.Results The optimal thresholds for global gamma indices with 5％/3 mm,3％/3 mm,2％/2 mm were 98.66％,94.84％,78.56％,respectively.In the 90％ common threshold,The sensitivity and specificity for common 90％ threshold and optimal threshold under 3％/3 mm criteria were 0.17 vs.0.85 and t 0.84 vs.0.27,respectively.The sensitivity and specificity were 0.89,0.65 and 0.23,0.47 for optimal thresholds under 5％/3 mm and 2％/2 mm criteria,respectively.Conclusions The sensitivity of optimal threshold gamma passing rate improved significantly compared with the common threshold (90％) at 3％/3 mm criteria.,The sensitivity and the specificity were more balanced at the 2％/2 mm criteria compared with those at 3％/3 mm criteria.

Objective:To systematically search and summarize the best evidence for the implementation and management of parenteral nutrition in critically ill patients.Methods:Based on the evidence-based medicine evidence structure, relevant evidence on the implementation and management of parenteral nutrition in critically ill patients was searched from top to bottom in Chinese and English databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) , VIP, British Medical Journal (BMJ) Best Practice, UpToDate and so on. The search period was from January 1, 2017 to July 31, 2022. Using the quality level of evidence and grade of recommendation system of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Evidence-Based Health Care Center in Australia, two researchers conducted literature quality evaluation and evidence summary.Results:A total of 19 articles were included, including 2 clinical decisions, 3 clinical practice guidelines, 11 expert consensuses, 2 systematic reviews, and 1 retrospective case-control study. A total of 9 themes were summarized, including the establishment of a multidisciplinary team, indications for parenteral nutrition, nutritional assessment, parenteral nutrition start time, parenteral nutrition stop time, selection and evaluation of vascular pathways, selection of infusion devices, observation of infusion processes and complications, with a total of 29 best evidences.Conclusions:The safe implementation and management of parenteral nutrition support for critically ill patients is of great significance for improving patient health outcomes. Medical and nursing staff should establish a standardized evidence-based parenteral nutrition support process to improve the safety of parenteral nutrition implementation in critically ill patients.

Objective:To explore the self-conscious health status and related influencing factors of greenhouse agricultural workers in Beijing suburb, so as to provide scientific basis for developing strategies to improve and promote the occupational health conditions of those workers.Methods:According to the production characteristics and scale of the main agricultural districts or counties in the suburb of Beijing, 182 agricultural production personnel were randomly selected to investigate the general situation, occupational situation and self-conscious health status during June 2018 to December 2019. The relevant factors which may affect the self-conscious health conditions were also analyzed by statistical methods.Results:The detection or reported rate of self-conscious health problems was 51.6% (94/182) , among which 29.1% (53/182) workers reported musculoskeletal disorder diseases and 21.4% (39/182) workers reported nervous system diseases. And the self-conscious health status of greenhouse agricultural workers were statistically different in household registration, gender, marital status, working years, mixing or spraying pesticides, smoking or eating in the greenhouse ( P<0.05) . Moreover, gender, mixing or spraying pesticide, eating and smoking behavior in the workplace all had an impact on the risk of self-conscious health status of greenhouse agricultural workers ( P< 0.05) . Specifically, male is the protective factor to reduce the occurrence of self-conscious symptoms of greenhouse agricultural workers ( OR=0.447, 95% CI: 0.234~0.852) , while mixing or spraying pesticides and smoking or eating behaviors in the workplace are the risk factors ( OR=1.055, 2.524; 95% CI: 0.503~2.210, 1.107~5.755) . Conclusion:Reducing pesticide use from the source thus minimize related exposure opportunities, strengthening occupational health education thus foster good hygienic habits and improve individual protection consciousness are of great significance for the health protection of greenhouse agricultural workers in Beijing suburb.