Objective Analyse the causes,diagnosis and treatment for delayed hemorrhage after distal radical gastrectomy.Methods Retrospective study on 45 patients combined with intro-abdominal hemorrhage after distal radical gastrectomy from January 2008 to June 2013.Results Thirteen patients combined with delayed hemorrhage in these 45 patients,all of 13 patients had intro-abdominal hemorrhage in 1week to 4 weeks after operation.And 5 of the 13 patiens were intermittent intro-abdominal hemorrhage 1 week after operation,these patients were demonstrated the blood come from gastroduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm fracture by CT and DSA examine,and they were cured by interventional embolization.Other 8 patients were marginal ulcer hemorrhage diagnosed by gastroscope,and they stoped bleeding with the help of gastroscope.Conclusions The causes of delayed hemorrhage after distal radical gastrectomy were complicated,and CT,DSA and endoscope can use for diagnosis.What was more,interventional embolization and endoscope were helpful for curing the intro-abdominal hemorrhage,avoiding re-operation.

Objective To define the heterogeneous changes of ion channels in the noninfarcted myocardium after myocardial infarction in rabbit and effects of imidapril.Mehods Rabbits with left coronary artery ligation were prepared and allowed to recover for 8 wk.Myocytes were isolated from subendocardial,midmyocardial and subepicardial regions of the noninfarcted left ventricular free wall.Ion currents were recorded with whole-cell patch clamp way.Results The densities of the transient outward K+ currents (I to) and the inward rectifier K+ currents (I K1) were greatly reduced in midmyocardium and subepicardium while two currents reduced gently in subendocardium.The densities of the delayed rectifier K+ currents (I K) were reduced in noninfarcted three layers similarly.Imidapril could reverse the changes of membrane currents in healed myocardial infarction cells and depress the dispersion of repolarization.Conclusions The heterogeneities of K currents are enhanced in noninfarcted area.Normalization of heterogeneous changes of repolarization after treatment with imidapril was observed.

Arterial stiffness plays a major role in the pathogenesis of numerous age-related diseases.Pulse wave velocity, distensibility, wave reflection, and pulse pressure are used to assess arterial stiffness, but the features and clinical significance of each parameter are different.Combined application of these parameters can comprehensively evaluate arterial stiffness.This review summarizes the methods and research progress of noninvasive assessment of arterial stiffness.

Objective:To investigate the difference of physical growth and neurodevelopmen between small for gestational age (SGA) preterm infants and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) preterm infants, and to promote follow-up management and early intervention in SGA preterm infants after discharge.Methods:Preterm infants, who were born at Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center and received regular follow-up management after discharge in high-risk infants outpatient, were enrolled in this study from January 2015 to December 2018.According to gestational age and birth weight, the participants were divided into SGA group and AGA group.Height, weight, head circumference and Gesell outcomes of infants were observed at 6 months and 12 months of corrected age.Results:A total of 144 preterm infants were included in the study, including 63 cases in SGA group and 81 cases in AGA group. Height, weight and head circumference of the SGA group at 6 months and 12 months of corrected age were all lower than the AGA group ( P<0.05). In addition, adaptability, great movement, language, personal social interaction and development quotient in the SGA group were all lower than those in the AGA group at 6 months of corrected age ( P<0.05), while fine movement was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). At 12 months of corrected age, there were no statistically significant differences in adaptability, macro motor, fine motor, language, social interaction and development quotient between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The physical growth of SGA preterm infants falls for behind that of AGA preterm infants.It is still unable for SGA preterm infants to achieve catch-up growth at 12 months of corrected age, their catch-up period may take longer, but the neurodevelopment can reach the same level of preterm AGA.The clinician should pay more attention to the follow-up management and early intervention after discharge.

Surgical resection in patients with advanced primary carcinoma of liver has high risks of early recurrence and incidence of portal vein tumor thrombus, caused by insufficient resi-dual liver volume after two-steps hepatotomy. At present, the treatment for patients with advanced primary carcinoma of liver is limited, thus can't satisfy the requirement of patient for treatment. The authors introduce the clinical experience of a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma and insufficient residual liver volume who underwent preventive immunotherapy plus target therapy after associa-ting liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy, in order to provide reference for relevant treatment.

Objective:To explore the short-term outcomes of reconstruction of tumorous critical bone defects at femoral shaft with a 3D printed ultra-short stem with a porous structure.Methods:From September 2016 to June 2018, 8 patients underwent reconstruction of critical bone defects with a 3D printed ultra-short stem with a porous structure after resection of femoral shaft malignant tumor at Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital. There were 4 males and 4 females, with an average age of 36.9 years (from 11 to 61 years). Their preoperative Enneking staging was stage Ⅱb in all. There were 3 osteosarcomas, 2 Ewing sarcomas, 2 chondrosarcomas and one periosteal osteosarcoma. Preoperative CT/MRI image fusion technology was used to define the surgical boundary, design the guide plate and prosthesis, and perform surgical simulation. Tomosynthesis-shimadzu Metal Artefact Reduction technology was used to evaluate osseointegration. Complications and bone oncology prognosis of the patients were documented. The lower limb function of the patients was evaluated using Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) 1993 scoring and knee range of motion.Results:The overall follow-up time ranged from 36 to 50 months, averaging 42.8 months. During operation one patient sustained a periprosthesis fracture, the union of which was followed up after wire assisted fixation. There was no local tumor recurrence, lung metastasis or death. The last follow-up revealed good osseointegration and basically isometric lower extremities in all cases. There was no such a complication as aseptic loosening of the prosthesis, deep infection or prosthesis fracture during the follow-up period. At the last follow-up in the 8 patients, the flexion range of the knee joint was 116.2°±9.1°, significantly improved compared with that before operation (98.8°±10.9°), and the MSTS score was (26.2±2.1) points, also significantly improved compared with that before operation [(21.6±1.8) points] ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Reconstruction with a 3D printed ultra-short stem with a porous structure is an accurate operation for femoral shaft tumorous bone defects. With careful preoperative design, intraoperative manipulation and strict postoperative follow-up management, this operation can lead to fine early curative outcomes for long shaft critical bone defects.

Objective To compare the cumulative analgesic effects of electroacupuncture at Sanyinjiao (SP6), Xuanzhong (GB39) and non-acupoint in treating primary dysmenorrhea. Method By adopting a multi-centered randomized controlled study method, 501 patients recruited from Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Capital Medical University, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huguosi Hospital of Chinese Medicine of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and the Outpatient of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were randomized into a Sanyinjiao group, a Xuanzhong group, and a non-acupoint group, 167 subjects in each group. The electroacupuncture intervention was applied when dysmenorrhea flared up and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ≥40 mm, with frequency at 2/100 Hz and intensity during patient’s endurance, 30 min each time, once a day, and for successive 3 d. Before the first treatment, 30 min after the first treatment, and respectively prior to the second and third treatment, VAS was used to measure the pain intensity. Meanwhile, the Retrospective Symptom Scale (RSS-COX 2) was investigated before the first treatment, right after the removal of needles for the first treatment, before the second and third treatment. Result The decrease of VAS in Sanyinjiao group was more significant than that in Xuanzhong group and non-acupoint group (MD=﹣2.92 mm, P=0.028; MD=﹣3.47 mm, P=0.009), while there was no significant difference between Xuanzhong group and non-acupoint group (MD=﹣0.56 mm, P=0.674); there were no significant differences in comparing the RSS-COX2 total score among the three groups (P=0.086). Conclusion Sanyinjiao (SP6) can produce a more significant cumulative analgesic effect for primary dysmenorrhea patient than Xuanzhong and non-acupoint, and the effects of Xuanzhong and non-acupoit are equivalent.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-apoptotic activity of pORF5 plasmid protein of Chlamydia trachomatis,so as to provide an experimental basis for further clarifying the pathogenesis of Chlamydia trachomatis.Methods HeLa cells were divided into two groups:carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP,an apoptosis inducer) group was stimulated by CCCP for 30 minutes,and pORF5 + CCCP group was pretreated with pORF5 plasmid protein for 18 hours followed by CCCP for 30 minutes.Then,Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of apoptosisrelated proteins Bcl-2,Bax and caspase-3,JC-1 fluorescent probe was used to detect changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential in HeLa cells,and cytochrome c release from mitochondria was analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence assay.To analyze whether high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein participated in the anti-apoptotic role of pORF5 plasmid protein,HMGB 1 shRNA and control RNA were separately transfected into the HeLa cells,which were then stimulated by pORF5 plasmid protein and CCCP.Then,the protein expression of Bcl-2,Bax,activated caspase-3 was determined,and cytochrome c release was analyzed.Data were compared between two groups by using paired t test.Results pORF5 plasmid protein could antagonize the CCCP-induced decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential,and the red/green fluorescence intensity ratio was significantly lower in the CCCP group (0.4 ± 0.1) than in the pORF5 + CCCP group (1.7 ± 0.3;t =6.95,P ＜ 0.01).The protein expression of Bcl-2 in the HeLa cells in the pORF5 + CCCP group was 5.3 ± 0.6 times more than that in the CCCP group (t =8.62,P ＜ 0.01),while the protein expression of Bax and activated caspase-3 in the pORF5 + CCCP group significantly decreased by 79％ ± 10％ (t =9.23,P ＜ 0.01) and 75％ ± 8％ (t =4.26,P ＜ 0.05) respectively compared with the CCCP group.Compared with the control RNA transfection group,the HMGB1 shRNA transfection group showed significantly decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in the HeLa cells (t =11.23,P ＜ 0.01),increased cytochrome c release,decreased Bcl-2 expresson (t =7.19,P ＜ 0.05) and increased Bax expression (t =13.06,P ＜ 0.01) after stimulation with pORF5 and CCCP.Conclusion Chlamydia trachomatis plasmid protein pORF5 plays an anti-apoptosis role by blocking the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway through HMGB1 protein.

Parvalbumin interneurons belong to the major types of GABAergic interneurons. Although the distribution and pathological alterations of parvalbumin interneuron somata have been widely studied, the distribution and vulnerability of the neurites and fibers extending from parvalbumin interneurons have not been detailly interrogated. Through the Cre recombinase-reporter system, we visualized parvalbumin-positive fibers and thoroughly investigated their spatial distribution in the mouse brain. We found that parvalbumin fibers are widely distributed in the brain with specific morphological characteristics in different regions, among which the cortex and thalamus exhibited the most intense parvalbumin signals. In regions such as the striatum and optic tract, even long-range thick parvalbumin projections were detected. Furthermore, in mouse models of temporal lobe epilepsy and Parkinson's disease, parvalbumin fibers suffered both massive and subtle morphological alterations. Our study provides an overview of parvalbumin fibers in the brain and emphasizes the potential pathological implications of parvalbumin fiber alterations.
Mice ; Animals ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/pathology* ; Parvalbumins/metabolism* ; Parkinson Disease/pathology* ; Neurons/metabolism* ; Interneurons/physiology* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Brain/pathology*