Objective To investigated cerebral structural connectivity and its relationship to neuroleptic-na?ve individuals with first episode early-onset schizophrenia using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) which could demonstrate the white matter integrity . Methods We recruited subjects with first episode DSM-Ⅳearly-onset schizophrenia who had never been exposed to antipsychotic medication(n=19) and sex ,age-matched healthy volunteers (n= 19) .All subjects received DTI and structural magnetic resonance imaging scans .Voxel-based analysis was performed to investigate brain regions fractional anisotropy (FA) values .Results Statistics revealed that schizophrenia patients showed significant FA reduction in left inferior frontal gyrus ,left temporal gyrus ,left occipital lobe and right middle temporal gyrus as compared to healthy subjects .Conclusion Deficits of white matter integrity in widespread brain regions of the first episode neuroleptic-na?ve early-onset schizophrenia patients .The presence of white matter abnormalities in the early-onset patients is suggestive of being related to the etilology of schizophrenia .

Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of intranasal dexmedetomidine on agita-tion during emergence from general anesthesia with sevoflurane in pediatric patients. Methods Pubmed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, Wan-Fang databases were searched for randomized controlled trials involving the effect of intranasal dexmedetomidine on agitation during emergence from general anesthesia with sevoflurane in pediatric patients from the start of their data-base until June 2017, and the reference lists of all included studies were checked manually. Data were ex-tracted independently by two reviewers, and primary evaluation indexes included the incidence of emergence agitation and sedation score. Secondary evaluation indexes included emergence time, extubation time, du-ration of post-anesthesia care unit stay, postoperative consumption of analgesics, incidence of adverse reac-tions ( such as bradycardia, nausea and vomiting, pruritus, laryngeal spasm) during recovery from anes-thesia. The quality of methodology of included studies was assessed. Meta-analysis was conducted with Rev-Man 5. 3 software. Results Eight randomized controlled trials involving 520 pediatric patients were includ-ed in this meta-analysis. Compared with placebo group, the incidence of emergence agitation was signifi-cantly decreased, sedation score was increased, extubation time was prolonged ( P<0. 05) , no significant change was found in the duration of post-anesthesia care unit stay or incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in intranasal dexmedetomidine group ( P>0. 05) . The emergence time was prolonged in intranasal 0. 3-1. 0 μg∕kg dexmedetomidine group ( P<0. 05 ) , and no significant change was found in emergence time in intranasal dexmedetomidine 1. 0-2. 0μg∕kg group ( P>0. 05) . Conclusion Intranasal dexmedeto-midine can decrease the occurrence of agitation during emergence from general anesthesia with sevoflurane and raise the quality of emergence in pediatric patients.

The influence of angled abutments on stress of peri-implant bone is a controversial issue. It is widely accepted that the use of angled abutments will increase adverse stress distributions on implants and surrounding bones. However, comparisons of clinical success rates of implants restored with angled and straight abutments indicate no significant differences. This review summarized the clinical application and biomechanical research associated with angled abutments. The use of angled abutments did not detrimentally affect the retention of dental implants, and tt was possible that the magnitude of stress within peri-implant bone increased or decreased under different conditions. Therefore, further researches should be conducted to confirm that favorable peri-implant stress levels may be induced if suitable angulation of abutments is selected.

Objective:To understand the etiology and clinical characteristics of hospitalized severe community-acquired pneumonia(SCAP) in Changchun, and provide scientific basis for its etiology diagnosis and targeted treatment.Methods:The study subjects included 618 children with clinical diagnosis of SCAP who were hospitalized from January 2016 to December 2019.We collected pharyngeal swabs and alveolar lavage fluid from children.Virus isolation, bacterial culture, time-of-flight mass spectrometry, PCR/RT-PCR, colloidal gold method and Optochin test were used to detect the antigen, nucleic acid and protein profiles in the specimen.Results:There were more boys than girls in hospitalized children with SCAP.The peak age of onset was 7 to 12 months.Most cases occurred in winter and spring.The highest detection rate of SCAP virus was 56.15%(347/618); 73.49%(255/347) were positive for one virus, among which the top five were respiratory syncytial virus (27.8%), influenza A virus (23.9%), influenza B virus (16.1%), rhinovirus (12.2%) and metapneumovirus (10.2%). Two viruses were positive for 19.88%(69/347); three viruses were positive for 4.32%(15/347); four viruses were positive for 2.31%(8/347). Atypical microbial infections were 29.77%(184/618), of which Mycoplasma pneumoniae accounted for 95.65%(176/184). Bacterial infections were 17.31%(107/618), mainly Streptococcus pneumoniae(39.25%, 42/107) and Staphylococcus aureus(24.30%, 26/107). The mixed infection of multiple pathogens was 7.61%(47/618), among which the mixed infection rates of Mycoplasma pneumonia with Streptococcus pneumoniae, virus were 40.43% and 34.04%, respectively.High fever, faster breathing, and perioral cyanosis were risk factors for SCAP, with OR and 95% CI of 7.71 and 4.56-13.04, 2.43 and 2.02-2.93, 3.53 and 2.56-4.86, respectively.Viral co-infection occurred in 36.96%(34/92) of complications such as heart failure, toxic encephalopathy, and myocardial damage; Mycoplasma pneumoniae and other pathogens co-infected 35.29% of children with pleural effusion. Conclusion:The pathogens of SCAP in Changchun are mainly viruses notably, respiratory syncytial virus is the dominant pathogen, followed by Mycoplasma pneumoniae.The bacterial pathogen is mainly Streptococcus pneumoniae.High fever, faster breathing, and cyanosis around the mouth are risk factors for severe pneumonia.Multi-pathogen mixed infection is prone to serious complications.

Arterial stiffness plays a major role in the pathogenesis of numerous age-related diseases.Pulse wave velocity, distensibility, wave reflection, and pulse pressure are used to assess arterial stiffness, but the features and clinical significance of each parameter are different.Combined application of these parameters can comprehensively evaluate arterial stiffness.This review summarizes the methods and research progress of noninvasive assessment of arterial stiffness.

Purpose To evaluate the fatty infiltration of lower limbs by using iterative decomposition of water and fat with asymmetry and least squares estimation quantitative fat imaging(IDEAL-IQ)technique in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy(IIM)patients,and to analyze the correlation between muscle fat fraction(FF)and clinical assessments.Materials and Methods Thirty-two patients with IIM were diagnosed by muscle biopsy and 32 age-,gender-matched healthy volunteers(control group)were recruited.T1WI,T2WI in axial view and IDEAL-IQ sequence of thighs were scanned on each subject.FF values of the anterior,interior and posterior thigh muscles were measured on the FF image generated in the IDEAL-IQ sequence,and medical research council scale score of the IIM group were collected.The difference of muscle FF value between the IIM group and control group was compared,the correlation between FF value and muscle strength of thigh muscles was also analyzed.Results The mean FF values of anterior,interior and posterior thigh muscles in IIM group were 16.60±3.67,6.77±4.92 and 17.32±4.01,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in control group(2.58±2.57,1.40±0.64 and 1.57±0.19),with statistically significant differences(t=-7.29,-6.91,-4.85;all P<0.05).Spearman test showed that the mean FF value was significantly correlated with course of disease(r=0.587,P<0.001).The mean FF values of anterior,interior and posterior thigh muscles were significantly correlated with muscle strength(r=-0.885,-0.761,-0.594;all P<0.001).Conclusion The IDEAL-IQ technique can quantitatively and objectively analyze the severity of muscle fat infiltration in IIM patients,and its degree is correlated with the muscle strength,which has significant clinical application value.

Objective To investigate the effect of capillary electrophoresis﹣based multiplex PCR ( CEMP) in detecting pathogens for children respiratory tract infection,and to provide scientific basis for clin﹣ical diagnosis and treatment rapidly and accurately. Methods The cases were defined according to the na﹣tional monitoring program of febrile respiratory syndrome during the 12th Five﹣Year Plan,and the samples were collected from nasopharyngeal swabs,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and sputum of children with respira﹣tory tract infection hospitalized in Changchun Children′s Hospital from January 2017 to February 2018. Multi﹣plex PCR amplification was performed by one﹣step method, then PCR products were separated by DNA length size with capillary electrophoresis and pathogens were analyzed by"Genemapper software" software. Detecting pathogens included Influenza A virus (InfA),Human Adenovirus (HADV),Boca virus ( Boca), Human Rhinovirus ( HRV), Novel InfA﹣09H1 ( InfA﹣09H1 ) and Seasonal Influenza virus H3N2 ( InfA﹣H3N2),Parainfluenza virus ( HPIV),Human metapneumonia virus ( HMPV), Influenza B virus ( InfB), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp),Chlamydia pneumoniae ( CP),Human Coronavirus ( HCOV),Human Re﹣spiratory Syncytial virus (HRSV). Results The effective detection rate of the CEMP assay was 95. 71%. The positive detection rate of respiratory tract pathogens was 62. 84% and the mixed infection rate was 9. 61%. The mixed infection was mainly InfA and HRSV. The highest three positive rates were named InfA, HRSV and Mp. The positive rate of HRSV was significantly higher in the 0﹣3 age group than that in older group. Different pathogens were detected in different age groups,and the high﹣occurrence season of respiratory tract infection with virus was from December to March of the next year. InfA﹣09H1 was the main prevalent influenza virus in January,February and March 2017,InfA﹣H3N2 was the main prevalent influenza virus in November and December 2017,and the outbreak of InfB was happened in Changchun in late 2017 and early 2018. HRSV was detected only in the coldest season in Changchun from November to March of the next year. Different pathogens were detected in different respiratory infection. HRSV was the main pathogen detec﹣ted in pneumonia; InfA﹣03H2 and HPIV were the main pathogens detected in acute bronchitis; HRV and InfA were the main pathogens detected in upper respiratory tract infection. Conclusion CEMP is an effi﹣cient,rapid and accurate method for the detection of pathogens in patients with respiratory tract infections,and it will have a broad application prospect to develop reagents suitable for clinical diagnosis.

The low expression rate of exogenous genes in cyanobacteria is one of the bottlenecks of cyanobacteria genetic engineering. The T7 RNA polymerase expression system has achieved the efficient expression of exogenous genes in Escherichia coli. Cyanobacteria and E. coli are both Gram-negative bacteria with high genetic homology. The construction of T7 RNA polymerase expression system in cyanobacteria may improve the expression of foreign genes. In order to construct the T7 RNA polymerase expression system in Anabaena sp. PCC 7120, methods such as overlapping extension PCR and digestion-ligation technique were used to construct a site-specific integration vector pEASY-T1-F1-TacT7RNAPCmR-F2 and a shuttle expression vector pRL-T7-hG-CSF. The site-specific integration vector is capable of expressing T7 RNA polymerase, and the shuttle expression vector expresses hG-CSF driven by the T7 promoter. Then we introduced the site-specific integration vector into the wild type cyanobacteria by electroporation and transferred the shuttle expression vector into the site-integrated transgenic cyanobacteria by triparental conjugative transfer. In the end, we identified the presence of foreign genes in cyanobacteria by PCR, tested the transcription level of foreign genes in cyanobacteria by RT-PCR, and detected the protein expression of foreign genes in cyanobacteria by Western blotting. The two vectors were successfully constructed, the T7 RNA polymerase gene and hG-CSF gene were transferred into cyanobacteria well, and both genes were also expressed in cyanobacteria. In summary, the T7 RNA polymerase expression system was successfully constructed in cyanobacteria, and the expression rate of hG-CSF gene was doubled than the traditional cyanobacteria expression systems. This expression system will provide a better tool for the application of cyanobacteria genetic engineering and will promote the development of cyanobacteria as a chassis cell in the fields of synthetic biology in the future.
Anabaena/genetics* ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases ; Escherichia coli/genetics* ; Gene Expression ; Mercury ; Plasmids ; Viral Proteins

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy of Gandouling tablet （GDL） on abnormal lipid metabolism in Wilson's disease （WD） and the correlation between the prediction model of hepatic steatosis and the related indexes of lipid metabolism in WD. MethodA total of 86 patients with abnormal lipid metabolism in WD were selected. The 24-hour urine copper， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， serum triglyceride （TG）， total cholesterol （TC）， apolipoprotein B （ApoB）， low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， bile acid （BA）， γ-glutamyl transferase （GGT）， prediction model of hepatic steatosis ［hepatic steatosis index （HSI） and Zhejiang University index （ZJU index）］， ultrasonic attenuation coefficient imaging （ATT）， and traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome score were statistically analyzed before treatment. Pearson correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between TG， TC， LDL-C， ApoB， ALT， AST， ALT/AST， BA， GGT， TCM syndrome score， ATT， and HIS and ZJU. The patients were divided into an observation group and a control group by random number table method， with 43 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with GDL combined with sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate （DMPS）， while the control group was only treated with DMPS as a control. After six courses of treatment， 24-hour urine copper， TC， TG， LDL-C， ApoB， HSI， ZJU， ATT， TCM syndrome score， and clinical efficiency before and after treatment were observed and compared between the two groups. The correlation between HSI and ZJU and serum TC， TG， LDL-C， ApoB， ALT， AST， ALT/AST， BA， GGT， TCM syndrome scores， and ATT was analyzed. ResultPearson correlation analysis showed that serum TC （r = 0.811）， TG （r = 0.826）， LDL-C （r = 0.802）， ApoB （r = 0.820）， ALT （r = 0.497）， ALT/AST （r = 0.826）， TCM syndrome score （r = 0.716）， and ATT （r = 0.736） were positively correlated with HSI （P<0.01）， while AST， BA， and GGT had no significant correlation with HSI. TC （r = 0.718）， TG （r = 0.765）， LDL-C （r = 0.667）， ApoB （r = 0.699）， ALT/AST （r = 0.403）， TCM syndrome score （r = 0.666）， and ATT （r = 0.684） were positively correlated with ZJU （P<0.01）. ALT， AST， BA， and GGT had no significant correlation with ZJU. The total effective rate of the observation group was 86.05 （37/43）， and that of the control group was 72.09% （31/43）. The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group （Z = -2.301， P<0.05）. After treatment， the 24-hour urine copper of the two groups increased significantly. The levels of TC， TG， LDL-C， and ApoB were significantly decreased， and the HSI， ZJU， and ATT were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Compared with those in the control group after treatment， the above indexes improved better in the observation group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionGDL can effectively improve the level of copper and lipid metabolism in patients with WD， with high clinical safety and good clinical application value. The prediction model of hepatic steatosis can effectively reflect the degree of abnormal lipid metabolism in WD.

OBJECTIVE To study the effects and m echanism of eriocalyxin B （EriB）on epithelial -mesenchymal transition （EMT）of colon cancer cells . METHODS The colon cancer cells HT 29 and HCT 116 as research objects . Scratch-healing assay and Transwell assay were used to detect the effects of EriB on migration and invasion of two kinds of cells . Western blot method was used to detect the effects of EriB （1.0 μmol/L），EriB+Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway agonist Licl （1.0 μmol/L EriB+ 10 mmol/L Licl）or EriB+Wnt/ β-catenin signaling pathway inhibitor XAV 939（1.0 μmol/L EriB+ 10 μmol/L XAV 939）on the expressions of EMT related proteins [E-cadherin，N-cadherin，Snail] and Wnt/ β-catenin signaling pathway related proteins [β-catenin，c-myc， cyclin D 1，TCF4]. RESULTS EriB can significantly inhibit the invasion and migration of two kinds of cells （P＜0.01）. EriB significantly reduced the protein expressions of N -cadherin，Snail，β-catenin，c-myc，cyclin D 1 and TCF 4 while increases the protein expression of E -cadherin（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. After EriB combined with Licl ，the protein expressions of β-catenin，c- myc，cyclin D 1 and TCF 4 in the two kinds of cells were reverse d（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. After combined with XAV 939，the protein expressions of β-catenin and N -cadherin were further down -regulated（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；the protein expression of E -cadherin was further up -regulated（P＜0.01），while migration rate was decreased significantly （P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS EriB can inhibit the epithelial -mesenchymal transition of colon 19SXHZ0351） cancer cells by inhibiting the activation of Wnt/ β -catenin