The current incidence of malignant tumors is increasing.Although we have been exploring the mechanism of tumor development and its treatment,its efficacy is little.Malignant tumor development mechanism is very complex,and a variety of proteins and genes involved.Connective tissue growth factor(CTGF,also known as CCN2)is a secreted protein,a member of the CCN family,which plays a very important role in the development and progression of tumors.This article summarizes the structure and function of CTGF /CCN2 protein,the mechanism of action in the development of malignant tumors and the latest research progress in targeted therapy.

8 trace elements including Cu, P, Zn, Mg, Fe, Ca, Mn, and Ba were determined in 60 volunteers and 41 patients with endemic fluorosis. The results showed that in the patient's group serum Cu was substantially higher and serum Zn as well as Fe were lower while hair Cu and Mg were both significantly elevated as compared with controls.Based on the results mentioned above, it may be suggested that hair could be used as an alternative source for clinical measurement of trace elements because of its easy availability. The significance of the changes in the 8 trace elements was also discussed, but the pathological mechanism has been unknown yet.

Objective To study the effectiveness of laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation in the application of primary liver cancer.Methods 92 patients with primary liver cancer were randomly divided into the two groups,the control group(n=46)and the observation group(n=46).The control group was operated through hepatectomy,while the observation group was operated through laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation.The recurrence rate,survival time, quality of life in the two groups were observed.Results Separately on the recurrent tumor of different diameter were compared between the two groups,no significant difference in relapse rate(χ2 =2.14,1.92,all P>0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in 3,12,24 months about survival cases (χ2 =1.24,1.96,2.08,all P>0.05 ).To compute the expected survival rate with Kaplan Meier method,the control group survival time was 22.3 months,the observation group survival time was 21.1 months,no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05 ).The two groups after operation in 3 months,the quality of life of patients all patients were increased,and the observation group improved significantly,compared with the control group (t=2.676,P<0.05 ).Conclusion Laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation had quite effect and liver resection operation curative,but can improve the quality of life.

Objective To investigate the change of interleukin-5(IL-5)level and mRNA expression in peripheral blood from asthma patients during paracmasis before and after administration of taurine,and explore its clinical significance.Methods A randomized,placebo control,double blind and prospective study was conduced in 84 patients with mild to moderate asthma During paracmasis.The patients were randomly divided into group A(taurine taken orally for one year from beginning of paracmasis)and group B(placebo taken orally for one year from beginning of paracmasis).The symptom score of asthma,lung function paramcter(FEVI),IL-5 level and mRNA expression in peripheral blood were measured and rccorded before and after treatment.The results were compared with those of healthy control group(group C,n=10).Results There were significant differences in the above indices between group A and group B:symptom score of asthma(12.5 + 4.8 vs 15.2±5.1);lung function parameter[FEV1(L)2.6±0.5 vs 2.2±0.8];IL-5 level(pg/mL)(16.3±4.5 vs 26.9 ±12.7);IL-5 mRNA(0.21 ± 0.09 vs 0.35 ± 0.14).The basic level and mRNA expression of IL-5 were significantly higher in group A and group B than that in group C.The serum level and mRNA expression of IL-5 were positively correlative with symptom score of asthma in group A(r=0.42,P＜0.05).Conclusion The exists ovcrexpression of IL-5 in asthma patients during paracmasis and IL-5 level reflects the scverity of pathogenetic condition.Therefore,IL-5 measurement may provide a good reference for clinical therapy of asthma.

One hundred carotid arteries were investigated with both Duplex and DSA.The accuracy of Duplex was acceptable.Systolic peak frequency and the appearance of spectral broadening were used toanalyse the Doppler spectrum.The sensitivity,and specificity were satisfactory to identify internal carotidstenosis particularly critical stenosis.The results show that duplex scanning is a reliable noninvasive ex-amination method for internal carotid stenosis.

With the advent of post-genomic era, identification of protein-protein interaction has become another hot spot of protein research and promoted the invention, development and complement of relative techniques. Major large-scale high-throughput methods, such as two-hybrid system, bacteriophage display, mass spectrometry, protein microchips and bioinformatics have provided a global view of protein-protein interaction, and are hopeful to play an important role in proteomics. Each method may have its specific strengths and weaknesses as well as differences in coverage, to some extent, the data based on these methods can complete each other. Here, recent progress of these large-scale high-throughput methods and their applications for studying protein-protein interaction are reviewed.

Objective To explore the effects of andrographolide(AD) on proliferation inhibition ,cells cycle distribution and the expression of Bax and Bcl‐2 mRNA in human tongue squamous cell carcinoma Tca8113 cells .Methods MTT was used to measure the levels of the proliferation of Tca8113 cells cultured with different concentraions of AD .Cell cycles were analyzed by flow cytom‐etry .RT‐polymerase chain reaction(RT‐PCR)technique was used to evaluate Bcl‐2 mRNA and Bax mRNA expression .Results An‐drographolide inhibited Tca8113 cells growth in a time and dose‐dependent manner ,the IC50 was 74 .66 μg/mL .A feature of apop‐tosis was observed under microscope .With a increase in concentration and increase in time ,the cells in G0/G1 phase increased from (39 .45 ± 0 .65)% to (63 .70 ± 0 .65)% ,the cells in S phase decreased from (56 .55 ± 0 .64)% to (32 .28 ± 0 .54)% .Statistics showed tha the cells arrested in G0/G1 phase .It was statistially significant in comparison with the control group (P< 0 .01) .AD could up‐regulate the experssion of Bax mRNA ,and AD could down‐regulate the experssion of Bcl‐2 mRNA .Conclusion An‐drographolide inhibited the growth of Tca8113 cells and increased the cell apoptosis .It may be promising as a new drug for treat‐ment of tongue squamous cell carcinoma .

Recently,much interest has been focused on the clinical application and biology of tumor-derived DNA in the plasma/serum of cancer patients.Such interest has resulted in the demonstration of human papillomavirus(HPV) DNA in the plasma/serum of patients with cervical cancer(CC).The studies used different materials(plasma /serum),different DNA extraction methods and different primers to detect circulating free HPV DNA,so the positive rates varied from(6.9%) to 50%.The HPV DNA in the plasma/serum of patients suffering from CC most likely originates from the tumor itself,which will probably provide us with a new tool for CC monitoring after primary treatment,especially in patients in advanced stages.It is expected that this promising molecular tumor marker would soon be put into routine clinical use.

Objective To construct a bait plasmid in bacterial two-hybrid system.Methods A cDNA fragment encoding for rat AMP-activated protein kinase ?2(AMPK?2) was amplified by PCR and inserted into bacterial expression vector pBT.After confirmation with restricted endonuclease digestion and sequence analysis,bacterial reporter strain XL-1 Blue MRF' was transformed with pBT-AMPK?2 plasmid and the expression of the recombinant bait fusion protein was detected.To test whether the bait fusion protein had the capability of self-activation,the XL-1 Blue MRF' cells were cotransformed with the pBT-AMPK?2 plasmid and empty pTRG vector,and screened on 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole(3-AT) Selective Screening Medium plates.Results Restriction digestion and sequence analysis revealed that the AMPK?2 code sequence was correctly inserted into pBT with a right reading frame.pBT-AMPK?2 expressed ?cI/AMPK?2 fusion protein.Colonies were obtained on no 3-AT Nonselective Screening Medium plates when XL-1 Blue MRF' cells were cotransformed with recombinant pBT-AMPK?2 and empty pTRG vector,while none grew on 3-AT plates,indicating that the recombinant plasmid pBT-AMPK?2 expressed AMPK?2/?cI fusion protein correctly,and was incapable of activation of the reporter cassette in the absence of an interaction partner.Conclusion The recombinant plasmid pBT-AMPK?2 could be used as "bait plasmid" to screen cDNA library.