Objective To study the diagnostic value of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) detction in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and Western blotting were applied to detecting the expression of sera ANCA, antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-double-stranded DNA antibody, anti-SmithD1 antibody in 25 samples of control group and 106 samples of patients with SLE. Results ALL samples of control group showed negative; 47.2% (50/106) sera showed ANCA positive in patients with SLE,and all of them were peripheral nuclear pattern (pANCA). In ANCA positive group, the positive rate of ANA, anti-SmithD1 antibody and anti-ds-DNA antibody was respectively 100% (50/50), 82% (41/50) and 94% (47/50); in ANCA negative group, the positive rate was respectively 91.1% (51/56), 67.9% (38/56)and 50% (28/56). There were no statistical differences in positive rates of ANA and anti-SmithD1 antibody between ANCA positive and negative groups (both P＞0. 05), but there was in positive rates of anti-ds-DNA antibody (P＜0.01). ANCA positive rate was respectively 84.6% (44/52) and 11.1%(6/54) in active SLE group (n=52) and inactive SLE group (n=54) (P＜0.01). Conclusion The determined ANCA in patients with SLE is not correlative with ANA and anti-SmithD1 antibody, but positively relates to anti-double-stranded DNA antibody. The positive rate of ANCA in patients with active lupus is significantly higher than that in non-active lupus.

Objective To investigate the treatment effect of retrograde holmium laser lithotripsy on treatment of impacted ureteral calculi.Methods One hundred and twenty-eight patients with ureteral calculi in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from Feb.2011 to Dec.2013 were divided into unimpacted ureteral calculi group (70 cases) and impacted ureteral calculi (58case).The treatment efficacy,operation complications of holmium laser lithotripsy and the causes of the failure of operation were recorded.Results The stone clearance rate,operative periods and postoperative incidence of gross hematuria in the un-impaction group were 91.4％ (64/70),(36.3 ± 10.7) min and 51.4％ (36/70) respectively,significant different from those in impacted ureteral calculi(74.1％ (43/58),(45.2 ± 13.9) min and 84.5％ (49/58) respectively;x2 =6.914,t =3.736,x2 =15.535 ;P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant difference between the un-impaction group and impaction group in terms of the postoperative hospital stay periods,analgesics utilization rate,urinary tract infection rates and ureteral perforation rate.In the un-impaction group,6 cases were surgical failure due to the movement of ureteral calculi during the operation.Fifteen cases were surgical failure in the impaction group,mainly due to the stone fragments move,the ureter excessive distortion and ureteral stricture.The success rate was 58.3％ (14/24) of the stones,which were above the level of L4 in the impaction group,while the success rate was 85.3％ (29/34) of the stones that was below the level of L4 in the impaction group (x2 =5.334,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Impacted ureteral calculi is more difficult to deal than unimpacted stone.The operation success rate of impacted stones above the level of L4 is less than below L4 due to stone fragments and ureter distorting.

Objective To investigate the effect of surgical trauma on the cognitive function and activation of microglias in hippocampus in rats of different ages.Methods Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 3-4months,were randomly allocated into 2 groups:adult control group (n =30) and adult surgery group (n =42).Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 18-20 months,were randomly allocated into 2 groups:aged control group (n =30) and aged surgery group (n =42).The rats were anesthetized with 5% chloral hydrate 4-6 ml/kg and underwent exploratory laparotomy in surgery groups,while normal saline 1 ml/kg was injected intraperitoneally in control groups.Morris water maze test was performed at 1-7 days after surgery.Fear conditioning test was performed 1 day after surgery to evaluate the space and fear memory abilities.The animals were sacrificed on 1st,3rd and 7th days after surgery and hippocampi were removed for measurement of OX42 expression in microglias by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with adult control group,the percentage of freezing time in total time was significantly decreased,and OX42 expression in microglias was up-regulated on 1st day after surgery (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found in the escape latency and the number of crossing the original platform in adult surgery group (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with aged control group,the escape latency was significantly prolonged,the number of crossing the original platform was decreased,the percentage of freezing time in total time was decreased,and OX42 expression in microglias was up-regulated on 1st and 3rd days after surgery in aged surgery group (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Surgical trauma decreases fear memory ability,but exerts no effect on the space memory ability in adult rats.Surgical trauma decreases the space and fear memory abilities in aged rats,which maybe related to activation of microglias in hippocampus.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexamethasone on the postoperative cognitive function in rats.Methods One hundred and eighty Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 18-20 months,weighing 400-600 g,were randomly allocated into 3 groups (n =60 each)∶ control group (C group),surgery group (S group) and dexamethasone group (D group).In groups S and D,the rats were anesthetized with 5％ chloral hydrate 4-6 ml/kg and underwent abdominal surgery.The rats in group D received intraperitoneal injection of dexamethasone 10 mg/kg at the beginning of anesthesia,while the rats in group C underwent no surgery and received intraperitoneal injection of normal saline 1 ml/kg instead.Six rats in each group were chosen at 3 h and 7 days after surgery and sacrificed,and their brains were immediately removed for detection of the expression of OX42 (a specific marker for activation of microglia) in hippocampus.Another 6 rats in each group were chosen at 3 h,and 1,3 and 7 days after surgery and sacrificed,and their brains were immediately removed for detection of the expression of IL-1β mRNA and TNF-α mRNA in hippocampus.Cognitive function was assessed by Morris water maze test and fear conditioning test.Results Compared with group C,the escape latency was prolonged,the frequency of crossing the original platform was decreased,the postoperative freezing time was shortened,and the expression of OX42 after surgery and IL-1β mRNA and TNF-α mRNA at 3 h and 1 and 3 days after surgery was up-regulated in groups S and D (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Compared with group S,the escape latency was shortened,the frequency of crossing the original platform was increased,the postoperative freezing time was prolonged,and the expression of OX42 at 3 h after surgery and IL-1β mRNA and TNF-α mRNA at 3 h and 1 and 3 days after surgery was down-regulated in group D (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion Dexamethasone can inhibit the over-activation of microglia and reduce the inflammatory response,thus improving cognitive function in rats.

Objective To observe the expression levels of CD174, cyclin D1 and cyclin E in gastrointestinal tumor tissues, analyze the correlation among CD174, cyclin D1 and cyclin E, and evaluate the expression level of CD174 for diagnosis and prognosis of gastrointestinal tumors.Methods Flow cytometry was used to determine the expression of CD174, cyclin D1 and cyclin E on surface of the cells which were collected from the tumor tissues and distant part beside the same tumor and suspended. The expression and topography of CD174 in gastrointestinal tissue were investigated with immunohistochemical staining.Results The expression of CD174 in tumor tissues was obviously lower than that in distal noncancerous tissues (P

BACKGROUND:Because insulin-like growth factor I has the ability to induce mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes, we hypothesized that the chondrogenic diferentiation of adipose-derived stem cels can be improvedvia insulin-like growth factor I transfection. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence of insulin-like growth factor I transfection on chondrogenic potential of adipose-derived stem cels in vitroand tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK)/fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) signaling pathway. METHODS:Recombinant lentivirus plasmid pLVX-IGF-I-IRES-ZsGreenl was constructed and transferred into passage 3 adipose-derived stem cels, and then these stem cels were induced to diferentiate into chondrocytes (experimental group 1). Meanwhile, the cels transfected with pLVX-IRES-ZsGreenl were taken as green fluorescent protein/adipose mesenchymal stem cel group (experimental group 2), and those with no transfection acted as control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The mRNA expression of TWEAK was reduced in the experimental group 1 as compared with the other two groups, but the mRNA expressions of insulin-like growth factor I, Col2a1 and Sox9 were up-regulated in the experimental group 1. At the same time, the protein expression of matrix metaloproteinase-3 and TWEAK were down-regulated, while the protein expression of Col2a1 was increased in the insulin-like growth factor I-transfected cels in contrast to the cels modified with pLVX-IRES-ZsGreenl or with no transfection. These findings indicate that pLVX-IGF-I-IRES-ZsGreenl transfection of adipose-derived stem cels results in a higher expression of insulin-like growth factor I, and down-regulates the expression of TWEAK mRNA and protein, which improves the diferentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels into chondrocytes.

BACKGROUND:Infrapatelar fat pad is often partialy resected in the knee surgery, which can be used as an important source of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels. OBJECTIVE: To explore the strategies of isolation, culture, and identification of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels from the infrapatelar fat pad and to detect the expression of cel surface markers of human adipose-derived stem cels. METHODS: Infrapatelar fat pad was obtained from patients undergoing knee arthroscopy surgery, and attached cels were obtained from adipose tissue by using colagenase I. Cels were cultured in 10% low-sugar DMEM. Stem cels proliferation was detected by means of MTT and then, cel growth curve was made. The obtained cels were induced and differentiated into adipocytes and osteocytes. Expressions of cel surface markers CD29 and CD44 were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A few of attached cels were observed after cultured 24 hours. Cels proliferated faster and exhibited spindle shape after 1 week. Cel adherence and proliferation were speeded up after subculture. Growth curve of cels exhibited that the passages 5 and 2 cels had higher reproductive activity than passage 8 cels. The obtained cels can be induced and differentiated into adipocytes and osteocytes. Results from flow cytometry showed that 96.8% passage 5 cels expressed CD29 and 97.6% expressed CD44. These findings indicate that high-purity adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels with high reproductive ability are easy to be isolated from the infrapatelar fat pad, which may be a kind of ideal seed cels for cartilage tissue engineering.

Objective To evaluate the effect of deferoxamine on learning and memory ability in aged rats.Methods Forty-two healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 18 months,weighing 450-550 g,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =21 each) using a random number table:normal saline group (group N) and deferoxamine group (group D).In group D,deferoxamine 150 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally once a day for 6 consecutive days,while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group N.Morris water maze test was conducted at 2 h after each injection on that day,lasting for 6 days.The escape latency,swimming speed,time of staying at the original platform quadrant and time spent in the central region were recorded.Hippocampal ferritin expression was detected by Western blot before the first administration and at 2 h after 3rd and 2nd administration.Results Compared with group N,the escape latency was significantly shortened,and the percentage of the time of staying at the original platform quadrant and time spent in the central region was increased,the expression of hippocampal ferritin was down-regulated,and no significant change was found in the swimming speed in group D.Conclusion Deferoxamine can enhance the learning and memory ability in aged rats,and reduced iron deposition in hippocampi is involved in the mechanism.

Objective To investigate the variation of fentanyl concentration and the gene expression and activity of rat intestinal cytochrome P450 3A1 in anhepatic phase. Methods The experiment was comprised of 2 steps. Step 1: The rats were randomly divided into experimental group (group A2, underwent occlusion of the hepatic portal) and control group (group A1), with 10 rats in each group. Fentanyl blood concentration was analyzed by LC/MS/MS. Step 2: The rats were randomly divided into group B1 (control), group B2 and group B3 (the rats underwent devascularization of the hepatic portal for 30 or 60 min). The levels of CYP3A1 in rat small intestine were assessed with RT-PCR and the enzymic activity of CYP3A1 was detected by fluorometry. Results Fentanyl concentration in anhepatic phase dropped more slowly in group A2 than group A1 (P

BACKGROUND: Conventional means in treatment of distal tibiofibular syndesmosis disruption include plaster cast or splint immobilization as external fixation and internal fixation using screws, and bone bolts or plates;however, some disadvantages such as unstable fixation and uncertain fixation exist.OBJECTIVE: To observe the primary clinical curative effect of newly self-developed fixation, Hook-plate fixation (HPF), for distal tibiofibular syndesmosis disruption and its biochemical characteristics of HPF.DESIGN: Self-control observation.PARTICIPANTS: We recruited 23 patients with sustaining abruption of lower tibiofibular ligament union with fibular fracture who received treatment in the Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University Medical College, between October 2001 and March 2004. According to the Lauge-Hansen classification system, there were 11 cases of supination-lateral rotations, 7 cases of pronation-lateral rotations and 5cases of pronation-abductions. Among them 14 had bimalleolar fractures and 9 had trimalleolar fractures.METHODS: HPF was used on the 23 patients with distal tibiofibular syndesmosis disruption. Radiographs were taken routinely. Talocrural joint function exercise was recommended at week 1 and partial weight bearing was allowed 2 months later. Functions were evaluated according to modified Mazur's criteria (excellent, good, fair and poor).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Healing time and function ev aluation after operation for distal tibiofibular syndesmosis disruption. ② Adverse events and side effectsRESULTS: Totally 23 patients entered the result analysis, with the mean of 11 months' follow-up. ①Results of healing time and function evaluation in the patients after operation for distal tibiofibular syndesmosis disruption: The healing time of fracture ranged from 12 to 18 weeks: 16 cases were excellent, 5 good, and 2 fair. ② Adverse events and side effects:There was no separation of the tibiofibular space, the distance between medial malleolus or lateral malleolus and anklebone was symmetrical.There was no mobilization or rupture of the internal fixation after operation.CONCLUSION: HPF is applied in treating distal tibiofibular syndesmosis disruption. It causes no postoperative complications, and can recover the ankle joint function with stable internal fixation and good biomechanical features.