Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of multi-slice thrce-dimensional computed tomographic angiography(MS-CTA) with volume rendering(VR) for Moyamoya disease.Methods MS-CTA of 25 patients with Moyamoya disease verified by DSA were restrospectively analyzed.Source images were got by GE Lightspeed pro scanner.VR was adopted to reconstruct 3D images in all cases.Results Of 25 CT precontrast,13,12 cases showed infarction and hemorrhage respectively,while 11 cases had dialated vessels in thalamus-basal ganglia region on CT.Accuracy of stenosis or occlusion of the bifurcation of ICA, proximal portion of the ACA or MCA was 88.0% (22/25) by MS-CTA.MS-CTA overestimated the degree of stenosis,MS-CTA misdiagnosed 3 cases(12.0%)with stenosis to occlusion.MS-CTA showed fewer small Moyamoya vessels than DSA.MS-CTA only demonstrated 6 cases(25.0%)with collateral vessels.Conclusion CT is still the conventional method for detecting secondary lesions to Moyamoya disease.CT and MS-CTA can accurately diagnose Moyamoya disease.

Objective To discuss the clinical effect and safety of transurethral holmium laser resection of bladder tumors.Methods A total of 20 patients with bladder tumors(stage Ta～T2a)was treated by holmium laser resection transurethrally.There were 17 patients with primary tumor and 3 patients with recurrent tumor.The laser power was set at 15～40 W.Small lesions were vaporized directly,while large ones(more than 1.0 cm in diameter and with broad pedicels)were incised from the pedicel,with neighboring tissues 1～2 cm in extent vaporized and cauterized.Results The tumors were removed on one session in all the 20 patients.The operation time was 10～70 min(mean,30 min).No complications such as obturator nerve reflex,bladder perforation,or overhydration occurred.No blood transfusion was required.The postoperative catheterization time was 1～5 days(mean,3 days).No recurrence was found during follow-up examinations for 3 months in 16 patients and 6 months in 4 patients(mean,3.6 months).Conclusions Transurethral holmium laser resection of bladder tumors is a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of bladder tumors.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of two minimal invasive surgeries,transurethral Holmium laser and electric incision,in the treatment of cystitis glandularis(CG).Methods From January 2004 to June 2006,63 cases of CG were confirmed pathologically by using cystoscopy.Among the patients,35 were treated by transurethral Holmium laser and 28 by transurethral electric incision.All the cases received postoperative chemotherapy with mitomycin bladder irrigation and were followed up for 6 to 18 months.The efficacy of the two surgical procedures was evaluated during the follow-up.Results Compared with the electric incision group,the mean operation time and hospital stay was significantly shorter [(15.3?5.1) min vs(20.8?6.3) min,t=-3.831,P=0.000;and(2.4?1.7) d vs(4.0?1.5) d,t=-3.909,P=0.000;respectively],and the rate of complications was significantly lower [0%(0/35) vs 14.3%(4/28),?2=5.339,P=0.021] in the Holmium laser group.Six months after the operation,the cure rate of the Holmium laser group was significantly higher and the recurrence rate was significantly lower than those in the electric incision group [82.9%(29/35) vs 60.7%(17/28),?2=3.871,P=0.049;and 5.7%(2/35) vs 25.0%(7/28),?2=4.725,P=0.030].Conclusions The transurethral Holmium laser is a safe,effective,and convenient method for the treatment of CG.Since the method can not only achieve a high cure rate and low recurrence rate,but also avoid lower urinary obstruction,we recommend it as the first choice for CG.

ObjectiveTo investigate the methods of reducing eye injury in phacoemulsification．MethodsPhacoemulsification with intraocular lens（IOL）implantation was performed on 98 cases（98 eyes）of cataract using a new type of phaco tip（MicroTip）with high vaccum and low energy．All the nuclei was harder than Grade Ⅳ．Postoperative visual acuity and eye injury were observed，including corneal edema，anterior chamber in flammation，intraocular pressure，IOL position and retinal condition．ResultsPostoperative visual acuity is 0.5 or better in all cases，1.0 ? or better in 28 cases（28.6％）．The complication during operation，such as anterior chamber hemorrhage，posterior capsule rupture and vitreous loss，did not occur．Postoperative complications were very slight．Two eyes（2％）suffered mild corneal edema that lasted no more than a week．No other complications were found．ConclusionMicroTip is a kind of safe and effective facility for phacoemusification，with which we can reduce the eye injury，especially dealing with the hard nuclei．

Functional experiment plays an important role in understanding the mechanisms of diseases and principles of diagnosis and treatment. It requires students to master basic skills of func-tional operation, and complicated disciplines of functional alteration as well. Thus functional experi-ment needs to be an open course. The use of the virtual reality (VR) and real-time recording tech-niques provides potential for this exploration. By the way of real-time recording system, HD video of experiment operation is played, which helps guiding students to learn basic experiment skills; while based on the development status of VR technology, it is more applicable for learning by oneself, such as preview before the class and review for the test, and furthermore, the advantage of VR technique will be more apparent, if the key development focuses on experiment extensions to disclose more compli-cated functional alterations. This new technique helps to improve teaching effects of functional experi-ment.

The paper introduces the research idea, design and realization of the distributed Naive Bayesian intelligent diagnosis sys-tem based on Hadoop, makes optimization and improvement according to its application in Traditional Chinese Medicine ( TCM) Hospital of Guangdong Province, including algorithm design improvement and enhancement of accuracy, extensibility and security of the system.

Objective To examine the distribution of Malassezia species in follicular contents and perifollicular superficial skin in patients with Malassezia folliculitis and search for its causative agent. Methods A total of 120 patients with Malassezia folliculitis were investigated. Follicular lesions at three different anatomic sites were selected in each patient. Perifolliclar superficial skin specimens were taken by sterile adhesive tape, and the follicular contents of the same follicle were taken by sterile haemostatic forceps. The above specimens were cultured respectively on media containing rapeseed oil. The isolated colonies were identified by their physiological and morphological characteristics. Results Out of 319 isolates obtained from the perifollicular superficial skin, 247 isolates (77.43%) were identified as M. sympodialis, 40 isolates (12.54%) as M. furfur, 27 isolates(8.46%) as M. globosa and 5 isolates(1.57%) as M. obtusa. Out of 314 isolates obtained from follicular contents, 252 isdates(80.25%) were identified as M. globosa, 57 isolates(18.15%) as M. sympodialis, 4 isolates(1.27%) as M. furfur, and 1 isolate(0.32%) as M. obtusa. There was statistical difference in species distribution between the follicular contents and the perifolliclar superficial skin (P

Objectives To compare the difference between multipoint inoculation and routine method for isolation of pathogenic fungi from nail samples of onychomycosis,and to analyze the epidemiology of pathogenic fungi in those patients.Methods The nail clipping samples from each patient were inoculated onto the plates with Sabouraud's agar,Sabouraud's agar without cycloheximide and medium containing rapeseed oil,respectively,by an approach of at least seven inoculating points in each plate (multipoint inoculation),and onto medium slope in tubes with the same media as above mentioned (routine method).In the multipoint inoculation method,plates with more than 3 colonies were taken for further identification of pathogenic fungi based on morphological and biochemical properties.Results Based on the data from 150 samples of onychomycosis,significant differences were found between multipoint inoculation method and routine method (P

Objective To investigate the distribution of Malassezia species in lesional and non-lesion-al sites of patients with pityriasis versicolor(PV),species-variation in different anatomic sites and in lesions with different pigmentation,and the relationship between various Malassezia species and severity and age of PV patients.Methods A total of629skin specimens taken by sterile adhesive tape from the lesions and non-lesional skin were inoculated on media containing rapeseed oil in113patients with PV.Isolated colonies were identified to species based on physiological and morphological characteristics.Results The isolation rates of Malassezia spp.were not significantly different from both lesions and corresponding non-lesional skin.Among non-lesional sites,the isolation rate was significantly higher in forehead and trunk than that in upper and lower extremities.Five species were identified out of565strains obtained from the patients,including M.sympodialis(44.78%),M.furfur(32.94%),M.globosa(11.68%),M.obtusa(5.84%)and M.restricta(4.76%).Two dif-ferent species were isolated simultaneously from27sites.There was no obvious difference in species distribu-tion patterns between lesions and non-lesional sites.M.restricta was isolated from forehead exclusively.Species-variation was closely linked to lesions with different pigmentation and the age of patients,not to the severity of disease.Conclusion There is neither statistical difference of Malassezia isolation rate and species distribution between lesions and non-lesional skin,nor correlation between disease severity and species-varia-tion.The anatomic sites,the diversity of pigmentation pattern and the age of patients seem to be associated with different Malassezia species.

Objective Through the investigation and analysis to "Chinese Medical Digest" and its relative periodicals to get a general idea of the survival and situation of these periodicals and to establish the pattern for their survival and development. Methods Such methods as telephone consultation, questionnaire survey, interview, and conference discussion were adopted to collect the relative information of medical digest periodicals and thus an analysis was made upon it. Results There were 18 kinds of "Chinese Medical Digest" periodicals originally. Of all these 18 kinds of the periodicals, 6 kinds are still publishing, 10 kinds have transferred its nature to first-hand literature periodical, and 2 kinds have ceased their publishment. Conclusion As a result of the computer, the network and the full text database development, the survival of medical digest periodicals are endangered. However, regarding to the different domain of subject, different reforming measures should be taken.