Objective To investigate the effects of doxycycline on the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metaloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in breast cancer lung metastasis model mice (BCML-TAⅡ99), and the mechanism thereof. Methods The BCML-TAⅡ99 mouse model was established. The immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expressions of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in BCML-TAⅡ99 model mice and controls. Results The metastasis rate was significantly lower in treatment group than that of control group. The expression of MMP-9 was significantly reduced, but the expression of TIMP-1 was significantly increased, in treatment group compared with those of control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Doxycycline can inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in breast cancer with 1ung metastasis model mice by regulating MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expressions.

[Objective]To evaluate the effects of transplantation of autogeneic mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) with electro-stimulant therapy after spinal cord injury(SCI).[Method]Sixty rats were randomly assigned into four groups:MSCs transplation group,electro-stimulant therapy group,MSCs transplation combined with electro-stimulant group and control group.[Result]Statistical differences showed in inter-group in BBB score after 4 weeks(P

Objective To investigate whether the implanted spike wave electrical stimulation (ES) can improve survival of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) after transplantation in spinal cord injury (SCI) rats. MethodsIn the study,60 male SD rats were used to prepare the SCI induced by a digital weight drop apparatus.The MSCs from each rat' s femurs were collected and then labeled by Bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) seven days after SCI.The rats were randomly assigned into four groups,ie,group A (receiving a transplantation of MSCs only),group B (receiving electro-stimulant therapy only),group C ( receiving a transplation of MSCs and electro-stimulant therapy) and the control group ( receiving a single injection of phosphate buffer solution,PBS).Functional status was assessed regularly before and after SCI by using the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating score and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP).The recovery of spinal cord was checked by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and the survivorship of the labeled MSCs was observed with immunohistochemical method. Results BBB score of group C demonstrated significant difference in comparison with that of the other three groups ( P ＜ 0.05 )and was significantly higher than that of the control group (P ＜0.01 ) four weeks after surgery,which indicated an obvious functional improvement of the extremity mobility in group C.At the 8th week postoperatively,SEP study displayed significant difference in group C from the other three groups in terms of latency and wave amplitude (P ＜0.05 ),indicating the fast neurofunctional recovery of the spinal cord in group C.MR images of the spinal cords by DTI showed the same outcome.Immunohistochemistry confirmed a large number of the labeled MSCs positive cells in the lesion site of group C.ConclusionTheimplanted spike wave ES promotes the bioactivity and survival of MSCs and improves the therapeutic effect in combination with MSCs transplantation.

Objective:To explore the epidemiological characteristics and the antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, and to provide the evidence for the rational use of antimicrobial agents to treat Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Methods:The positive microbiological laboratory identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Streptococcus pneumoniae from sputum of children with respiratory infections during January 2010 to December 2017 in Children′s Hospital of Soochow University were retrospectively analyzed. The positive rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae of different genders, ages, years and seasons were compared. The annual detection rates and trends of drug resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin, amoxicillin and cefotaxime were analyzed by Mann-Kendall trend test. The seasonal decomposition of time series was conducted to assess the association between Streptococcus pneumoniae detection rate and season. Enumeration data was compared using χ2 test. Results:Of the 88 480 sputum specimens, the total positive rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae was 10.3%(9 081/88 480). The detection rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children aged 0 to <0.5 years old, 0.5 to <2 years old, 2 to <3 years old, 3 to <5 years old, and 5 to <15 years old were 4.2%(1 407/33 224), 13.1%(3 191/24 390), 14.9%(2 417/16 252), 17.9%(1 474/8 246) and 9.3%(592/6 368), respectively. The difference was statistically significant ( χ2=2 421.6, P<0.01). The detection rates were 8.1%(1 321/16 306) from January to March, 10.9%(2 194/20 207) from April to June, 8.5%(2 141/25 058) from July to September, and 12.7%(3 425/26 909) from October to December. The discrepancy of positive rates in different seasons showed statistical significance ( χ2=311.5, P<0.01). During 2010 to 2017, significant decreases in antibiotic resistant rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin, amoxicillin and cefotaxime were detected (tau=-0.93, -0.93 and -0.71, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The detection rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae in sputum of children with respiratory infections may present seasonal pattern and vary between different ages of children. The resistance to β-lactam antibiotics has declined.

Objective To evaluated intra-articular injection of TNF-α inhibitors into the sacroiliac joint as an effective and viable alternative. Methods Sixteen patients with documented ankylosing spondylitis (AS), without steroids or disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) were performed CT-guided intra-articular injections of etanercept (TNF-α antagonist) at week 0, 4 and 8 (25 mg per dose). Similarly, 20 patients with AS in the control group received systemic etanercept therapy at a dose of 50 mg per week for 8 weeks. All patients were followed up clinically and evaluated periodically. Pathological features of sacroiliitis were observed with light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Expression of cytokines in joint biopsy samples was estimated by RT-PCR. Image changes of sacroiliitis were observed by SPECT/CT and MRI. Ttest, t'tesr and χ2 Fisher's test were selected. Results All the 16 patients who received intra-articular etanercept, the mean value of radiological nuclide decrease of the SIJ ROI (region of interest) in the SPECT improved significantly after 8 weeks treatment [(1.38±0.16 vs 1.45±0.14) P<0.05] . Bone marrow edema and fat deposition in MRI were relieved significantly after 8 weeks (P<0.05). In 8 patients the expression of TNF-α and TGF-β mRNA in joint tissue decreased significantly after 8 weeks [(0.89±0.06, 0.84±0.05) vs (l.08± 0.19, 1.13±0.33) (P<0.05)]. The occurrence of gynonitis, enthesitis, chondritis, subehondral bony plate destruction, bone marrow inflammation and inflammatory cell index also decreased significantly (P<0.05). Participants given intra-articular injection showed significant clinical improvement after 8 weeks and 12 weeks treatment(P<0.01 ) in BASDAI score [(32±13) mm]. Conclusion This study has shown that intra-articular injection of etanercept in SIJ can improve joint function and quality of life. It has a satisfactory safety profile and is cost effective. This mode of treatment is most beneficial in local arthropathy of recent onset and in those patients who do not tolerate systemic etanercept therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the distribution of cells infected by AD5-EGFP infused in different ways in the cochlea of guinea pig. METHOD: AD5-EGFP was infused into the endolymphatic system through a hole on the lateral wall of the scala media or into the extralymphatic system through the round window membrane respectively. The infected cochlear cells confirmed by expression of EGFP were examined on the whole mount or cryostat sections. RESULT: In the cochleae in which AD5-EGFP was infused into the extralymphatic system through the round window membrane, expression of EFGP could be found in the type I, IV and V fibrocyte of the stria vascularis, superlimbal cells of the spiral lip, cells in Ressenal membrane, spiral ganglion neurons in Rosenthal hole and cells lining the inner wall of scala vestibular and scala tympani, indicating that these cells were infected by adenovirus. None of the inner, outer hair or supporting cells was found to be infected in these cochleae. In the cochleae in which AD5-EGFP was infused into the endolymphatic system through a hole on the lateral wall of scala media, expression of EFGP could be found in supporting cells in the organ of Corti and lining cells of the scala media. CONCLUSION Adenovirus5 is a good and effective vector for delivering genes into cells in guinea pig's cochlea. The scope of infected cells will be very different when the vector is applied to the cochlea through different infusion ways. No cells in the endolymphatic system would be infected if the vector is infused into the extralymphatic system.
Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Animals ; Cochlea ; virology ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genes, Reporter ; Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Guinea Pigs ; Spiral Ganglion ; virology

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of pulmonary infection in the elderly, and to construct a risk prediction model. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was used to randomly select 683 elderly patients in Zhangjiakou First Hospital as the investigation subjects. Sputum specimens were collected and sent for bacterial isolation, culture, identification, and drug sensitivity test. According to whether the patients had pulmonary infection, they were divided into pulmonary infection group (n=315) and non-pulmonary infection group (n=368). The clinical data of the two groups such as age, sex, COPD, and ICU admission were analyzed. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of pulmonary infection in elderly patients, and a risk prediction model was established. Results A total of 331 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in 315 patients with pulmonary infection, and there were 207 strains (62.54%) of gram-negative bacteria detected, mainly including 95 strains (28.70%) of Acinetobacter baumannii and 71 strains (21.45%) of Klebsiella pneumoniae. There were 169 strains (26.28%) of gram-positive bacteria detected, mainly 68 strains (20.54%) of Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, there were 25 strains of fungi (7.55%). There were no significant differences in gender, smoking history, history of COPD, asthma, and stroke between the two groups (P>0.05). The proportion of patients aged≥70, mechanical ventilation, admission to ICU and recent respiratory tract infection in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, smoking history, mechanical ventilation, and ICU admission were independent risk factors for pulmonary infection in elderly patients (P<0.05). According to the above four independent influencing factors and corresponding regression coefficient of each factor, the prediction model of pulmonary infection in elderly patients was constructed, Z=-5.948+1.198× (age) +1.281×(smoking history) +2.029×(mechanical ventilation) +1.211×(ICU admission). Conclusion Lung infection in elderly patients in our hospital is dominated by gram-negative bacilli. Antibiotics should be rationally selected according to drug sensitivity results. Age≥70 years old and COPD can increase the risk of pulmonary infection in elderly patients, and the prediction model constructed can effectively predict the occurrence of pulmonary infection in elderly patients.

Objective:To estimate the hospitalization rate of Haemophilus ( H.) influenzae associated community-acquired pneumonia in children under 5 years in Suzhou. Methods:From 2010 to 2014, medical records and bacteriology results of children under 5 years hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia in Children's Hospital of Soochow University were collected, retrospectively. Detection rate of H. influenzae was describe. The hospitalization rate of H. influenzae associated community-acquired pneumonia was estimated using the number of local children in urban area of Suzhou, which was obtained from the immunization platform of Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control. Results:A total of 28 043 hospitalized pneumonia cases were included from 2010 to 2014, in which 19 526 (69.63%) had bacteriological examination. The overall detection rate of H. influenzae was 11.06% (2 160/19 526), and children aged 12-23 months had the highest positive rate (14.29%, 550/3 850), and the rate was higher during winter-spring than during summer-autumn ( χ 2=455.11, P<0.01). The average hospitalization rate of H. influenzae associated pneumonia in children under 5 years was 760.36/100 000 (95% CI: 733.70/100 000-787.01/100 000), which was higher in winter and spring (898.79/100 000 and 1 249.52/100 000) than in summer and autumn (514.35/100 000 and 359.04/100 000), and the hospitalization rate was higher in boys (942.12/100 000) than in girls (563.76/100 000), the differences were all significant ( P<0.01). The highest hospitalization rate was observed in children aged 1-5 months (2 478.31/100 000) and the hospitalization rate decreased with age ( χ 2=2 129.80, P<0.01). Conclusion:There was a considerable burden of H. influenzae associated community-acquired pneumonia in children under 5 years in Suzhou, especially in children under 6 months.