Objective To study the characteristics of MRI Lesions in posterior circulation cerebral infarction and the correlation of the syndrome types of traditional Chinese medicine.Methods 82 patients with posterior circulation cerebral infarction from May 2012 to May 2015 were recruited, two observers estimated cranial MRI infarct size, location, and TCM syndrome type in the hospital medical records of the patients separately.Results Of all patients with posterior circulation cerebral infarction, patients with meridians involved infarction in the distant part of posterior circulation is far more than other parts of the posterior circulation(21 patient,P=0.006), nevertheless,patients with apoplexy involving Zang-fu organs,cerebral infarction volume is larger (14.78 ± 5.68 mlvs. 9.12 ± 6.67 ml,P=0.001).Conclusion Of all patients with posterior cerebral infarction, patients with meridians be involved, infarction in the distant part of posterior circulation is far more than other parts of the posterior circulation, nevertheless, in patients with apoplexy involving Zang-fu Organs, cerebral infarction volume is larger.

Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma has the efficacy of dissolving stasis and hemostasis and reducing swelling and easing pain. Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) is the main active component of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma, and the main components include ginsenoside Rb1, Rg1, Re, Rd and notoginsenoside R1. Injections with PNS as the medicinal material basis have become main TCM injections for the treatment of cerebral vascular diseases, with confirmed clinical efficacy. This article reviewed the research progress in pharmacological effects, clinical application and adverse reactions of PNS in treatment of cerebral vascular disease, with a purpose to provide references for further research and clinical application.

Objective To study the effects of concentration of glucose on the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs).Methods BMMSCs passaged to the 4th to 6th were inoculated and cultured.The control group was treated with DMEM/F12 (1∶1) standard medium,and the basal glucose concentration was 5.5 mmol/L.The experimental group was treated with DMEM/F12 (1∶1) high-glucose medium with the concentration of 20.5,25.5,30.5 and 35.5 mmol/L respectively,and continuously cultured for 15 d.The absorbance (A) values of each group once per day were measured by thiazolyl blue (MTT) colorimetry.Results Compared with the control group,the absorbance was increased at the 2nd,3rd,and 5th days in the 20.5 and 30.5 mmol/L groups,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).For the 25.5 mmol/L group,the absorbance was increased at the 2nd,3rd,5th and 8th days,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).For the 35.5 mmol/L group,the absorbance was increased at the 2nd,3rd,5th and 8th days and decreased at the 8th day,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).The results of 20.5,25.5,30.5 and 35.5 mmol/L groups were further compared one another.The results showed that the absorbance at the 4th and 12th days in the 35.5 mmol/L group were lower than that of the 20.5 mmol/L group,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).The absorbance at the 11th and 14th days in the 30.5 and 35.5 mmol/L groups were lower than that of the 20.5 mmol/L group,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).Conclusions High-glucose environment can promote the proliferation of BMMSCs in a short time.However,with the prolongation of culture time,this effect is gradually weakened because of the inhibiting effect of high-glucose environment to the cell proliferation.

Chemical constituents from the air dried parts of Cichorium glandulosum were studied. The chemical constituents of C. glandulosum were separated and purified by means of silica gel, Sephadex-LH 20, ODS column chromatography and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography. The structure was elucidated by physicochemical characteristics and spectral data. One new flavonoid glycoside was isolated from C. glandulosum, and identified as quercetin-3-O-［6″-O-(3-ethoxy-1, 3-dioxopropyl)］-β-D-glucopyranoside(1).

Objective To investigate the clinical application value of longitudinal peak strain( LPS ) and peak strain dispersion ( PSD ) in evaluating left ventricular systolic function and synchrony in patients with essential hypertension . Methods Fifty‐five patients with essential hypertension were enrolled , including 30 patients with non‐left ventricular hypertrophy ( NLV H ) , 25 patients with left ventricular hypertrophy ( LV H ) , at the same time , 30 healthy volunteers were selected as the control group . Echocardiography was performed in all three groups ,and two‐dimensional dynamic images of the left ventricular apical four‐chamber ,three‐chamber ,and two‐chamber′s long‐axis view s were collected for three consecutive cardiac cycles . T he myocardial layer‐specific strain was used to measure the LPS of the left ventricular myocardium of subendocardium ,the middle layer ,the subepicardium ,and the myocardial strain and the PSD of the w hole myocardial layers . Correlation analysis and ROC curve analysis were performed . Results T he LPS in the control group ,NLV H group and LV H group were decreased in turn from inner to out myocardial layers . Compared with the control group , the LPS in the subendocardial , middle , subepicardial ,and w hole myocardial layer of NLV H group were decreased ( P ＜ 0 .05 ) , and the subepicardial myocardial LPS was slightly lower than that in the control group ,the difference was not statistically significant ( P ＞ 0 .05 ) . T he LPS in the subendocardial , middle , subepicardial ,and whole myocardial layer of LV H group were all reduced ( P＜0 .05) . Between the NLV H group and LV H group , the declines of the LPS in the subendocardial and middle layer in the LV H group were statistically significant ( P ＜0 .05) ,the LPS in the subepicardial layer and the w hole myocardial layer had no significant difference ( P ＞0 .05) . Compared with the control group ,the PSD of the NLVH group and the LVH group increased ( P ＜ 0 .05 ) . Compared with the NLV H group ,the PSD of the LV H group increased ( P ＜0 .05) . Inter‐ventricular septum thickness ( IVSd) and the LPS in the subendocardial ,middle ,subepicardial , and w hole myocardial layer were negatively correlated ( r ＝ －0 .537 ,－0 .518 ,－0 .266 ,－0 .471 ; all P ＜0 .05) , left ventricle posterior wall thickness ( LVPWd ) and the LPS in the subendocardial , middle , subepicardial ,and whole myocardial layer were negatively correlated ( r ＝ －0 .539 , －0 .524 , －0 .283 ,－0 .478 ;all P ＜0 .05) . T he area under the ROC curve ( AUC) of the LPS in the subendocardial ,middle , subepicardial ,and w hole myocardial layer and PSD for the diagnosis of hypertension were 0 .685 ,0 .652 , 0 .510 ,0 .623 ,0 .995 ,respectively . T he cut‐off values were －21 .70% ,－18 .90% ,－16 .95% ,－19 .45% , 46 .50 ms , and the sensitivities were 94 .4% , 83 .3% , 77 .8% , 94 .4% , 100% , respectively , and the specificities were 47 .8% ,52 .2% ,39 .1% ,39 .1% ,95 .7% ,respectively . Conclusions T he layer‐specific strain can quantitatively evaluate myocardial longitudinal strain in patients with essential hypertension , provide a non‐invasive test for early diagnosis of hypertensive heart disease ,and the evaluation of left ventricular myocardial stratification . PSD for evaluating primary synchronous changes in left ventricular myocardial contraction in patients with hypertension has certain advantages .

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the ischemic post-conditioning (IPC) on the prevention of the cardio-renal damage in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Methods: A total of 251 consecutive STEMI patients underwent PPCI in the heart center of Tianjin Third Central Hospital from January 2012 to June 2014 were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, control, single-blinded, clinical registry study. Patients were randomly divided into IPC group (123 cases) and control group (128 cases) with random number table. Patients in IPC group underwent three times of inflation/deflation with low inflation pressure using a balloon catheter within one minute after culprit vessel blood recovery, and then treated by PPCI. Patients in control group received PPCI procedure directly. The basic clinical characteristics, incidence of reperfusion arrhythmia during the procedure, the rate of electrocardiogram ST-segment decline, peak value of myocardial necrosis markers, incidence of contrast induced acute kidney injury(CI-AKI), and one-year major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE) which including myocardial infarction again, malignant arrhythmia, rehospitalization for heart failure, repeat revascularization, stroke, and death after the procedure were analyzed between the two groups. Results: The age of IPC group and control group were comparable((61.2±12.6) vs. (64.2±12.1) years old, P=0.768). The incidence of reperfusion arrhythmia during the procedure was significantly lower in the IPC group than in the control group(42.28% (52/123) vs. 57.03% (73/128), P=0.023). The rate of electrocardiogram ST-segment decline immediately after the procedure was significantly higher in the IPC group than in the control group (77.24% (95/123) vs. 64.84% (83/128), P=0.037). The peak value of myocardial necrosis markers after the procedure were significantly lower in the IPC group than in the control group(creatine kinase: 1 257 (682, 2 202) U/L vs. 1 737(794, 2 816)U/L, P=0.029; creatine kinase-MB: 123(75, 218)U/L vs.165(95, 288)U/L, P=0.010). The rate of CI-AKI after the procedure was significantly lower in the IPC group than in the control group(5.69%(7/123) vs. 14.06%(18/128), P=0.034). The rate of the one-year MACE was significantly lower in the IPC group than in the control group(7.32%(9/123) vs. 15.63% (20/128), P=0.040). Conclusion The IPC strategy performed eight before PPCI can reduce myocardial ischemia- reperfusion injury, decline the rates of CI-AKI and one-year MACE significantly in STEMI patients, thus has a significant protective effect on heart and kidney in STEMI patients. Clinical Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trials Registry, ChiCTR-ICR-15006590.

Microbiota ; Forecasting

Progesterone is currently the first-line drug for clinical treatment and prevention of threatened abortion and habitual abortion. However， due to its special chemical structure， its solubility is low， which limits its clinical application. Therefore， the new technology and new dosage form of progesterone solubilization preparation is an important direction of its research and development. In this paper， the research progress of progesterone solubilization preparation technology in recent years is reviewed. It is found that the water solubility of progesterone can be enhanced by solid dispersion technology， inclusion technology， micronization， nanocrystallization （ including nanosuspensions， polymer micelles， nanoparticles， etc. ）， liposome technology， self- emulsification， cocrystal technology， and 3D printing. Eight technologies are used to increase the solubility of progesterone， improve its bioavailability and reduce its toxic and side effects， to serve the clinic better.

Objective: To understand the novel bat-borne hantavirus on Yunnan province. Methods: Eighty-four bats were collected from Puer, Yunnan from July to August in 2016. A hantavirus, named as DodeHV, was identified in Pomona Roundleaf Bat by high-throughput sequencing technology. Nested or Semi-nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to confirm and screen DodeHV, as well as to amplify its genome sequence by specific primers. Then homology and phylogenetic analysis of all three segments were conducted by using software MegAlign and MEGA 6.0. Results: All the positive individuals are Pomona Roundleaf bats by PCR in this study and 4 out of 67 (5.97%) Pomona Roundleaf bats were positive. The complete ORF of DodeHV S Segment, the most sequence of M and the complete sequence of L segment were obtained. It shared the highest homology with the strain XSV-VN1982B4 found on Phu Tho Province, Viet- Nam in 2013, the nucleotide sequence identities of S, M, L segment compared with XSV was 79.0%, 79.2%, 79.9% respectively, and its amino acid sequence identities was 93.4%, 94.8%, 96.6% respectively. Meanwhile, phylogenetic analysis showed that DodeHV was also closely related to strain XSV-VN1982B4. Conclusions The discovery of DodeHV enriched the virus reservoir of our country which is meaningful to public health. It is indicated that there is potential risk of bat-borne DodeHV at cross-border infection at frontier.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence, genetic structure and evolutionary characteristics of GⅡ.17 norovirus isolated from the fecal samples of rhesus monkeys in Longhu Mountain of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Methods: A total of 400 stool specimens were collected from wild rhesus monkeys from March to August of 2015. The GⅡ.17 norovirus named as GX213 was identified in fecal samples by high-throughput sequencing technology. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to confirm and screen GX213, as well as amplify its complete gene sequence. Then the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of three ORFs of GX213 were constructed by software MEGA 6.0. Results: Two out of 400 fecal samples were positive. The full-length genome of GX213 was 7 565 bp (containing PloyA tail), which was composed of three open reading frames (ORFs): ORF1(10-5112 nt), ORF2(5093-6715 nt)and ORF3(6715-7494 nt), with 20 bp overlapping between ORF1 and ORF2, and 1 bp overlapping between ORF2 and ORF3.Analysis of the complete sequence of GX213 showed that it shared the highest homology with the strain of human GⅡ.17 norovirus CUHK-NS-613 (GenBank ID: KU561248) (99.5% identity), and ORF1 and ORF3 also shared the highest homology with the strain CUHK-NS-613 [99.5% and 99.4% in nucleotide (nt); 99.5% and 99.2% in amino acid (aa), respectively], which was the main cause of human norovirus outbreaks in some regions of Asia from 2014 to 2015. ORF2 sequence analysis showed that it displayed the highest identity (99.4% in nt and 99.8% in aa) to the strain CUHK-NS-491 (GenBank ID: KP698928), only one aa mutation aa₂₄₅P→S(P1.1 region) was observed in the GX213 VP1 protein. Furthermore, the phylogenetic analysis showed that GX213 was more related to CUHK-NS-613 and CUHK-NS-491 than the strain KM1509 (GenBank ID: KX356908) of GⅡ.17 norovirus recently identified in rhesus monkeys. Conclusions GX213 belongs to the human GⅡ.17 norovirus variant causing the norovirus outbreaks from 2014 to 2015. Our research suggests that GⅡ.17 norovirus can infect not only humans but also rhesus monkeys.