Objective:To analyze the factors that influence the height development of children and adolescents aged 3 to 16 years in Chengguan District of Lhasa of Xizang Autonomous Region, China.Methods:During the period from August 2021 to June 2022, a convenient sampling method was used to select 100 children and adolescents aged 3-16 years residing in Chengguan District of Lhasa of Xizang Autonomous Region, China. The subjects' physical measurement indicators, Tanner stage, height development questionnaire, wrist bone age, sex hormones, and nutritional biochemical indicators were carefully collected. The factors that influence height development were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to visualize the effects of these influential factors.Results:The study involved a total of 100 children and adolescents, with 51 (51.0%) participants in the tall stature group and 49 (49.0%) participants in the low stature group. Significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of height difference relative to the national average, body weight, waist circumference, luteinizing hormone level, the percentage of individuals with an abnormal luteinizing hormone level, follicle stimulating hormone level, and bone age [ χ2 ( t) = 13.6, 2.65, 2.47, -2.58, 10.9, -2.95, 11.8, all P < 0.05]. A univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that body mass, waist circumference, the percentage of individuals with an abnormal luteinizing hormone level, follicle stimulating hormone level, and bone age are factors that possibly affect height development ( OR = 1.05, 1.05, 4.56, 1.18, 2.99, all P < 0.05). Furthermore, a multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed waist circumference, the percentage of individuals with an abnormal luteinizing hormone level, and bone age as independent factors influencing height development ( OR = 1.10, 7.01, 3.14, all P < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the values of the area under the curve were 0.65, 0.65, 0.67, and 0.75 respectively for waist circumference, the percentage of individuals with an abnormal luteinizing hormone level, bone age, and their combination (all P < 0.05). Conclusion:Waist circumference, the percentage of individuals with an abnormal luteinizing hormone level, and bone age appear to be critical factors influencing the height development of children and adolescents In Chengguan District of Lhasa of Xizang Autonomous Region, China.

Objective:To explore the influence of gender and age on the measurement of cone beam CT (CBCT) in normal and occluded craniofacial hard tissues for Han nationality in Changsha area.Methods:A total of 80 CBCT data of normal and occluded craniofacial hard tissues for Han nationality in Changsha area were collected,including 40 adults [16 males and 24 females,aged (17.57±1.83) years] and 40 children[16 males and 24 females,age (11.50±1.26) years].Threedimensional cephalometric measurements were carried out by Dolphion Imaging software,and the influence of gender and age was compared.Results:The symmetry of craniofacial hard tissues in male and female in the adults was good (the maximum asymmetric rate R was 6.39％ and the minimum asymmetric rate R was 0.08％).There was no significant differencein the anterior palatal width,palatal width,the upper incisor protrusion distance,the lower incisor protrusion distance,hyoid-mandibular plane,basal epiglottis width,and palatal plane airway width between the males and females (all P＞0.05);while the remaining indicators were significantly higher in males than those in females (all P＜0.05).There was no significant gender difference in angle indicators (all P＞0.05).There were significant differences in the posterior height,the maxillary length,the lower incisor protrusion,and the mandibular plane angle between the adults and the children(all P＜0.05);but the rest of indicators were not significant difference (all P＞0.05).Conclusion:The symmetry of craniofacial hard tissues for Han nationality in Changsha area is good.The gender and age affect the line space measurements but not affect the most of the angle measurements.

Objective:To investigate the effect of different crown heights of lateral incisor and canine on smile esthetics perception between orthodontists and patients.Methods:A total of 31 orthodontists and 56 patients on smile aesthetics perception were investigated.We adjusted the height of lateral incisor and canine to get 20 kinds of anterior tooth area morphology by Photoshop and asked interviewees to grade.Scores of satisfaction were recorded by Likert method.Results:Subjects in the 2 groups preferred smiles with upper anterior teeth edge parallel to lower lip.There was better acceptance for longer canines and less satisfaction at shorter lateral incisors in patients.Patients also got higher discrete degree of evaluation results and more rigorous about smile esthetics than orthodontists.Conclusion:Orthodontists and patients have different satisfaction at esthetics of anterior teeth.Esthetics preference should be considered in orthodontic treatment schedule.

Objective This study aims to compare the accuracy of self-developed universal implant guide(SDG),3D printed digital guide(DG),and free hand(FH)simulated implantation in the posterior tooth area of dental models.Methods Ten junior dentists were selected to place three implants in the 35,37,and 46 tooth sites of the mandibular models(35,36,37,and 46 missing teeth)by using SDG,DG,and FH,and the process was repeated again to take the av-erage value.Cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)was used to evaluate the global coronal deviation,global apical deviation,depth deviation,and angular deviation between the actual position and preoperative planned position.Re-sults The coronal deviation and apical deviation of the three implant sites in the SDG group were not significantly dif-ferent from those in the two other groups(P>0.05).The depth deviation and angular deviation in the SDG group were smaller than those in the DG group(P<0.05)and FH group(P<0.05),respectively.All deviations at site 37 in the SDG group were not different from those at site 35(P>0.05),while the depth and angular deviation at site 37 in the DG group were higher than those at site 35(P<0.05).Conclusion The precision of the self-developed universal dental im-plant guide can meet the requirements of clinical posteri-or implantation.

Purpose/Significance To explore the changes,challenges,key application scenarios and future development directions of generative artificial intelligence(AI)represented by ChatGPT in the field of hospital management,and to provide references for the ap-plication of AI natural language processing(NLP)technology in the field of hospital management in China.Method/Process Through literature review and analysis,the changes and challenges brought about by the rapid development of generative AI in the field of hospital management are sorted out,its key application scenarios and future development directions in the field of hospital management are empha-sized and explored.Result/Conclusion AI has broad application prospects in the field of hospital management,and it should focus on exploring its practical application scenarios and strategic directions to provide reference and guidance for promoting the high-quality de-velopment of public hospitals.

Diplomates certificated by National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (NCCAOM) are needed to be recertified every four years. The certificate will be valid after 60 points of provided professional development activity (PDA). The different validity status of NCCAOM certificates, ways of participating continuing education and the requirements of PDA points including core competencies and professional enhancement (PE) are introduced in this paper.

To investigate three-dimensional morphological features of temporomandibular joint in skeletal malocclusion Class III with different vertical skeletal facial types.
 Methods: A total of 46 adults with skeletal malocclusion Class III were enrolled and allocated into a normal-angle, a high-angle and a low-angle groups. All patients were undergone cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Images of temporomandibular joint were reconstructed and analyzed by Invivo 5. Nine measurements relevant to the positions and forms of condyle as well as joint spaces were performed.
 Results: Significant differences were not observed between the 2 sides of each group among skeletal malocclusion Class III (P>0.05). Compared with the high-angle and normal-angle patients, the low-angle patients had larger superior spaces, bigger gradients of the articular tublecle, longer condyle, and larger internal spaces between the condyle and the fossa. Compared with the low-angle and normal-angle patients, the high-angle patients had smaller condylar antero-posterior diameters.
 Conclusion: Class III malocclusion patients with different vertical skeletal patterns have different positions and forms of condyles, which should be paid attention to in clinic.
Adult ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Face ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III ; diagnostic imaging ; Mandibular Condyle ; diagnostic imaging ; Temporomandibular Joint ; diagnostic imaging

To observe three-dimensional changes of dentigerous cyst-associated maxillary canines (DCAMC) in adolescents after marsupialization by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).
 Methods: A total of 34 DCAMC patients with dentigerous cyst aged 10-14 were divided into central type and lateral type, while canines on the non-cyst side served as a control. A three-dimensional reference frame was set up to analyze the position, angle changes and influential factors for DCAMC by using CBCT before operation and in 3-6 month after operation.
 Results: 1) Compared with pre-operation, there was significant vertical movement in DCAMC after marsupialization. Tip of tooth moved labially while tooth axis inclined mesiodistally; 2) Horizontal, vertical movement and mesiodistal inclination of DCAMC were significantly greater than those in the health side; 3) Compared with the lateral type DCAMC, the central type DCAMC showed a significant changes in labial inclination; 4) Horizontal movement, mesiodistal and labial inclination of lateral type DCAMC were all evidently greater than those of the central type DCAMC; 5) Vertical movement and inclination of DCAMC after marsupialization were significantly correlated to the time interval (r=0.354, 0.374, both P<0.05), while vertical movement of cuspid in health side was significantly negative correlated with the patients' age and the level of root formation (r=-0.506, -0.721, both P<0.01).
 Conclusion: DCAMC in adolescents can obtain obvious changes in position and angles after marsupialization regardless of the level of root formation, which is beneficial for further orthodontic treatment.
Adolescent ; Child ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Cuspid ; Dentigerous Cyst ; Humans ; Maxilla

The shortage of medical resources promotes medical treatment reform, and smart healthcare is a promising strategy to solve this problem. With the development of Internet, real-time health status is expected to be monitored at home by using flexible healthcare systems, which puts forward new demands on flexible substrates for sensors. Currently, the flexible substrates are mainly traditional petroleum-based polymers, which are not renewable. As a natural polymer, cellulose, owing to its wide range of sources, convenient processing, biodegradability and so on, is an ideal alternative. In this review, the application progress of nanocellulose in flexible sensors is summarized. The structure and the modification methods of cellulose and nanocellulose are introduced at first, and then the application of nanocellulose flexible sensors in real-time medical monitoring is summarized. Finally, the advantages and future challenges of nanocellulose in the field of flexible sensors are discussed.
Cellulose/chemistry* ; Hydrogels/chemistry* ; Polymers