Objective To investigate the training methods of urine and feces incontinence. Method 77 children aged 4 to 14 years with urine and feces incontinence induced by operation received induced training for pelvic floor muscle and related mescles. Abodominal muscles were trained. Regular defecation training, dilation of anus and urine tract, crede methods, Vslsava and Kegel training were conducted. Result The rehabilitation of defecation was found in 67.53% children, the urination was found in 83.12 children. Conclusion The above methods are effective in restoring defecation and urination function.

Purpose:To study the changes of t-PA ?u-PA expression and fibrinolysis molecular mark ers in patients with gastric or intestinal cancer in order to elucidate their cl inical significance. Methods:The plasma levels of t-PA ?u-PA ?u-PAR and PAP were measured by ELISA . Gen e transcription of t-PA?u-PA mRNA were detected by Real-time RT-PCR. Results:The plasma levels of u-PA?u-PAR and PAP were elevated in gastric or intestina l cancer patients ,while u-PA was markedly elevated in patients with local infi ltration?lymph node involvement or distal metastasis. u-PA mRNA was higher and t-PA was lower in gastric or intestinal cancer compared to normal tissue. Conclusions:Hyperfibrinolysis was an important factor related with m etastasis potential of gastric or intestinal cancer. t-PA may be a character of well differentiated tissue.

Objective To investigate the effect of split-bolus spectral computed tomography(CT) on the portal venography and radiation dose.Methods The prospective study was adopted.The clinical data of 119 patients who underwent spectral CT at China-Japan Union Hopital from September 2014 to March 2015 were collected.Patients were randomly divided into the portal venography with split-bolus spectral CT single-phase enhanced scan group and portal vein multi-phase scan group by random sequence method.In the portal venography with split-bolus spectral CT single-phase enhanced scan group,the spectral CT was used with the method of split-bolus single phase imaging,and in the portal vein multi-phase scan group,standard spiral CT was used to perform three-phase scan.Two observers evaluated CT portal venography subjectively and objectively,measured CT values,contrast to noise ratio (CNR),signal noise ratio (SNR),and calculated radiation dose.Observed indices included (1) choice of optimal monochromatic images.(2) CT values of portal veins,measurement of CNR and SNR.(3) Subjective scoring of portal venography quality.(4) Comparison of radiation dose.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as x ± s,comparison between groups was analyzed by independent sample t test.Comparison of count data was analyzed by chi-square test.Results The 113 patients were screened for eligibility,including 59 in the portal venography with split-bolus spectral CT single-phase enhanced scan group and 54 in the portal vein multi-phase scan group.(1) Choice of optimal monochromatic images:optimal monochromatic images were abstracted at 60 keV from spectral CT portal venography.(2) CT values of portal veins and measurement of CNR and SNR:the CT values of intrahepatic portal vein,extrahepatic portal vein and branches of portal vein were (319 ± 44) HU,(328 ± 53) HU,(294 ± 45) HU in the reconstructed images at the energy level of 60 keV in the portal venography with split-bolus spectral CT single-phase enhanced scan group and (213 ±41)HU,(228 ±49)HU,(210 ±41)HU in the portal vein multi-phase scan group,with significant differences between the 2 groups(t =8.04,6.34,6.82,P ＜ 0.05).The CNR of intrahepatic portal vein,extrahepatic portal vein and branches of portal vein were 15 ± 5,24 ± 8,22 ± 7 in the portal venography with split-bolus spectral CT single-phase enhanced scan group and 13 ± 4,20 ± 6,19 ± 6 in the portal vein multi-phase scan group,respectively,with no significant difference (t =-1.13,-1.89,-1.51,P ＞ 0.05).The SNR of intrahepatic portal vein,extrahepatic portal vein and branches of portal vein were 31 ± 6,29 ± 6,27 ± 6 in the portal venography with split-bolus spectral CT single-phase enhanced scan group and 29 ± 7,28 ± 9,26 ± 6 in the portal vein multi-phase scan group,respectively,with no significant differences (t =-0.688,0.615,0.600,P ＞ 0.05).(3) Subjective scoring of portal venography quality:the subjective score of image quality of portal venography was 14.3 ± 1.0 in the portal venography with split-bolus spectral CT single-phase enhanced scan group and 12.5 ± 1.8 in the portal vein multi-phase scan group,with a significant difference (t =12.43,P ＜ 0.05).(4) Comparison of radiation dose:the radiation dose was (8.1 ± 1.1)mSv of patients in the portal venography with split-bolus spectral CT single-phase enhanced scan group and (17.4 ± 7.5) mSv in the portal vein multiphase scan group,with a significant difference (t =24.14,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Spectral CT portal vein imaging combined with split-bolus protocol can achieve better manifestations of portal vein and its branches,and reduce radiation dose in the scanning process.

Objective To explore the protective effects and possible mechanisms of Polydatin (PD)on hypoxic-ischemia brain injury(HIBD) in neonatal rat by means of spatial learning memory and the expression of synaptophysin in hippocampal CA1. Methods Thirty-seven neonatal SD rats were divided into 3 groups at random: normal sham-operated group( no hypoxia and ischemia); HIBD group( no medication) ;PD treatment group. 7-old-day rat' s model of HIBD was established by left carotid artery ligation and 2 h hypoxia. Morris water maze test was used to evaluate cognitive function in the rats after 28-day-old( 21-day later after HI). Immunohistochemical method was used to measure the expression of synaptophysin after the end of Morris water maze test. Results Morris water maze results showed that the mean escape latency of the shamgroup (SG) ,HIBD group (HIBD) and PD treatment group (PD) were (39. 55 ±8. 08) s, (52. 37 ±8.03) s and (43.29 ± 7. 63 ) s respectirely. For PD and SG, the mean escape latency was significantly shorter than the HIBD (P ＜0.05). After training,the mean escape latency in the three groups of rats was shortened gradually. The frequency of platform crossings were 5. 29 ±2.62、2. 36 ± 1.80、4. 25 ± 1. 66 in the SG,HIBD and PD respectirely. The frequency of platform crossings in PD was higher than that of HIBD ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). The swimming time in target quadrant were ( 15.74 ± 3.85) s, ( 10. 63 ± 3.66) s and ( 14. 32 ± 2. 52 ) s in SG, HIBD and PD respectirely. For HIBD ,the swimming time in target quadrant was significantly shorter comparing to SG and PD ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). The expression of synaptophys in hippocampal CA1 in PD ( 0. 295 2 ± 0. 044 3 )were evidently higher than that in the HIBD group (0.261 2 ±0.032 3) at 3 week after operation (P ＜0. 05). Conclusion Spatial learning memory deficits and the decrease of synaptophys in hippocampal CA1 could be induced by hypoxic-ischemia. Polydatin could improve the learning and memory ability in neonatal rats following hypoxic-ischemia brain damage. The mechanisms of improvement with Polydatin treatment is associated with the enhancement of expression of synaptophys.

Objective To explore the effect of exogenesis VEGF 120 gene on the apoptosis of brain cells in the HIBD of newborn rats. Methods VEGF eukaryotic expression plasmid (pCDNA 3.1/r VEGF 120) was constructed by cloning rat VEGF 120 cDNA into eukaryotic expression vector pCDNA 3.1. The HIBD model was established with seven days old SD rats,and all rats were diveded into two groups at random :contral group 18 rats( every rat model was injected pCDNA 3.1 100 μg immediately after hypoxia-is-chemic.then raised seven days) and therapy group 18 rats (every rat model was injected pCDNA 3.1/ rVEGF 120 100 μg immediately after hypoxia-ischemic). Flow cytometer( FCM) was used to detect the ratio of apoptosis of brain cell. Results There was a significant decrease in the ratio of apoptosis brain cells( control group 17.505 ± 0.949; therapy group 8.93 ± 0. 332). Conclusion The VEGF gene product can reduce apoptosis of brain cells.

Objective: To study the hypoglycemic activity of polysaccharides from Tremella aurantialba mycelium (TMP). Methods: The anti-hyperglycemic effect of TMP was investigated in normal mice and diabetic rats induced by alloxan in comparison with phenformin and acarbose. Results: TMP not only decreased serum glucose level in normal mice, but also in diabetic rats. After i.g.TMP to hyperglycemic rats for 1w, the glucose and TG in serum were decreased obviously , but serum TC did not change remarkably. After i.g. 100 mg/(kg ?d) TMP to hyperglycemic rats for 23 d, liver glycogen and BLA did not change significantly, but serum glucose was reduced obviously compared with the control . Conclusion: TMP has obvious hypoglycemic activity and can reduce hyperlipemic complications.

Objective To investigate the protective effects and possible mechanisms of polydatin(PD) on hypoxic-ischemia brain damage(HIBD) in neonatal rat by means of the expression of intercellular cell adhesion molecule( ICAM)-1 in cortex. Methods Fifty-four SD rats were divided into 3 groups at random, shame group (no HIBD), HIBD group (no medication) ,and PD treatment group. 7day-old rat's HIBD model was established by Rice's method. ICAM-1 expression in brain after HIBD was measured in different time by Immunohistochemitry technique. Results In sham group, there were less brain microvessel immunostained positively. In HIBD group,the number of ICAM-1 immuno-positive staining blood vessels increased significantly after 6h, 12h reached peak point. ICAM-1 immunoreactive staining of blood vessels levels continued in the peak after 24h. In PD treatment group, ICAM-1 expression on brain microvascular endothelial decreased after HIBD 6h, 12h, 24h, which was significant compared with HIBD group( P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01 separately). Conclusion The expression of ICAM-1 was involved in the procedure induced by hypoxic-ischemia. After HIBD, polydatin would downregulate ICAM-1 expression in cerebral microvascular endothelial, and inhibite the inflammatory response.

AIM: To compare the main saponins extracted respectively from the fruits and the whole plant of Tribulus terrestris L. and study its marked component. METHODS: Using C 18 ODS column and Refractive Index Detector, we compared the main saponins extracted respectively from the fruits and the whole plant of Tribulus terrestris L. in quantity by RP-HPLC. RESULTS: Tigogeniin contents from herb and its fruit had distinct difference between them (P

Objective: To study the antihyperglycemic effect of flavonoids from seed (FSH) and fruit(FFH) of Hippophae rhamnoides L.on diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Methods: The STZ-induced diabetic rats were randomly divided into four groups and were given intragastrically (ig) water, metformin, FSH and FFH respectively once a day. After four weeks, the levels of serum glucose, fructosamine, lipid, protein, GSH and lactic acid (LD) were assayed. Results: FSH could reduce the levels of serum glucose, fructosamine and triglyceride significantly, increase the contents of serum total protein and albumin obviously, enhance the ability of antioxidation in STZ-induced diabetic rats. FSH also could decrease food and water intake of diabetic rats evidently. But FSH had little effect on LD, LDH, glycogen and body weight in diabetic rats. FFH was not as good as FSH. Conclusion: FSH is antihyperglycemic , and can improve the metabolic derangements of STZ- induced diabetic rats.

Objective: To investigate the imaging diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumors. Methods: The clinical features, imaging manifestations, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings and interventional therapy of 6 patients identified with pathologically confirmed primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumors were retrospectively analyzed, and the related literatures were reviewed. Results: All 6 patients presented with symptoms of abdominal pain. 4 patients had solitary hepatic mass and 2 patients had multiple hepatic masses. Magnetic resonance imaging showed low signal intensity on T1 weighted imaging, high signal intensity on T2 weighted imaging and clear boundary; the arterial phase of enhancement scan was uneven and enhanced, and portal venous phase or delayed phase showed continuous enhancement, surrounded by ring enhanced capsule. A pathological diagnosis was primary neuroendocrine tumor of the liver. After interventional treatment, 6 patients had some therapeutic effects. Among them, 4 patients underwent multiple interventional therapies, followed by 4 years of follow-up has shown satisfactory results. Conclusion Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumors are very rare and their imaging manifestations are specific. Eventually, relies on pathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis. Transarterial chemoembolization therapy can bring satisfactory results in the treatment of primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor.