Objective:To evaluate the nutritional status before and after chemotherapy in patients with colon cancer by measuring energy metabolism and body composition.Methods:Fifty-one patients with colon cancer were included and were investigated using self-control method (before and after chemotherapy).Resting energy expenditure (REE) was determined by bed metabolic instrument,and body composition was measured by body composition analyzer.Results:For all patients,the REE on the 2nd day after chemotherapy was decreased significantly compared with that before chemotherapy (P ＜ 0.05).After chemotherapy,body fat percentage and body moisture percentage were increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05),and lean body mass percentage was decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:After chemotherapy,the REE and lean body mass percentage of the patients with colon cancer were decreased,and body fat percentage and body moisture percentage were increased.

To enhance the scientific research participation of the medical postgraduates, and pro-mote core competitiveness of the medical colleges, based on analysis of the necessity of patent application in medical colleges postgraduate, we constructed the teaching teams including the medical professors, patent engineers, graduate teaching manager, and science and technology managers. The problem-based learning (PBL) and case-based learning (CBL) as teaching methods were used in practice. The patent courses included the reference search and analysis, basic knowledge of patent law, and patent application training module were constructed; and the teaching effect were evaluated and optimized through the scores of the patent basic theory test, research output, and the training of the patent application. The patent course of the medi-cal postgraduates provides a reference for cultivating the compound talents have scientific research innova-tion and patent application capability.

In recent years, the use of aluminum-containing additives in the food has received wide public attention. Many studies have shown that excessive exposure to aluminum can cause health damage to human body. This paper will review and evaluate the research progress of aluminum toxicity, domestic and international dietary aluminum exposure assessment, and the feasibility of the control measures on the aluminum intake, to provide relevant evidence for the health risk assessment of aluminum in food.

Objective To review the status of pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits and the progress of risk assessment, and to provide data support for pesticide residue research, residents' dietary exposure risks and safety risk management. Methods Domestic and international literature and research data available are reviewed and analyzed. Results This article mainly reviews the literature on the investigation of current status of pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits. It also discusses several methods and models that have been widely employed in the dietary exposure risk assessment of pesticide residues worldwide. Conclusion Pesticide residues have been frequently reported in vegetables and fruits, mainly including organophosphorus, organochlorine, carbamate and pyrethroid pesticide residues. The relevant risk assessment results indicate that different groups of people, especially those with high exposure, have cumulative dietary exposure risks to pesticides in vegetables and fruits. Although most pesticide residues have been detected at low concentrations in vegetables and fruits, they have potential toxicity risks and require continuous attention.

Objective Based on network pharmacology,molecular docking and animal experiment,this study explored the mechanism of Icariin combined with Prednisone in the treatment of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome(SRNS)in rats.Methods The targets of Icariin active components were determined by TCMSP,GeneCards and CTD databases.The targets of SRNS were screened from GeneCards,OMIM,CTD and DRUGBANK databases,Remove and integrate.Venn graph was drawn to obtain the intersection target.A protein-protein interaction network was constructed using STRING database,and core targets were screened by topological analysis using Cytoscape 3.7.2.DAVID 6.8 was employed for GO term enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment.And AutoDockTools Vina,PyMOL for molecular docking.SRNS rat model was constructed.The body weight of rats was measured,The 24-hour urinary protein quantity was detected,and the pathological morphology of renal tissue was observed by HE staining.,and the expression of core target proteins was de tected by Western blot.Results Network pharmacologic analysis showed that 139 targets corresponding to Icariin active ingredients were obtained,and 58 common targets were obtained by intersection with 1476 SRNS related targets.In PPI network,the top three degree values were Akt,JUN and IL6.KEGG enrichment analysis showed that Icariin played a therapeutic role in SRNS mainly by PI3K/AKT singnaling pathway.Molecular docking verification showed that Akt,PI3K and autophagy-related protein LC3-II had good binding activity with Icariin.Animal experiment result showed that Icariin combined with Prednisone significantly increased the body weight of SRNS rats(P<0.05),decreased the 24 hour urine protein quantity(P<0.01),and improved the glomerular morphological changes.The results of Western-blotting showed that Icariin combined with Prednisone could significantly improve the abnormal decrease of LC3-II protein and the abnormal increase of Akt and PI3K protein expression in renal tissue of SRNS rats(P<0.01).Conclusion Icariin can play a role in the treatment of SRNS through a multi-target and multi-pathway,regulate the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,and increase the autophagy activity of kidney tissue in SRNS rats,which may be one of its main mechanisms.