Purpose:To study the changes of t-PA ?u-PA expression and fibrinolysis molecular mark ers in patients with gastric or intestinal cancer in order to elucidate their cl inical significance. Methods:The plasma levels of t-PA ?u-PA ?u-PAR and PAP were measured by ELISA . Gen e transcription of t-PA?u-PA mRNA were detected by Real-time RT-PCR. Results:The plasma levels of u-PA?u-PAR and PAP were elevated in gastric or intestina l cancer patients ,while u-PA was markedly elevated in patients with local infi ltration?lymph node involvement or distal metastasis. u-PA mRNA was higher and t-PA was lower in gastric or intestinal cancer compared to normal tissue. Conclusions:Hyperfibrinolysis was an important factor related with m etastasis potential of gastric or intestinal cancer. t-PA may be a character of well differentiated tissue.

Objective To observe the behavioral and the histopathology changes and expression of NR2B subunit in spinal dorsal horn in chronic constriction injury (CCI) rats after pulsed radiofrequency (PRF). Methods Forty-eight adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into Sham-Sham (SS), Sham-PRF (SP), CCI-Sham (CS) and CCI-PRF (CP) groups. The right sciatic nerves (SNs) of the CS and CP groups were ligated to create the CCI model. For the SS and SP groups, the right SNs were separated without ligation. The CP and SP groups accepted PRF at the ligation site 15 days after modeling, while the electrode was placed in rats in the SS and CS groups without elec-tricity. The hindpaw withdrawal threshold (HWT) was measured before and 3, 7, 11, 15 days after modeling, and 1, 3, 7, 11, 15 days after treatment. The right SNs at ligation sites were assessed with optical microscopic score 15 days after treatment, and the NR2B expression in the L4-6 spinal dorsal horn were determined with Western blotting. Results HWT was significantly shorter in the CS and CP groups than in the SS and SP groups after modeling, and was more in the CP group than in the CS group. Under the optical microscope, the axonal diame-ter and myelin sheath thickness increased in the CP group compared to those in the CS group (P<0.01), the NR2B expression was less in the CP group than in the CS group after treatment (F=10.769, P<0.05). Conclusion PRF may reduce hyperalgesia and repair damaged SNs in CCI-induced neuropathic pain, which may associate with inhibition of the NR2B subunit expression in spinal dorsal horn.

Objective To evaluate the value of high frequency ultrasound in sciatic nerve of rat with diabetic neuropathy.Methods Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups:Diabetic animals were induced by intravenous injection of streptozotocin after high fat feed for 1 month,after which rats were grouped as 3-month (n =12) and 5-month (n =20) diabetes.Control group were received the streptozotocin vehicle and were classified as 3-month group (n =8) and 5-month group (n =10).Ultrasounic study of cross sectional area (CSA) and pathologic study including number and area of nerve fiber were performed at 3 and 5 months according to the disigned.Results The CSA,number and area of nerve fiber in 5 month diabetes were significantly reduced than 5-month control group (t =5.121,P ＜ 0.05; t =7.113,P ＜0.05; t =6.328,P ＜0.05).The CSA were statistically with the number and area of nerve fiber in 5 month diabetic group (r =0.732,P ＜0.05 ; r =0.715,P ＜0.05).However,the CSA had no significant correlation with the number and area of nerve fiber between 3-month diabetes and control group (P ＞0.05).Conclusions The CSA of sciatic nerve can evaluate the diabetic neuropathy of rat,which might be regarded as a potential index in diagnose of diabetic neuropathy.

The pathogenic and therapeutic effect of gut microbiome is a hot topic in recent years .Many researchers gradually focused on the relationship between the eating disorder and the gut microbiome .The gradual in-depth studies show that gut microbiome can intervene in the host′s metabolic state by multiple approaches to regulate appetite and bring new inspiration for the treatment of dis -eases.In this article, we review all important findings in this field and discuss the mechanism how gut microbiome effects appetite regu -lation.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of different amounts of iodine intake on the cellular and humoral immune in Grave's disease (GD) patients.MethodsThe clinical GD cases were diagnosed by thyroid fine needle Cytology examination.Patients in GD group are divided into GD group Ⅰ and GD group Ⅱ based on the median of urine iodine.The blood levels of FT4,FT3,TSH,TPOAb,TGAb,TRAb and TNF-t were detected.The difference and association of these parameters between these groups were analyzed.ResultsThe TNF-αt level in GD Ⅰ group was higher than that of GD Ⅱ group( P ＞ 0.05 ) ;The average level of TRAb of GD Ⅰgroup ( [ 1.4 ±0.2 ] U/L) were higher than that of GD Ⅱ group ( [ 1.2 ± 0.1 ] U/L) ( P ＜ 0.05 ) ;The positive rates of TGAb and TPOAb of GD Ⅰ group were higher than that of GD Ⅱ group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The percentages of patients with high level of TGAb and TPOAb in GD Ⅰ group ( 78.9％ 、84.2％ ) were higher than that in GD Ⅱ group (50.0％,62.5％ ) ( x2 =6.79,10.70,P ＜0.05 ) ; Analysis showed a linear positive correlation of TNF-αwith TRAb and TPOAb ( r is 0.489 and 0.563,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionIodine is an important factor to the development of Graves disease.Excessive iodine intake will exaggerate the GD condition and patients with GD should be controlled for iodine intake.

Objective To detect different animal erythrocyte hemolysins titer,and compare the application of these hemolysins in immunological experimental teaching,for selecting the better method of preparing high titer hemolysin for experimental teaching of medical immunology.Methods A total of 40 experiment rabbits were divided into 4 groups in this study,and immunized by sheep red blood cell(SRBC) and porcine red blood cell(PRBC) through different immunization procedures to prepare the hemolysin,detect and compare these 4 groups hemolysins titer by the complement hemolysis test.Results Rabbit Anti-SRBC in the group A was 1∶4 800,rabbit Anti-PRBC in the group B was 1∶1 200,rabbit Anti-SRBC in the group C was 1∶1 000,rabbit Anti-PRBC in the group D was 1∶200.Conclusion The hemolysin titer of the rabbit Anti-PRBC was lower than that of the rabbit Anti-SRBC by the same immunization procedures,and the immunization procedure by intradermal multi-point and auricular vein injection is the better method of preparing high titer hemolysin,so PRBC could replace SRBC as antigen,and immunize the rabbits for preparing hemolysin,which could be used in experimental teaching of medical immunology.

The objective of this study was to examine the inpatient bed (IB) allocation equity and utilization in Chinese city community health service centers (CHSCs). The data were derived from the Baseline Survey of National City Community Health Service System Building Project, which was conducted in 1917 CHSCs in 28 cities in 2007. The IB allocation was analyzed in terms of IB allocation quantity and distribution equity, and the IB utilization was analyzed by the IB utilization rate and average length of stay of the CHSC inpatients. The results showed that 49.3% of the CHSCs were equipped with IB; averagely, there were 45 IBs per CHSC, 0.94 IBs per 1000 people, and 0.38 nurses and 0.57 doctors per IB; the IB Gini coefficient was 0.32; the IB utilization rate was 40.06%; and the average length of stay of inpatients was 12.24 days. The conclusions were that IB allocation among the population was equitable, but the number of nurse per IB was not up to the national standard; and the CHSC IB utilization was low as a whole, thus inpatient service was not the main health service for Chinese CHSCs.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of postoperative complications and related risk factors in neurosurgery patients. Methods A retrospective study was carried out in neurosurgery patients during anesthesia recovery period from March, 2009 to November, 2013. The recorded complications included respiratory and circulatory system complications, pain, shivering, nausea and vomiting, agitation and delaying recovery. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to screen the risk factors for these complications. Results Da-ta of 13,495 patients were available for analysis. The general incidence was 48.8%. Post-operative complications included post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) (14.5%), agitation (13.5%), hypertension (13.4%), arrhythmia (9.3%), shivering (8.9%), pain (5.9%), hypox-emia (2.5%), delayed recovery (1.9%), airway obstruction (1.7%) and hypotension (0.3%). Regression analysis showed that the risk factors for hypoxemia included male,<59 years old and infratentorial tumor (P<0.05);the risk factors for PONV included male, supratentorial tu-mor, infratentorial tumor, cerebrovascular disease, inhalation anesthesia, the use of muscle relaxants antagonism and tramadol (P<0.05);and the risk factors for postoperative restlessness included male, infratentorial tumor and cerebrovascular disease, inhalation anesthesia, the use of muscle relaxants antagonism and no use of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump (P<0.05). Conclusion Patients with different neuro-logical diseases showed different post-operative complications and exhibited different risk factors for these complications. Anesthesiologists should closely monitor patients receiving various neurosurgery and provide timely treatment.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM: To observe the effect of circadian rhythms on wound healing of mouse corneal epithelium. METHODS:The C57BL/6 male mice were used in the study.A part of corneal epithelium (2 mm in diameter) was struck off by a golf-like knife to form a round wound area.The dynamics of epithelial healing in the wound area were ob-served under microscope with fluorescein staining.In addition, with related antibodies and DAPI, the dynamic changes of the neutrophils, platelets and dividing cells were also investigated.RESULTS:The healing rates in LL group (12 h light/12 h light) and DD group (12 h dark/12 h dark) were obviously slower than that in LD group (12 h light/12 h dark), mainly showing delayed re-epithelialization, decreased epithelial cells, increased diameter of blood vessel, and delayed re-cruitment of neutrophils and platelets, but more cell number.CONCLUSION:Disruption of circadian rhythms significant-ly inhibits the wound healing of corneal epithelium, mainly through delaying the inflammation and re-epithelialization, but aggravating the inflammatory responses.

Objective To study the relationship between the expression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis small heat shock protein Hsp16.3 and the apoptosis of infected mouse alveolar macrophages.Methods The laboratory mice were infected with bacterial suspension of the international standard virulent strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strains (H37Rv),Hsp16.3 gene deletion mutants of the international standard virulent of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strains(△H37Rv),or sterile saline solution (normal control)by the tail vein. After successful replication of mouse infection model in each group,we cleaved the alveolus of each group of mice and collected lavage fluid to obtain alveolar macrophages of the infected mice at days 1 ,3 ,5 ,7 ,9 ,1 1 ,1 3 and 1 5 .Then the infection status of macrophages was observed with confocal laser scanning microscopy;flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate of alveolar macrophages of the infected mice;Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 expressions were examined by Western blot.Results The apoptosis rate of Hsp16.3 gene was higher in deletion strain (△H37Rv)group and H37Rv strains (H37Rv)group than in control group.The apoptosis rate of alveolar macrophages in △ H37Rv group gradually increased,peaked at day 7 ,and then gradually decreased.It was significantly higher in H3 7 Rv group than in H3 7 Rv strain group from day 1 to 7 and from day 1 3 to 1 5 (P<0 .0 5 ).Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 protein expressions in the macrophages of△H37Rv group and H37Rv group were higher than those of control group.Caspase-3 expression in the microphages of △H3 7 Rv group and H3 7 Rv group gradually increased from day 1 to 7 and peaked at day 7;it peaked again at day 13 in H37Rv group.However,Caspase-3 expression remained significantly higher in△H37Rv group than in H3 7 Rv group (P<0 .0 5 ).Bcl-2 expression in △H3 7 Rv group did not change much at the early stage of infection (P<0 .0 5 ),but gradually increased after day 9 .Bcl-2 expression in H3 7 Rv group did did not change much from day 1 to 7 (P<0.05),but gradually increased after day 7.However,it remained lower in△H37Rv group than in H37Rv group,especially after 7 days(P<0.05).Conclusion Mycobacterium tuberculosis small heat shock protein Hsp16.3 can inhibit the apoptosis of macrophages during the early and late stages of infection,and this inhibition may be achieved by inhibiting the expression of apoptotic protease Caspase-3 and promoting the expression of Bcl-2 protein.