One of the characteristics and advantages of Chinese medicine is holism,which emphasizes harmony of human and nature.It compares the physiological and pathological change of human body with the natural normal or unmoral change by using thinking of analogy by classification,inferring the internal essence according to external synptoms and signs.And it intends to reveal body black-box,and holds physiological and pathological change from macroscopic level,but there are some fuzziness and ambiguity.With the development of morden science on the microscopic fields,some breakthroughs and theoretical systems are established.As the same,Chinese medicine holism must be micro-adjusted and establish its own micro-holism theory,which will be benefit for itself.

TCM is an opening science. With endless absorption of the contemporaneous achievement,organic combination of contemporaneous new theories,and under the guidance of the own philosophical methodology,the TCM achieves innovation and development. However,under the background of modern technology,the theory of TCM has not been innovated far insufficiently,which effects the development of TCM to a great extent.

Objective To investigate the drug use in the pediatric outpatient department of Ningbo Women & Children′s Hospital ,summarize the existing problems and analyze the causes in order to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the drug use .Methods A total of 9 000 prescriptions were randomly sampled from January to December 2015 for the statistical analysis of the drug use ,the amount of money spent on the drugs and the number of irrational prescriptions at the pediatric outpatient department in our hospital .Results Based on the amount of money spent ,the four most commonly used drugs were Chinese traditional drugs ,anti-infective ,respiratory and digestive system drugs .A total of 122 electronic prescriptions were considered as irrational drug use (1 .34% ) which include improper administration method ,wrong dosage or indications ,computer input errors ,etc .Conclusion Overall ,the drug use is appropriate at the pediatric outpatient department in our hospital .The Chinese traditional drugs are the most commonly used medications .However ,clinical doctors and pharmacists still need the comprehen-sive trainings to promote the rational drug use ,which could reduce unnecessary disputes between patients and doctors .

Objective A HPLC fingerprint method of Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus(AOF)before and after salt-processing was established,to compare the differences of chemical components between raw and processed AOF combined with chemical pattern recognition.Methods HPLC method was used to establish the fingerprint of raw and salt-processed AOF.Principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)were applied to explore the different components of raw and salt-processed AOF in different batches.Results Totally 30 and 32 common peaks in the HPLC fingerprint from the raw and salt-processed AOF were detected,respectively.And 8 of them were identified by comparison with the standards.They were peak X2(5-hydroxymethylfurfural),peak 1(protocatechuic acid),peak 2(protocatechualdehyde),peak 4(epicatechin),peak 21(chrysin),peak 22(kaempferide),peak 25(tectochrysin)and peak 26(nootkatone).The results of PCA and OPLS-DA showed that raw and salt-processed AOF can be grouped into two categories.A total of 12 components,which were considered as differential markers of raw and salt-processed AOF,were screened by method of variable importance in projection(VIP).The 12 components were peak X1,peak 26(nootkatone),peak 16,peak 3,peak X2(5-hydroxymethylfurfural),peak 25(tectochrysin),peak 15,peak 12,peak 8,peak 10,peak 17 and peak 20.Conclusion The combination of HPLC fingerprint and chemical pattern recognition can be used to analyze the quality differences of AOF before and after salt-processing.

OBJECTIVETo study the diagnosis and treatment of thymoma and to assess its prognostic factors.

METHODSThe clinical data of 116 patients with thymoma were collected. A retrospective analysis was performed, by comparing the survival rate calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method with the rate of recurrence or metastasis.

RESULTSThe standard posteroanterior and lateral chest radiographs were reliable means of detection of most thymomas. Myasthenia gravis was the most commonly paraneoplastic disease (25.0%, 29/116). The extensive radical resection was beneficial for reducing the rate of recurrence of stage I or stage II thymomas (chi(2) = 4.941, P = 0.0219). The survival time could be prolonged by postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. There was a strong correlation between the clinical stage and the histological classification (according to MH classification), through which the invasive behavior of thymoma could be predicted (chi(2) = 19.76, P = 0.007, RR = 1.47). The 3- 5- and 10-year survival rates were 81.2%, 67.9%, and 40.5%, respectively. Statistical analysis showed a significant negative correlation between the stage and the survival rate (chi(2) = 29.73, P = 0.0000, RR = 0.15).

CONCLUSIONThe prognosis of thymoma depends mainly on the histological classification, clinical stage and multimodality treatment rather than on the paraneoplastic diseases.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myasthenia Gravis ; etiology ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Thymoma ; diagnosis ; mortality ; therapy ; Thymus Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; mortality ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo study the association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T mutation and plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels with hyperlipidemia.

METHODSBlood samples were collected from 1591 adults for detecting MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), plasma Hcy levels with enzymatic cycling method, and blood lipid levels as well. The patients were divided according to the lipid levels into hyperlipidemia group (n=694) and healthy control group (n=897) and the differences in MTHFR gene C677T polymorphisms and plasma Hcy levels were compared.

RESULTSThe hyperlipidemia group and healthy control group showed no significant differences in CC, CT, or TT genotype frequencies or C and T allele frequencies of MTHFR C677T gene, and had comparable plasma Hcy levels (P>0.05). Patients with 3 different MTHFR C677T genotypes had significant differences in plasma Hcy levels (P<0.01) but not in blood lipid levels (P>0.05). Pairwise comparison indicated a significantly higher plasma Hcy level in TT genotype than in CC and CT genotypes (P<0.01), and the latter two genotypes showed no significant difference (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONMTHFR C677T polymorphisms and plasma Hcy levels are closely related but neither of them is associated with hyperlipidemia. The TT genotype is associated with a significantly higher plasma Hcy level than CC and CT genotypes.

Adult ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Homocysteine ; blood ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; genetics ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) ; genetics ; Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

ObjectiveTo explore the related factors of troublemaking behaviors among patients with mental disorders induced by amphetamine-type stimulants （ATS）， and to provide references for the formulation of relevant intervention measures for ATS-induced mental disorders. MethodsA total of 105 patients who met the diagnostic criteria of International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） for ATS-induced mental disorders were included， and classified into troublemaking group and non-troublemaking group. The general demographic data and clinical data of the selected individuals were collected， and all patients were assessed using Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS）. Then univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression model were used to screen the related factors of troublemaking behaviors. ResultsThe scores of SSRS， objective support dimension and social support utilization dimension were significantly lower in troublemaking group than those in non-troublemaking group， with statistical differences ［（24.10±6.59） vs. （28.94±5.59）， t=3.364， P=0.001； （5.50±1.96） vs. （8.20±2.13）， t=5.183， P<0.01； （4.60±2.26） vs. （6.28±1.90）， t=3.435， P=0.001］. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that male （OR=6.061， P=0.014） was a risk factor， while high social support level （OR=0.873， P=0.018） was the protective factor for troublemaking behaviors among patients with ATS-induced mental disorders. ConclusionPatients with ATS-induced mental disorders of the males and with low social support level are at high risk of troublemaking behaviors.