Objective To provide the clinical evidences for intervening the depression and anxiety in patients with chronic subdural hematoma, we investigated the incidence and the influencing factors of anxiety and depression in these patients.Methods Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were used to investigate 100 patients with chronic subdural hematoma in Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital of Capital Medical University from October 2015 to May 2016 at admission and discharged. Results The score of SAS was (45.16±8.423) and the detection rate of anxiety was 25% on admission; the score of SDS was (38.86±7.906) and the detection rate of anxiety was 29%; the scores of SAS and SDS both were higher than the national norm (t=17.227, 4.891;P<0.05). The detection rate of anxiety was 10% and the detection rate of depression was 12% at discharged; the scores of SAS (38.86±7.906) and SDS (44.15±6.772) both were also higher than the national norm (t=10.756,3.047;P<0.05).Conclusions Patients with chronic subdural hematoma have high detection rates of anxiety and depression, so we should pay sufficient attention. The doctors and nurses should regard the psychological problems when implement diagnosis and treatment of the physical diseases in patients with chronic subdural hematoma, and promptly provide clinical intervention to against anxiety, depression and other psychological problems for promoting the physical and mental health of patients.