In this experiment, the crude Fructus Crataegi, its baked product, the products baked to dark brown and baked to charcoal were compared regarding the gastrointestinal promote function of rat, the content of free acids in stomach, total acids, pepsin and nitrite as indices. As a result, the crude and the fried product possessed greater effects on the digestive ability of rats, but their nitrite content was lower. It was preliminary suggested that adding the crude and the fried product into digestant be an optimum selection

Objective To improve the diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy for young patients with malignant tumors of pancreas at the early stage, and describe the clinical characteristics of this group of patients. Methods The clinical data of 46 young patients less than forty years old with malignant tumors of pancreas received treatment and follow up, including clinical features, clinicopathological parameters, status of misdiagnosis, CA 19-9, CEA, were retrospectively reviewed. Results The main manifestations of young patients with malignant tumors of pancreas were abdominal bloating (78.26% ), epigastric discomfort (73.91%), weight loss (73.91%), loss of appetite (69.57%), abdominal pain (60.87%). Majority of the tumors were located in pancreatic head. 30 cases (65.22%) had pathological evidence of metastasis, among them 13 cases had multi-organ involvement. Pancreatic exocrine tumor accounted for 72.73% (24/33) of all the tumors, while endocrine tumor accounted for 27.27% (9/33). The positive rates of CA 19-9 and CEA were 73.91% (34/46) and 32.6% (15/46). The misdiagnosis rate of young patients with malignant tumors of pancreas was up to 80.43% (37/46). The main misdiagnoses were acute or chronic gastritis (36.96%). The rate of radical operation for young patients with malignant tumors of pancreas was 23.91%, and the median survival was 12.6 months. Conclusions The symptoms of young patients with malignant pancreatic tumors are non-speciflc and the misdiagnosis rate was high and the prognosis was poor, therefore, the early diagnosis of pancreatic malignant tumors shall be emphasized.

OBJECTIVE: To carry out prenatal diagnosis for a fetus with absent nasal bone by using cytogenetic and molecular techniques. METHODS: Chromosomal karyotyping, single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-array) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays were applied for the diagnoses. Peripheral blood samples were also taken from the parents for chromosomal karyotyping and FISH analysis. RESULTS: The fetus was found to have a 46,XX,add(21)(p11.2) karyotype, and SNP-array has revealed a 11.3 Mb duplication at 21q22.12q22.3 (hg19: 36 762 648-48 093 361), which was confirmed by FISH. Both parents were found to be normal by chromosomal karyotyping and FISH analysis. The fetus was ultimately found to have a karyotype of 46,XX,der(21)t(21;21)(p11.2;q22.1), resulting a de novo partial trisomy of 21q22.1. CONCLUSION Combined use of various techniques has enabled accurate prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling for the fetus.
Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Karyotyping ; Nasal Bone ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Trisomy/genetics*

Objective To explore the risk factors of early traumatic coagulation(TIC)in elderly patients with chest trauma.Methods The data of 113 elderly patients with chest trauma admitted in a hospital from January 2016 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into TIC group and non-TIC group according to whether they had early TIC.The risk factors of early TIC in elderly patients with thoracic trauma were analyzed by single factor and multi factor methods.Analysis of the predictive value of early TIC in elderly patients with thoracic trauma using multifactor model.Result Of all the patients included in the study,27 were determined as TIC,and the rest 86 were non-TIC.The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the data of shock index,platelet count at admission and plasma fibrinogen at admission between patients in TIC group and non-TIC group(P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the shock index at admission,platelet count at admission,and plasma fibrin at admission were all independent influencing factors of early TIC in elderly patients with chest trauma(all P＜0.05).The P value of multivariate model and independent variables predict the early TIC of elderly patients with chest trauma.The Yoden index is 36.95％,42.89％,75.58％and 78.85％respectively.Conclusion The shock index,platelet count and plasma fibrin at the time of admission can affect the early occurrence of TIC in elderly patients with chest trauma.

Objective To monitor the susceptibility of clinical isolates to antimicrobial agents in tertiary hospitals in major regions of China in 2022.Methods Clinical isolates from 58 hospitals in China were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using a unified protocol based on disc diffusion method or automated testing systems.Results were interpreted using the 2022 Clinical &Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)breakpoints.Results A total of 318 013 clinical isolates were collected from January 1,2022 to December 31,2022,of which 29.5％were gram-positive and 70.5％were gram-negative.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains in Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species(excluding Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus schleiferi)was 28.3％,76.7％and 77.9％,respectively.Overall,94.0％of MRSA strains were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 90.8％of MRSE strains were susceptible to rifampicin.No vancomycin-resistant strains were found.Enterococcus faecalis showed significantly lower resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents tested than Enterococcus faecium.A few vancomycin-resistant strains were identified in both E.faecalis and E.faecium.The prevalence of penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae was 94.2％in the isolates from children and 95.7％in the isolates from adults.The resistance rate to carbapenems was lower than 13.1％in most Enterobacterales species except for Klebsiella,21.7％-23.1％of which were resistant to carbapenems.Most Enterobacterales isolates were highly susceptible to tigecycline,colistin and polymyxin B,with resistance rates ranging from 0.1％to 13.3％.The prevalence of meropenem-resistant strains decreased from 23.5％in 2019 to 18.0％in 2022 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and decreased from 79.0％in 2019 to 72.5％in 2022 in Acinetobacter baumannii.Conclusions The resistance of clinical isolates to the commonly used antimicrobial agents is still increasing in tertiary hospitals.However,the prevalence of important carbapenem-resistant organisms such as carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa,and A.baumannii showed a downward trend in recent years.This finding suggests that the strategy of combining antimicrobial resistance surveillance with multidisciplinary concerted action works well in curbing the spread of resistant bacteria.