Objective To study the impact of rehabilitation training combined with low molecular heparin calcium on functional recovery and venous thrombosis of postoperative period of hip fracture in the elderly.Methods 86 elderly patients with hip fracture surgery were divided into the control group(43 cases)and observation group (43 cases)according to random number table method.The control group was given low molecular heparin calcium, and the observation group was given rehabilitation training combined with low molecular heparin calcium.After four weeks,the hip functional recovery and venous thrombosis occurrence were observed in the two groups.The levels of blood rheology indicators such as blood high shear viscosity,shear viscosity,low shear viscosity,erythrocyte aggrega-tion index and coagulant function index of thrombin time and D -dimer were detected.Results The scores of hip joint pain,joint function,joint mobility,deformity and Harris score in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(t =3.713,3.224,3.345,1.861 and 8.087,all P <0.05).The incidence rate of venous thrombosis in the observation group was 6.89%,which was lower than 23.26%in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =4.440,P =0.035).After 4 weeks treatment,the levels of the whole blood high shear viscosity,shear viscosity,low shear viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation index in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t =2.092,2.590,1.716 and 2.590,all P <0.05).After treatment,the level of D -dimer in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the prothrombin time in the observation group was higher than that in the con-trol group,the differences were statistical significance(t =7.510 and 2.151,all P <0.05).Conclusion The rehabil-itation training combined with low molecular heparin calcium can promote hip joint function recovery of postoperative period of hip fracture in the elderly,reduce the incidence of venous thrombosis,improve blood rheology and blood coagulation function indicators.