Bone Diseases, Infectious ; microbiology ; pathology ; Cryptococcosis ; complications ; pathology ; Forearm ; Humans ; Soft Tissue Infections ; microbiology ; pathology

OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between peripheral blood cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA level and cyclosporine A (CsA) plasma concentration among allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) recipients who received immunosuppressant treatment, and to evaluate the potential clinical value. METHODS: A total of 32 allo-HSCT patients were enrolled and their data were analyzed retrospectively. Ganciclovir was used to prevent CMV infection before the transplantation. Routine fluorescence PCR was admitted to test the blood CMV DNA level. The patients were divided into 2 groups: a CMV DNA positive group and a CMV DNA negative group. Enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique was adopted regularly to monitor the blood CsA concentration. The correlation between CMV DNA level and CsA concentration was analyzed. RESULTS: The CMV infection rate in patients who received allo-HSCT was 53.13%. The blood CsA concentration in the CMV DNA positive group was significantly higher than that in the CMV DNA negative group (P<0.05). Through the ROC curve, the area under the curve on Day 1, 7, and 14 had statistical significance compared with 0.5, and the corresponding blood CsA concentration was 203.15, 215.55, and 302.65 ng/mL, respectively. CONCLUSION Immunosuppressive drug concentration can affect the dynamic changes of CMV DNA. High blood CsA concentration may be one of the reasons for CMV infection. Monitoring the blood CsA concentration may provide guidance for clinical treatment.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Cyclosporine ; adverse effects ; blood ; therapeutic use ; Cytomegalovirus ; isolation & purification ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; prevention & control ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Female ; Ganciclovir ; therapeutic use ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; adverse effects ; blood ; therapeutic use ; Leukemia ; therapy ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical and histopathologic features of post-transplant kidney biopsy tissues from pediatric C-III donors.

METHODSThe clinical and pathologic features of 20 cases (22 case-times) of renal transplant biopsies from pediatric cadaveric donors were analyzed by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry according to the Banff system of working classification of renal allograft pathology. Biopsies were compared to those from adult C-III donors and adult cadaveric donors.

RESULTSSixteen cases (72.7%) showed renal allograft drug toxicity damage by Tacrolimus, seven cases (31.8%) showed degeneration and necrosis of renal tubular epithelial cells, four cases (18.2%) showed T cell-mediated acute rejection and six cases (27.3%) showed renal interstitial inflammation. There were two cases (9.1%) of renal dysplasia and one case (4.5%) of renal infarction. There was insufficient evidence for diagnosis of renal allograft nephropathy. Compared to post-transplant kidney from adult C-III donors, the proportion of drug toxicity damage was higher (P<0.05). Compared to post-transplant kidney from adult cadavers, the proportions of drug toxicity damage, degeneration and necrosis of renal tubular epithelial cells were higher (P<0.05) while the proportion of acute rejection was lower (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe pathologic changes in the post-transplant kidneys from pediatric donors are different from those from adult donors. Optimal long-term outcome can be accomplished by effective treatment based on timely or procedural biopsy.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Biopsy ; Cadaver ; Child ; Graft Rejection ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; adverse effects ; Infarction ; pathology ; Kidney ; blood supply ; drug effects ; pathology ; Kidney Transplantation ; Kidney Tubules ; drug effects ; pathology ; Necrosis ; Tacrolimus ; adverse effects ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Treatment Outcome

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of curcumin on the cycle arrest of human colon cancer HCT116 cells and decipher the possible molecular mechanism. MethodThe methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT） method was employed to examine the effects of curcumin （0， 12.5， 25， 50， 75， 100 μmol·L^-1） and 5-fluorouracil （5-FU， 600 μmol·L^-1） on the proliferation of HCT116 cells at different time points （24， 48， 72 h）. Flow cytometry was employed to examine the cycle of HCT116 cells treated with curcumin （0， 25， 50， 75 μmol·L^-1） and 5-FU. Western blot was employed to determine the expression of proteins in the Janus kinase 1 （JAK1）/signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 （STAT1） /cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A （p21） pathway in HCT116 cells. The binding of STAT1 to p21 promoter region was detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation （ChIP）. Small interfering RNA （siRNA） was employed to measure the role of STAT1 in regulating the expression of p21 and that of JAK1 in regulating the activation of STAT1 by Western blot and cellular immunofluorescence， respectively. ResultCompared with the blank group， the HCT-116 cells treated with curcumin and 5-FU showed decreased viability （P<0.05）， increased proportions of cells in the G₀/G₁ phase （P<0.05）， decreased proportions of cells in the S phase and G₂/M phase （P<0.05）， down-regulated protein level of phosphorylated p21 （P<0.05）， and up-regulated protein level of p21 （P<0.05）. Compared with the curcumin group， the p21 siRNA+ curcumin group presented decreased proportion of cells in G₀/G₁ phase （P<0.05）. Compared with the blank group， curcumin elevated the level of phosphorylated STAT1 （p-STAT1） （P<0.05）. Compared with the curcumin group， the curcumin + STAT1 siRNA group showcased up-regulated protein level of p21 in HCT116 cells （P<0.05）. The mechanism study showed that curcumin treatment enhanced the enrichment of STAT1 in the p21 promoter region （P<0.05） compared with the blank group. Compared with the blank group， curcumin up-regulated the level of phosphorylated JAK1 （p-JAK1） （P <0.05）. Compared with the curcumin group， the curcumin + STAT1 siRNA group demonstrated up-regulated protein levels of p-STAT1 and p21 in HCT116 cells （P<0.05）. ConclusionCurcumin may induce the cycle arrest of human colon cancer HCT116 cells by activating the JAK1/STAT1/p21 signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the value of karyotype analysis, bacterial artificial chromosomes-on-beads (BoBs), chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the diagnosis of sex chromosome numerical and structural abnormalities. Methods: Conventional G-banding staining technique was used to analyze the karyotypes of amniotic fluid cells and parental peripheral blood cells in two pregnancies with prenatal diagnosis indications. Sex chromosome numerical and structural abnormalities were analyzed based on the results of G-banding, BoBs, CMA and FISH. Results: The results of G-banding karyotype analysis showed that there were mosaics in amniotic fluid cells collected from both cases. Karyotype of Case A was 45,X[25]/46,X,idic(Y)(q11.2?)[6], and Case B was 45,X[39]/46,X,psu idic(X)(q21.32?)[44]. Parental peripheral blood karyotypes of both families were normal. Prenatal BoBs indicated copy number abnormalities in sex chromosomes (Y chromosome in Case A and X chromosome in Case B). CMA results suggested a 20.1 Mb duplication in Yp11.32q11.222, and a 7.7 Mb deletion in Yq11.222q11.23 in fetus A with possible karyotype of 46,X,idic(Y)(q11.222); for fetus B, a 92.0 Mb duplication in Xp22.33q21.32, and a 63.0 Mb deletion in Xq21.32q28 were detected, and the karyotype might be 46,X,psu idic(X)(q21.32). The mid-term FISH test of amniotic fluid cells showed that 90% of the amniotic cells from Case A were 45,X, and 10% were 46,X,idic(Y)(q11.2); about 38% were 45,X, and 62% were 46,X,psu dic(X)(q21.3) from Case B. Conclusions Numerical and structural abnormalities of sex chromosomes could be accurately diagnosed by combination of several methods including G-banding karyotype analysis, prenatal BoBs, CMA and FISH, which would help to effectively reduce birth defects.