Objective:To study the relation of angiogenesis with cell proliferative postenti al in human meningiomas.Methods:Expression of factor Ⅷ-related antigen (FⅧRAg) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was detected by immunohistochemistry in 38 specimens of human meningiomas,including 14 benign,12 atypical and 12 anaplastic (malignant) menningiomas and the correlation of microvessel density (MVD) with PCNA labellin g index (PCNA LI) was analyzed.Results:There was no significant difference in MVD between benign and atypical m eningiomas (P>0.05).MVD was higher in analplastic meningiomas than in both benign and atypical tumors (P<0.01).PCNA LI was markedly higher in anaplast ic meningiomas than in benign and atypical tumors (P<0.01). A significant c orrelation between MVD and PCNA LI was not detected in benign tumors;whereas,MVD positively correlated with PCNA LI in both atypical (r=0.518,P<0.01) and a naplastic (r=0.358,P<0.01) meningiomas. Conclusion:Angiogenesis is linked to cell proliferative potential in both atypic al and anaplastic meningiomas.

BACKGROUND:Calcium phosphate has the similar mineral component of natural bones with good bioactivity, osteoconductivity and degradability. It has been widely used in bone defect repair and coatings of implants. OBJECTIVE:To review the major properties of different-phase calcium phosphate and to summarize the application of calcium phosphate in scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering. METHODS:A computer-based search of PubMed, CNKI and VIP database was performed for relevant articles published from January 2000 to February 2015 with the key words of “osteochondral; calcium phosphate (including hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, calcium polyphosphate); tissue engineering” in Chinese and English, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Since the calcium phosphate has a variety of phases and crystaline types, a variety of materials with different structure and size can be obtained using different techniques, such as hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, calcium polyphosphate, amorphous calcium phosphate. These materials have some differences in their biological and mechanical properties, and hydroxyapatite is the most widely used. Biocomposite scaffolds with calcium phosphates appeared to have promising potential in osteochondral tissue engineering.

Despite the fact that the patency rate of saphenous vein graft(SVG) is less than those of arterial grafts,SVG is fully appreciated by cardiac surgeons and remains the most widely-used conduit for coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).Recently,thanks to the growing understanding of the pathogenesis of vein graft failure(VGF),the emergence of new drugs and the improvement of surgical techniques,the patency rate of SVG has been well improved.This article reviews the history and the current understanding of SVG,the pathogenesis of VGF,the clinical strategies that may improve the patency rate and the research prospects in this filed.

Objective To detect time-dependent change of neuritin expression in brain tissues after traumatic brain injury and discuss the effect of neuritin after brain damage occurred. Methods Forty-two rats were divided into normal group, control and experimental group. According to the postoperative time divided into 6 subgroups, including 6 hours group, 12 hours group, 24 hours group, 3 days group, 7 days group and 14 days group. Immunohistochemical and western-blot were used to detected the protein expression levels of neuritin. Results The immunohistochemical staining indicated that the positive expression of neuritin was strong in the cytomembrane and cytoplasms of the neurons, with a higher intensity, 6 hours after the operation. 12 hours after the operation last to the seventh day, the neurons with the strongest positive expression, is significantly higher than control group and normal group, significant decrease on the fourteenth day. The result of western-blot indicated that the level of neuritin protein sharply increased at 6 hours, reached the peak on 24 hours and after lasted to the seventh day, significantly higher than control group and normal group (P < 0.01), significant decrease on the fourteenth day (P < 0.05). Conclusion Up-regulation of neuritin in cerebral contusion tissues may play an important role after traumatic brain injury.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LEF1-AS1 on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells, and to explore their mechanisms.Methods:Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma SCC13 cells were divided into si-LEF1-AS1 group transfected with lncRNA LEF1-AS1 interference oligonucleotides (si-LEF1-AS1) , si-NC group transfected with lncRNA LEF1-AS1 nonsense oligonucleotides (si-NC) , miR-612 group transfected with miR-612-overexpressing oligonucleotides, miR-NC group transfected with miR-612 nonsense oligonucleotides (miR-NC) , si-LEF1-AS1+anti-miR-612 group transfected with si-LEF1-AS1 and oligonucleotides against miR-612, and si-LEF1-AS1+anti-miR-NC group transfected with si-LEF1-AS1 and miR-612 nonsense oligonucleotides. Quantitative reverse transcription (qRT) -PCR was performed to determine the relative expression of miR-612 in SCC13 cells, cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay to evaluate cellular proliferative activity, flow cytometry to detect cell apoptosis, Transwell assay to assess migratory and invasive abilities of SCC13 cells, and Western blot analysis to determine protein expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (cyclinD1) , cyclinD1 inhibitor p21, Bcl-2 family protein (Bcl-2) , Bcl-2 related X protein (Bax) , matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9. The online bioinformatics database LncBase predicted v.2 was employed to predict the complementary sequence between lncRNA LEF1-AS1 and miR-612, and luciferase reporter gene plasmids were constructed by using the complementary/non-complementary sequence, which were co-transfected with miR-612-overexpressing oligonucleotides (miR-612 overexpression group) or miR-NC (overexpression control group) into SCC13 cells in order to verify the binding ability of lncRNA LEF1-AS1 to miR-612. Statistical analysis was carried out by using t test for comparison between two groups, one-way analysis of variance for comparison among multiple groups, and least significant difference (LSD) - t test for multiple comparisons. Results:Compared with the miR-NC group, miR-612 group showed significantly decreased cellular proliferative ability, number of migratory cells and invasive cells (all P < 0.05) , but a significantly increased apoptosis rate ( P < 0.05) . The relative expression of miR-612 ( F = 150.78, P < 0.001) , cellular proliferative activity at 24, 48, 72 hours (all P < 0.05) , apoptosis rate and number of migratory and invasive cells (all P < 0.05) significantly differed among the si-LEF1-AS1 group, si-NC group, si-LEF1-AS1+anti-miR-612 group and si-LEF1-AS1+anti-miR-NC group. Compared with the si-NC group, the si-LEF1-AS1 group showed significantly increased expression of miR-612 and apoptosis rates, but significantly decreased cellular proliferative activity at 48, 72 hours, and number of migratory and invasive cells (all P < 0.05) ; compared with the si-LEF1-AS1+anti-miR-NC group, the si-LEF1-AS1+anti-miR-612 group showed significantly decreased expression of miR-612 and apoptosis rates, but significantly increased cellular proliferative activity at 48, 72 hours, and number of migratory and invasive cells (all P < 0.05) . Western blot analysis showed that the relative protein expression of cyclinD1, p21, Bcl-2, Bax, MMP-2 and MMP-9 significantly differed among the si-LEF1-AS1 group, si-NC group, si-LEF1-AS1+anti-miR-612 group and si-LEF1-AS1+anti-miR-NC group (all P < 0.001) ; compared with the si-NC group, the si-LEF1-AS1 group showed significantly increased protein expression of cyclinD1, Bcl-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9, but significantly decreased protein expression of p21 and Bax (all P < 0.05) ; compared with the si-LEF1-AS1+anti-miR-NC group, the si-LEF1-AS1+anti-miR-612 group showed significantly increased protein expression of cyclinD1, Bcl-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9, but significantly decreased protein expression of p21 and Bax (all P < 0.05) . After co-transfection with complementary sequences, the fluorescence activity was significantly lower in the miR-612 overexpression group than in the overexpression control group ( t = 21.19, P < 0.001) ; after co-transfection with non-complementary sequences, no significant difference was observed in the fluorescence activity between the miR-612 overexpression group and overexpression control group ( t = 0.28, P = 0.78) . Conclusion:lncRNA LEF1-AS1 regulates the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells, likely by targeting miR-612.

Objective:To investigate effects of long non-coding growth stasis specific protein 6 antisense RNA1 (lncRNA DLX6-AS1) on the proliferation, migration and invasion of a cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line A431, and to explore the underlying mechanisms.Methods:A dual-luciferase reporter system was used to verify the targeting relationship between lncRNA DLX6-AS1 and miR-16-5p, as well as between miR-16-5p and nuclear ubiquitous casein and cyclin-dependent kinase substrate 1 (NUCKS1) mRNA. Cultured A431 cells were divided into several groups: si-DLX6-AS1 group and DLX6-AS1-NC group transfected with lncRNA DLX6-AS1 inhibitor and its negative control respectively; anti-miR-16-5p group and anti-miR-NC group transfected with miR-16-5p inhibitor and its negative control respectively; si-NUCKS1 group and NUCKS1-NC group transfected with NUCKS1 inhibitor and its negative control respectively; si-DLX6-AS1+ anti-miR-16-5p group transfected with lncRNA DLX6-AS1 inhibitor followed by miR-16-5p inhibitor, and si-DLX6-AS1+ anti-miR-NC group transfected with lncRNA DLX6-AS1 inhibitor followed by anti-miR-NC; si-DLX6-AS1+ anti-miR-16-5p+ si-NUCKS1 group transfected with lncRNA DLX6-AS1 inhibitor, miR-16-5p inhibitor and NUCKS1 inhibitor, and si-DLX6-AS1+ anti-miR-16-5p+ NUCKS1-NC group transfected with lncRNA DLX6-AS1 inhibitor, miR-16-5p inhibitor and NUCKS1-NC. After the above treatment, real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to measure the mRNA expression of lncRNA DLX6-AS1, miR-16-5p and NUCKS1 in A431 cells, Western blot analysis to determine the protein expression of NUCKS1, Cyclin D1 antibody, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and MMP9, cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay to detect cell survival rate, and Transwell assay to evaluate cell migratory and invasive abilities. Two-independent-sample t test was used for comparisons between two groups. Results:Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed targeted binding of lncRNA DLX6-AS1 to miR-16-5p, as well as of miR-16-5p to NUCKS1. Compared with the DLX6-AS1-NC group, the si-DLX6-AS1 group showed significantly increased miR-16-5p expression in A431 cells (3.01 ± 0.31 vs. 1.02 ± 0.10, t = 18.33, P < 0.001) , but significantly decreased protein expression of NUCKS1, Cyclin D1, MMP2 and MMP9 (all P < 0.05) , and significantly decreased cell survival rate and numbers of migratory and invasive cells (all P < 0.05) . Compared with the NUCKS1-NC group, the si-NUCKS1 group showed significantly decreased protein expression of NUCKS1, Cyclin D1, MMP2 and MMP9 in A431 cells (all P < 0.05) , and significantly decreased cell survival rate and numbers of migratory and invasive cells (all P < 0.05) . After inhibition of lncRNA DLX6-AS1 expression, the si-DLX6-AS1+ anti-miR-16-5p group showed significantly decreased miR-16-5p expression in A431 cells (0.34 ± 0.04) compared with the si-DLX6-AS1+ anti-miR-NC group (1.00 ± 0.12, t = 15.65, P < 0.05) , but significantly increased protein expression of Cyclin D1, MMP2 and MMP9, cell survival rate and numbers of migratory and invasive cells compared with the si-DLX6-AS1+ anti-miR-NC group (all P < 0.05) . After inhibition of lncRNA DLX6-AS1 expression and knockdown of miR-16-5p, the si-DLX6-AS1+ anti-miR-16-5p+ si-NUCKS1 group showed significantly decreased protein expression of NUCKS1, Cyclin D1, MMP2 and MMP9 in A431 cells, as well as cell survival rate and numbers of migratory and invasive cells, compared with the si-DLX6-AS1+ anti-miR-16-5p+ NUCKS1-NC group (all P < 0.05) . Conclusion:lncRNA DLX6-AS1 can regulate the proliferation, migration and invasion of A431 cells by targeting miR-16-5p/NUCKS1, suggesting that lncRNA DLX6-AS1 may be a potential molecular target for the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

It is the infent of this study to establish a simple method for cultivation of rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells(PMVECs) and investigate the viscoelasticity of PMVECs. First, we obtained rat's peripheral pulmonary tissue, which then was cut into small pieces and cultured with 3 ml DMEM containing 20% bovine calf serum, 90 U/ml heparin, 4 mmol L-glutamine, 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 micrograms/ml streptomycin. Next, moved away the pulmonary tissue pieces 60 h later, and started passage 2-4 days after continued culture. Last, digested and separated PMVECs and studied viscoelastic coefficients of PMVECs by using micropipette aspiration technique. The results revealed that the cultured PMVECs showed regular cobblestone morphology and conformed with endothelial cells morphological characterization by phase contrast microscopy. PMVECs elastic modulus K1 was 49.3 +/- 9.2 Pa, K2 was 73.2 +/- 24.8 Pa, and it's viscosity factor mu was 19.2 +/- 7.2 Pa. s. These data demonstrate that it is feasible to cultivate PMVECs with tissue pieces method, and PMVECs is of greater rigidity.
Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Elasticity ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; physiology ; Lung ; blood supply ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Viscosity

Objective To investigate the value of renal CT volumetric texture analysis with machine learning radiomics in assessment of pathological grade of clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC). Methods Thirty-four biopsy-confirmed ccRCC subjects who had four-phase CT scanning (NC:non-contrast, CM: Corticomedullary, N: Nephrographic, E: Excretory) were collected retrospectively from June 2013 to October 2017 for the study.Non-rigid registration was performed on multi-phase CT images in reference to CM-phase.Each lesion was segmented on CM-phase CT images using our in-house volumetric image analysis platform,"3DQI".A set of fifty-nine volumetric textures,including histogram,gradient,gray level co-occurrence matrix(GLCM),run-length(RL),moments,and shape,was calculated for each segment lesion in each phase as parameters for the training/testing of Random Forest (RF) classifier. Four groups according to pathological Fuhrman grade on a scaleⅠtoⅣ,these tumors were then divided into low(Ⅰ+Ⅱ) and high grade ( Ⅲ + Ⅳ) groups. Feature selection was performed by Boruta algorithm. A 10-fold cross-validation method was applied to validate the RF performance by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the model. Results Subjects were divided into four groups by Fuhrman grade on a scaleⅠtoⅣ:3 cases gradeⅠ,19 cases gradeⅡ,8 cases gradeⅢand 4 cases gradeⅣ.In CM-phase,kurtosis and long-run-emphasis(RLE)were selected the most important textures for ccRCC staging among 59 features. The area under curve (AUC) of ROC was 0.88 (79% sensitivity and 82% specificity)by using kurtosis and RLE textures.The mean values of kurtosis and RLE were(-20.00±22.00)×10-2and(3.00±0.40)×10-2for low group,whereas(31.00±32.00)×10-2and(5.00± 0.02)×10-2for high group.Within the mean±SD range of statistics,radiomics can distinguish between low and high grade tumors.In multi-phase analysis,three most important features were selected among 236(59× 4) textures: kurtosis (CM-phase), GLCM homogeneity I (HOMO 1) (E-phase), and GLCM homogeneity 2 (HOMO2)(E-phase).The mean values of HOMO 1(E-phase)and HOMO 2(E-phase)were(19.00±0.03)× 10-2and(11.00±0.02)×10-2for low group,whereas(22.00±0.03)×10-2and(14.00±0.02)×10-2for high group. The AUC was 0.92(93% sensitivity and 87% specificity)by using these three textures. Conclusion This study has demonstrated that renal CT volumetric texture analysis with machine learning radiomics could preoperative accurately perform cancer staging for ccRCC.

Objective One of the major challenges to emergency department is to provide high quality and time sensitive service under limitation of human/material resources,along with patients population with extremely complex conditions.We presented a study that based on a big data got from real world and used wavelet transform technique to analyze time-dependent diseases spectrum patterns and evolution patterns,which will provide solid methodological support for optimizing resources configuration for acute care surgery service.Methods Record data of patients admitted to acute care surgery from 2007-2014 were collected by using data management tool (Avaintec,Helsinki,Finland).The data were cleansed and were transformed to continuing spectrum according to time series of admission time points (per 9 hours).Matlab was used for wavelet transform,and applied five levels of wavelet decomposition and calculated the best decomposition levels by K-mean algorithm for each level.Then we used aprori algorithm for data mining (frequent patterns mining).Results A total of 23 795 cases were enrolled and acute abdomens were made up biggest proportion of admission.Meanwhile,it is found that the spectrum of acute care surgery admission frequency was a complex rising sequence.After wavelet decomposition,signal wave A reflexed trends evolution in a given time scale,and noise wave D reflexed minutia at relevant time scale.In another words,a principal wave A1 represented fluctuation at a cycle of 16 days.Noise wave D1 reflected intensity level in this 16 days' cycle.For example,the 5 · 12 episodes of massive earthquake in 2008 were included in the study,it is found that a significant noise wave at D3 level that indicated a 4 days' cycle.Clinically,it indicated explosive admissions to acute care surgery in 4 days.Conclusions The admission spectrum to acute care surgery is a phenomenon of multi-scale.Based on wavelet decomposing,we can easily analyze the rule of admission spectrum from electronic records of patients and can be used for optimization the emergency medicine resources.

Aiming at the problems of missing important features, inconspicuous details and unclear textures in the fusion of multimodal medical images, this paper proposes a method of computed tomography (CT) image and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image fusion using generative adversarial network (GAN) and convolutional neural network (CNN) under image enhancement. The generator aimed at high-frequency feature images and used double discriminators to target the fusion images after inverse transform; Then high-frequency feature images were fused by trained GAN model, and low-frequency feature images were fused by CNN pre-training model based on transfer learning. Experimental results showed that, compared with the current advanced fusion algorithm, the proposed method had more abundant texture details and clearer contour edge information in subjective representation. In the evaluation of objective indicators, Q ^AB/F, information entropy (IE), spatial frequency (SF), structural similarity (SSIM), mutual information (MI) and visual information fidelity for fusion (VIFF) were 2.0%, 6.3%, 7.0%, 5.5%, 9.0% and 3.3% higher than the best test results, respectively. The fused image can be effectively applied to medical diagnosis to further improve the diagnostic efficiency.
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods* ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods* ; Algorithms