Objective: To evaluate the effect of venous anastomosis by using microvascular coupler during repair and reconstruction surgery after recection of tumor in oral and maxillofacial area. Methods: 20 patients with oral and maxillofacial tumor were chosen for repair of the defects via free flap. Microvascular coupler was applied to combine venous system,however,traditional methods were used in arterial anastomosis. Results: The average time of venous anastomosis using microvascular coupler was (5. 75 ± 0. 53) min,none of the cases were suffered from thrombosis after surgery. Vascular nerosis resulted from arterial spasm occured in 1 flap,reaching the flap survival rate of 95％(19 /20). Neck bleeding occurred in 1 case after surgery,the reflux of the anastomosed vein went smoothly when the blood clot was cleared,flap healing was unaffected. In another case,the coupler released during the surgery due to thick blood vessel wall as well as hypertension among the anastomotic edge,the vessels were manually sutured. Conclusion: With the appropriate indications, application of microvascular coupler may shorten the operating time,without affecting the effect of vascular anastomosis. The possibility of coupler loosing should be alarmed when bumped into great anastomotic tension or thick wall of the vein.

Laboratory animals are the foundational conditions and indispensable technical support in life science research and biomedical industry development. The scientific development of animal models of diseases is of great significance to biomedical research and industrial development. In light of the booming development of multiple emerging in vitro modelling technologies over the past decade, in 2022, the U.S. Senate unanimously passed the bill FDA Modernization Act 2.0. This bill rescinded the requirement for animal testing in investigating the safety and effectiveness of a drug—a federal mandate since 1938, and highlighted the potential of various in vitro disease modeling approaches in future biomedical fields. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the latest advances and applications of in vitro disease modeling approaches in academia and industry followed by an interpretation of the FDA bill, namely cell culture, organoid, organ-on-a-chip, 3D bio-printing model and computer-based model. The paper next introduces the crossed applications of various disease models and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each system, thereby providing insights into future trends in the use of animal disease models in China.