The structure, karyotype and behavior of synaptonemal complex (SC) in the spermatocytes of hedgehog (Erinaceus euroaaus dealbatus (insectivora)) were analyzed by light and electron microscopy with a modified surface spread preparation which involves the use of sodium dodecyl-sulphate (SDS) and silver staining. The lateral elements of the synaptonemal complex have a constant width of about 50 nm, the distance between the two lateral elements is about 100 nm. The relative length and arm rationale constant for each autosomal SC. The relative length and arm ratio constant for ea of the autosomal SCs are very similar to that of mitotic autosome.The X and Y chromosome axes have a clear morphological distinction from the autosomal SC. The axes of X and Y chromosome pair and form a SC of certain length at pachytene stage. The axes of unpaired X and Y chromosome are heteropycnotic and display various morphological complexities. But these differentiations in hedgehog are primary than in other mammalians, such as human and mice. At pachytene stage the X and Y chromosome display an extensive side-by-side pairing segment with decreasing length as meiotic prophase progressed.

Objective Xenografts have poor biocompatibilities,the aim of this study was to improve the biocompatibilities of decellular xenografts via heparin/dihydroxy-iron complex multilayeres (HDCMs) nanomodification.Methods A novel thrombo-resistant surface for decellular xenograft had been developed by alternating linkage of dihydroxy-iron and heparin to decellular bovine jugular vein (DC-BJV),and surface characterization and biocompatibility of HDCMs nanomodified BJV (HDCMs-BJV) were detected.Results Toluidine blue colorimetric method showed the amount of linked heparin was about (808 ±86) μg/cm2 per assembly-cycle.SEM images proved HDCMs were uniformly linked to and formed nanoscale films around the fibrils of DC-BJV.Washing test proved HDCMs were firmly linked to BJV and sustainedly released heparin for a long time.Tensile test showed that biomechanical stability was increased.Antithrombogenicity test showed that the activated partial thrombin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) of all trial groups were above the normal reference ranges.Platelet adhesion test evaluated mean platelet count per 10 000 μm2 area was 8 ±4 for HDCMs-BJV vs.48 ± 16 for DC-BJV.Endothelial cells (ECs) proliferation test showed the number and activity of ECs on luminal surface of HDCMs-BJV were very similar to DC-BJV at 7-day incubation.Calcium content assay evaluated mean calcium content was ( 8.5 ± 1.9 ) μg/mg dry weight for HDCMs-BJV vs.(26.6 ± 3.7) μg/mg dry weight for DC-BJV at 4 weeks and (21.5 ± 6.8 ) μg/mg dry weight for HDCMsBJV vs.( 112.6 ± 16.9) μg/mg dry weight for DC-BJVs at 8 weeks,respectively.Conclusion These results demonstrate HDCMs were firmly linked to BJV and formed nanoscale thrombo-resistant films,and HDCMs nanomodification improves biocompatibilities of decellular xenograft.

OBJECTIVE: To improve the hemocompatibility of decellular vascular matrix via heparin-iron complex multilayers (HICMs) nanomodification. METHODS: A novel thrombo-resistant surface for decellular xenograft was developed by alternating linkage of dihydroxy-iron and heparin to decellular bovine jugular vein (DC-BJV), and its surface characterization, biomechanical stability and hemocompatibility were detected by scanning electron microscopy, tensile test and hemocompatibility evaluation, respectively. RESULTS: A toluidine blue colorimetric method indicated the amount of linked heparin was about (808±86) μg/cm2 per assembly-cycle. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images proved that HICMs were uniformly linked to and formed nanoscale films around the fibrils of DC-BJV. Toluidine blue staining histologic images showed that HICMs were linked mainly to DC-BJV surfaces. Washing test showed that the release of heparin was (281±43), (422 ± 60), (729±81), (1053±116), (1317±157), (1618±187) and (1945 ± 268 ) μg/cm(2) at 1 day, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 week washing, respectively. Tensile tests showed an increased biomechanical stability. Hemocompatibility evaluations showed that PT and APTT of all the trial groups were above the normal reference ranges and that mean platelet count per 10000 μm2 area was 8±4 for HICMs layer-by-layer modified BJV (LBL-BJV) vs 48±16 for DC-BJV. CONCLUSION HICMs are firmly linked to DC-BJV, and can form nanoscale thrombo-resistant films, which yield a sustained release of heparin. HICMs nanomodification improves the hemocompatibility of decellular xenograft.
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis ; Cattle ; Cell-Free System ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Heparin ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Iron ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Jugular Veins ; Nanostructures ; chemistry ; ultrastructure ; Surface Properties ; Tissue Scaffolds ; Transplantation, Heterologous

Objective: Understand the clinical characteristics of confirmed pneumonia patients infected with new corona virus in secondary epidemic areas and guide the diagnosis and treatment of novel pneumonia in secondary epidemic areas and provide a reference for clinical prevention and control of the epidemic situation. Methods: The clinical data of 33 patients admitted with pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 15 to February 1, 2020, were retrospectively reviewed. At the onset of the disease, we analyzed the primary symptoms such as fever, cough, fatigue, chest tightness, chest pain and also a significant blood test results of the patients. According to the patient's contact history, it was divided into the direct infection group of the main epidemic area and the indirect contact infection group of the main epidemic areas. The difference between clinical manifestations among the two groups was analyzed. Results: The main clinical symptoms of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia in the secondary epidemic area were respiratory tract and systemic symptoms. After grouping according to the presence and absence of direct contact in the main epidemic area, there was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups, and there was no significant difference in symptoms and signs between the two groups (P < 0.05). Some patients had serum amyloid protein (SAP) increased abnormall. Conclusions The respiratory tract and systemic symptoms are the primary symptoms of the patients with the new type of coronavirus pneumonia in the secondary epidemic area, which are not typical. The abnormal increase of serum amyloid protein (SAA) may be used as an auxiliary index for diagnosis and treatment.