Objective:To compare the effect of pressure‐controlled ventilation‐volume guarantee(PCV‐VG) with that of vol‐ume‐controlled ventilation(VCV) in patients undergoing spinal surgery in prone position .Methods:A total of 60 patients under‐going selective spinal surgery in prone position ,who were classified as GradeⅠto GradeⅡby American Society of Anesthesiolo‐gists(ASA) criteria and weighed 43‐80 kg ,were randomly divided into VCV group and PCV‐VG group with 30 cases in each . In VCV group ,the ventilation mode was VCV with tidal volume of 8 mL/kg and Inspiration/Expiration ratio of 1∶2 ,respira‐tory rate of 12 breaths/min and pressure limit of 30 cmH2 O .In PCV‐VG group ,the ventilation mode was set as PCV‐VG and the other settings were same as those in VCV group .Heart rate ,mean artery pressure ,tidal volume ,minute volume ,mean air‐way pressure ,airway peak pressure ,end‐tidal pressure of carbon dioxide were recorded immediately after tracheal intubation (T1) ,immediately before the patients were turned to prone position(T2) ,30 min after the patients were turned to prone posi‐tion(T3) ,immediately after the end of surgery(T4) and immediately after the patients were turned to supine position(T5) ,and dynamic lung compliance was calculated .Results:Compared with those in VCV group ,mean airway pressure and airway peak pressure in PCV‐VG group significantly decreased at T2 ,T3 and T4 ,while dynamic lung compliance increased(P< 0 .05) . Conclusions:Compared with VCV ,PCV‐VG can guarantee the effect of mechanical ventilation ,reduce the risk of airway pres‐sure injury ,and impact less on respiratory function ,in patients undergoing spinal surgery in prone position .