Objective To evaluate the value of magnetic resonance thoracic ductography (MRTD)and magnetic resonance (MR) pelvic scanning in the chylous leakage of female reproductive system.Methods A retrospective evaluation of the imaging findings of MRTD and MR pelvic in 7 patients was performed,and compared with direct lymphangiography (DLG),lymphoscintigraphy and surgery.Results The rate of thoracic duct visualization in DLG was 71 .4% (5/7 ).The rate of venous angle visualization inlym-phoscintigraphy was 71.4% (5/7).The rate of thoracic duct visualization in MRTD was 100% (7/7).Except for 1 case withgeneral-ly normal findings,the remaining 6 cases showedobstruction of the thoracic duct in MRTD.Among those cases,bilateral drainage was found in 1 case,right thoracic ductwas seen in 1 case,multiple tortuous dilated lymphatic channelsaround the venous angle was detected in 4 cases,and multiple lymphangiomas was seen in 1 case.All of the 7 patients were conducted by surgery.6 cases were confirmed as obstruction of the thoracic duct.MRTD & MR pelvic found more multiple lymphangiomas lesions and detected 2 cases with bone abnormalities.Conclusion MRTD combined with MR pelvic could provide more comprehensive assessment of female re-productive system chylous leakage.It should be used as routine examination before operation.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for intracranial infection after external ventricular drainage and provide basis for preventing and controlling the drainage-associated intracranial infection. Metheds the clinical data from three hundred sixty-seven cases of ventricular hemorrhage patients were retrospectively analyzed, using Logis?tic regression to screen risk factors of intracranial infection after external ventricular drainage. Results There were 29 cases with intracranial infection and infection rate was 8.19%, 8.04% and 7.32% at ventricle drainage tube indwelling 1-week group, 2-week group and 3 week-group, respectively. Glasgow coma score (GCS) [OR= 2. 569 CI (1.792 3.378) %, P< 0.05), urokinase perfusion (OR= 2.897, 95%CI (1.297 5.061), P< 0.05), cerebrospinal fluid sampling (OR= 3.399, 95%CI (2.705 4.175), P< 0.01] and comorbidities [OR= 3.751, 95%CI (2.032 5.371), P< 0.01] were risk factors for ventricle drainage operation. Conclusion Ventricle drainage tube indwelling 3 weeks is safe. Less use of urokinase perfusion and cerebrospinal fluid sampling and active treatment of comorbidities diseases can reduce the intra?cranial infection incidence of external ventricular drainage after Intraventricular hemorrhage .

Coronary artery diseases (CAD) have always been serious threats to human health. The measurement, constitutive modeling, and analysis of mechanical properties of the blood vessel wall can provide a tool for disease diagnosis, stent implantation, and artificial artery design. The vessel wall has both active and passive mechanical properties. The passive mechanical properties are mainly determined by elastic and collagen fibers, and the active mechanical properties are determined by the contraction of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Substantial studies have shown that, the two-layer model of the vessel wall can feature the mechanical properties well, and the circumferential, axial and radial strain and stress are of great significance in arterial wall mechanics. This study reviewed recent investigations of mechanical properties of the vessel wall. Challenges and opportunities in this area are discussed relevant to the clinical treatment of coronary artery diseases.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Coronary Vessels ; Humans ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Stress, Mechanical

Our previous studies found that mitochondrial uncouplers CCCP and niclosamide inhibited artery constriction and the mechanism involved AMPK activation in vascular smooth muscle cells. BAM15 is a novel type of mitochondrial uncoupler. The aim of the present study is to identify the vasoactivity of BAM15 and characterize the BAM15-induced AMPK activation in vascular smooth muscle cells (A10 cells). BAM15 relaxed phenylephrine (PE)-induced constricted rat mesenteric arteries with intact and denuded endothelium. Pretreatment with BAM15 inhibited PE-induced constriction of rat mesenteric arteries with intact and denuded endothelium. BAM15, CCCP, and niclosamide had the comparable IC value of vasorelaxation in PE-induced constriction of rat mesenteric arteries. BAM15 was less cytotoxic in A10 cells compared with CCCP and niclosamide. BAM15 depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential, induced mitochondrial fission, increased mitochondrial ROS production, and increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate in A10 cells. BAM15 potently activated AMPK in A10 cells and the efficacy of BAM15 was stronger than that of CCCP, niclosamide, and AMPK positive activators metformin and AICAR. In conclusion, BAM15 activates AMPK in vascular smooth muscle cells with higher potency than that of CCCP, niclosamide and the known AMPK activators metformin and AICAR. The present work indicates that BAM15 is a potent AMPK activator.