Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone mass and impaired micro-architectural structure, leading to an increased susceptibility to fractures. It is a complex, multifactorial disorder resulting from genetic factors, environmental factors and gene-environment interactions. Currently there are three opinions on the main pathogenesis of primary osteoporosis in traditional Chinese medicine: kidney deficiency, spleen deficiency, and spleen-kidney deficiency, in which disagreement remains. In this paper, the authors combine the modern etiology of osteoporosis to explain scientific connotation of the three opinions, aiming to comprehend the pathogenesis of primary osteoporosis and strengthen the communication between traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, and trying to evaluate the clinical curative effect on osteoporosis.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) and p-MARCKS during cerebral ischemia. METHODS: The multi-cerebral infarction model was established by method of Kaneko. The stroke symptoms and signs scoring system were used to evaluate the animal model. Microscope and electronic microscope were used to watch the structure of rat brain. The expression of MARCKS and p-MARCKS was measured by Western blotting. The expression pattern of these proteins was further analyzed for their distribution at cellular level by immunohistochemistry staining of the tissues. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression of MARCKS and p-MARCKS protein in acute ischemic brain were elevated compared with the normal and control group (P

AIM: To observe the effect of Shenmai injection,a chinese medicine,on apoptosis of cardiac myocytes after hypoxia.METHODS: Cardiac myocytes were separated from neonate rat heart and cultivated in vitro.Hypoxia condition was induced by mixture of 95%N2 and 5%CO2.Cells were exposed to hypoxia for 6 h or 12 h and treated with Shenmai injection(5 mL/L) from 24 h before hypoxia until the end of hypoxia.First,apoptosis was detected with Annexin V-FITC and PI staining by flowcytometry.Then,the activity of cardiac myocyte mitochondria was observed by MTT method.Mitochondria membrane potential and the activity of caspase 3,7 were also measured by laser scan microscopy and multi-detection microplate reader,respectively.RESULTS: The apoptotic cells became more and more with prolonged hypoxia.Shenmai injection enhanced mitochondria activity,kept membrane potential,inhibited the activation of caspase3,7 and then decreased apoptotic cells(P

AIM: To study the effect of Tribulus terrestris L. saponin (TTLS) on apoptosis and changes in cytosolic calcium concentration induced by hypoxia/re-oxygenation in rat cortical neurons. METHODS: Rat cortical neurons in primary culture were used, and a apoptosis model was induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation. LDH releasing rate was detected by spectrophotometry. The apoptosis rate of cortical neurons was analyzed quantitatively by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC and PI staining. Intracellular free Ca2+([Ca2+]i) was observed with a confocal laser-scanning microscope and determined by mean fluorescent value with Fluo-3 fluometry. RESULTS: Compared to control group, three hours of hypoxia and twelve hours of reoxygenation group induced cortical neuronal apoptosis and significantly increased the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration(P

Objective To investigate ultrasound guidended nerve block of femoral nerve in emergency operation.Methods 40 patients who planned to accept surgery of feet,lower limb under knee.They were randomly devided into 2 groups:ultrasound guidended group and the control group.Femoral nerve and Sciatic nerve were blocked by ultrasound guidended technique or classic landmark technique.1.5% lidocaine was administered for nerve block.Sensory block was observed every 5 minutes in 30 minutes.Onset time,effect of anesthesia,algesia time and complications were recorded.T-test and varience difference were applied.Results The onset time of local anesthetics was faster in the ultrasound guided group than that of the control group.Effect of analgesia was better in in the ultrasound guided group than that of the control group. Conclusion Nerve block of femoral nerve and the sciatic nerve guided by ultrasound was better than the classic technique.

Objective To investigate the application of computer radiography system in combination with high kV radiography technique to diagnose cardiac disease.Methods 30 patients with cardiac disease were taken chest photographs,which chest photographs by CR system and high kV radiography technique were compared with these by common high kV radiography.Results The good rate of air tube occupied is 98% in therapy group,but the rate is only 70% in common group.The discrepant comparison is significant differences.Conclusion It is more significant that CR system in combination with high kV radiography technique than common photograph to diagnose cardiac disease.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Tribulus terrestris L. saponion (TTLS) on apoptosis in cortical neurons induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation in rats. METHODS: Primary culture of rat cortical neurons was performed in vitro. A model of apoptosis of cortical neurons was established by hypoxia and reoxygenation. Hypoxia for 3 h in neural cells was induced with mixture of 95% N(2) and 5% CO(2), and then reoxygenation in neural cells was induced with mixture of 95% O(2) and 5% CO(2) for 12 h. Different concentrations of TTLS were administered to traditional Chinese herbal medicine-treated group separately during hypoxia and reoxygenation. The apoptosis rate was analyzed quantitatively by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide staining. Mitochondria membrane potential was observed by a confocal laser-scanning microscope with JC-1 fluorescence. Caspase-3/7 activity in cytoplasm was measured by fluorescent plate reader. Bax protein expression was observed by immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS: The percentage of apoptosis was significantly increased, mitochondria membrane potential was obviously decreased, fluorescence of caspase-3/7 activity was increased, and Bax protein was abundantly expressed followed by 3 h of hypoxia and 12 h of reoxygenation (P<0.01). TTLS could inhibit the depression of membrane potential induced by hypoxia and reoxygenation, decrease the activity of caspase-3/7, reduce the expression of Bax protein, and inhibit the apoptosis of the cortical neurons. CONCLUSION: Hypoxia and reoxygenation can induce apoptosis of rat cortical neurons. TTLS can decrease the apoptosis induced by hypoxia and reoxygenation. The mechanism might be related to stabilization of mitochondria membrane potential, inhibition of caspase activity and reduction of Bax protein expression.

AIM: To observe the dynamic alteration of myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate(MARCKS) mRNA expression in rat hippocampus with acute multi-cerebral infarction,and discuss the relationship between the alteration of hippocampus MARCKS gene and ischemia damage.METHODS: The acute multi-cerebral infarction model was established by method of Kaneko.Neurological function deficits were evaluated in the behavior test.The consequences of cerebral ischemic damage were examined by histopathological analyses.The MARCKS mRNA expression was measured by semi-quantitative PCR.RESULTS: The rats in acute multi-cerebral infarction group showed different level changes of neurological function deficits.The hippocampus damage of histopathology became significant 24h after ischemia.At the same time,the MARCKS mRNA expression was upregulated at the area of rats hippocampus during ischemia,and its overexpression started 1h after ischemia,and reached maximum7d after ischemia.CONCLUSION: MARCKS mRNA of rat hippocampus overexpresses during acute cerebral ischemia.This MARCKS mRNA overexpression is related with hippocampus ischemia damage.

OBJECTIVETo study apoptosis-regulating cytokines and apoptosis on focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rats treated with Xinnao Shutong capsule.

METHODRat models of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion were established by thread ligation in middle cerebral artery occlusions (MCAO). After 24 hours, the brains were removed to detect changes of protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2, Fas, Fas-L and caspase-3 by immuno-hisochemistry, and apoptosis of cortical neurons by TUNEL RESULT: Compared to control, brain cortex have decreasing the protein expression of Bcl-2 and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, increasing the protein expression of Bax, Fas, Fas-L and caspase-3 of ischemia and reperfusion models group (P < 0.01). Xinnao Shutong capsule group could increase the protein expression of Bcl-2 and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, and obviously decrease the protein expression of Bax, Fas, Fas-L and caspase-3, then reduce the number of apoptotic cells of cortex (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONXinnao Shutong capsule protect injured rat brain tissue, may be related to decrease neuronal apoptosis and adjusted protein expression of apoptosis-regulating cytokines.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; surgery ; Capsules ; administration & dosage ; Cerebral Infarction ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; surgery ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion

A case of ichthyosis follicularis,alopecia and photophobia syndrome caused by a novel mutation c.1165C＞T in the membrane-bound transcription factor protease site 2 (MBTPS2) gene was firstly reported.The proband presented with dry skin,congenital hairlessness,follicular keratotic papules,photophobia,epilepsy,and mental and motor retardation.Next-generation and Sanger sequencing analysis confirmed that the proband and his mother both had a c.1165C＞T (p.pro389Ser) mutation in exon 9 of the MBTPS2 gene.According to the clinical manifestations of the patient and genetic characteristics of the MBTPS2 gene mutation,the patient was diagnosed with ichthyosis follicularis,alopecia and photophobia syndrome.