BACKGROUND:The anesthesia process is required strict in establishing rabbit models of ileal neobladder. It is required for cleaning operation field, quick postoperative recovery, and the choice of anesthetics and anesthesia does not influence smooth muscle peristalsis. OBJECTIVE:To compare the anesthetic effects between urethane and chloral hydrate in rabbits with ileal neobladder. METHODS:Eighteen rabbits were randomly assigned to urethane and chloral hydrate groups, and were respectively anesthetized with 20% urethane 5 mL/kg and 10% chloral hydrate 2 mL/kg through the ear vein. Double ureter was dissociated at 1 cm outside original bladder, and 15 cm-intestine obtained from 10 cm of ileocecal junction was implanted so as to establish models of ileal neobladder. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Heart rates were significantly lower compared with these before anesthesia in al cases (P≤ 0.05), but no differences were detected between two groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the chloral hydrate group, the maintain time and recovery time were longer and the mortality rate was higher in the urethane group. Above data indicated that chloral hydrate is a safe long-acting anesthetic in establishing rabbit models of ileal neobladder.

A novel and highly sensitive voltammetric enzyme-linked immunosensor was developed based on tyramine) oxidation deposition. It was shown that gold nano-particles(colloid Au) could be used as a platform to immobilize antibodies by adsorption. By a sandwich immunossary format with goat-anti-human IgG labled Horseradish peroxidase(HRP) as the second antibody and catalytic amplification by biotin-tyramine, the immunosensor′s) catalytic ability to hydrogen peroxide increased nearly 20 times), the sensor exhibitd a linear response to human IgG in the concentration range from 1.5 μg/L-22 mg/L, and the detection limit was 0.1 μg/L), the regression equation could be expressed as Δi_p(μA) =2.8859c(mg/L)+17.152 with a correlation) coefficient of 0.9872. The immunosensor can be used to quantitatively determine hIgG in the sample) of human serum).

Objective To investigate the prevalence status of overweight and obesity among the middle‐aged and elderly pop‐ulations in southwest area and their influence factors .Methods By adopting the stratified cluster sampling method ,the mode of the questionnaire investigation combined with the physical examination was adopted to collect the effective data in 7 205 permanent resi‐dents aged 40-79 years old in cities and countries of Chongqing and Chengdu ,including the contents of age ,waistline ,hipline ,dias‐tolic blood pressure ,heart rate ,postprandial blood sugar ,triglyceride ,exercise frequency ,uric acid ,etc .The prevalence rates of over‐weight and obesity among the middle‐aged and elderly populations in southwest area and their distribution characteristics in cities and countries ,and in male and female populations were described .The related influence factors of overweight and obesity were in‐vestigatedResults The prevalence rate of overweight was 35 .91% among the middle‐aged and elderly populations in southwest area (37 .02% for cities ,32 .92% for countries ,33 .84% for males and 37 .41% for females);the prevalence rate of obesity was 11 .40%(11 .13% for cities ,11 .40% for countries ,8 .94% for males and 12 .84% for females);among them ,the overweight rate in cities was higher than that in countries ,the overweight rate in females was higher than that in males .The obesity rate in females was higher than that in males(P<0 .01) ,the obesity rate had no difference between cities and countries(P>0 .05) .The multivariate re‐gression analysis showed that lack of exercise ,overweight or obesity family history were the risk factors of male overweight and o‐besity ,while the difference between cities and countries ,lack of exercise were the risk factors of female overweight and obesity .Con‐clusion The overweight and obesity rates among the middle‐aged and elderly populations in southwest area are high ,the body mass in nearly half of people exceeds the normal standard .Strengthening the overweight and obesity related health education in communi‐ties and restraining the serious trend of overweight in the population of this area have an important significance for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases .

OBJECTIVETo identify the characteristics of and evaluate surgical impact on idiopathic macular hole (IMH) by using an optical coherence tomography (OCT) scanner.

METHODSSixty-five cases (70 eyes) experiencing IMH were examined using OCT, then graded by their clinical characteristics. Nineteen cases (19 eyes) were scanned and measured using OCT before and after surgery.

RESULTSOf the 70 eyes,the number of stage I-IV macular holes were 11, 12, 36 and 11, respectively. For stage I holes, the OCT images revealed flattened or nonexistent fovea and minimally reflective space within or beneath the neurosensory retina; stage II holes appeared to be full-sized with attached operculum and surrounding edema; stage III holes were also full-sized with surrounding edema; finally, stage IV holes were full-sized and completely separated the posterior hyaloid membrane from the retina. Through quantitative measurements, OCT determined that the values for mean hole diameter, mean halo diameter and mean thickness of the hole's edge were reduced from 570.95 +/- 265.59 to 337.05 +/- 335.95 microm, 1043.53 +/- 278.8 to 695.00 +/- 483.00 microm and 389.78 +/- 60.58 to 298.78 +/- 109.80 microm, respectively in 19 IMH cases after surgery. In 17 eyes, the holes or halos eventually closed or were reduced in size, or the edges of the holes thinned out. The anatomic successful rate of the surgery was 89%.

CONCLUSIONOCT can exhibit the characteristics of IMH and measure the diameter of holes quantitatively. This method can also judge the surgical impacts of IMH objectively, accurately and effectively.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Macula Lutea ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retinal Perforations ; pathology ; surgery ; Tomography ; methods

Objective? To explore the intervention effects of the group self-affirmation training on the stigma in the rectal cancer patients with colostomy. Methods? By convenience sampling, 89 rectal cancer patients with colostomy in Yancheng Third People's Hospital from April 2017 to April 2018 were selected and divided into the experimental group (n=45) and control group based on the random number table(n=44).The experimental group received group self-affirmation training on the basis of the conventional nursing care while the control group received the conventional nursing care. The self-designed General Information Questionnaire, Social Impact Scale(SIS), Self-Esteem Scale(SES) were used to evaluate the stigma and level of self-esteem before and after intervention. Results? Before intervention, the two groups had no statistical difference in the scores of stigma (t=-0.323, P=0.747) and level of self-esteem(t=-0.270,P=0.788); after intervention the experimental group had lower scores than the control group in stigma (t=-3.008, P＜0.01) and higher scores than the control group in self-esteem(t=4.033, P＜0.01) with statistical significance. Conclusions? Group self-affirmation training can reduce the stigma of rectal cancer patients with colostomy and improve their self-esteem.

Objective    To analyze the risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG). Methods     The PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang data, CBM, VIP, CNKI were searched by computer for researches on risk factors associated with the development of AKI after OPCABG from the inception to March 2022. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of included studies. Results    A total of 18 researches were included, involving 9 risk factors. The NOS score of all included studies was≥6 points. Meta-analysis results showed that age [OR=1.03, 95%CI (1.01, 1.06), P=0.020], body mass index (BMI) [OR=1.10, 95%CI (1.05, 1.15), P<0.001], history of hypertension [OR=1.45, 95%CI (1.27, 1.66), P<0.001], history of diabetes [OR=1.50, 95%CI (1.33, 1.70), P<0.001], preoperative serum creatinine level [OR=2.05, 95%CI (1.27, 3.32), P=0.003], low left ventricular ejection fraction [OR=4.51, 95%CI (1.39, 14.65), P=0.010], preoperative coronary angiography within a short period of time [OR=2.10, 95%CI (1.52, 2.91), P<0.001], perioperative implantation of intra-aortic balloon pump [OR=3.42, 95%CI (2.26, 5.16),  P<0.001], perioperative blood transfusion [OR=2.00, 95%CI (1.51, 2.65), P<0.001] were risk factors for AKI after OPCABG. Conclusion    Age, BMI, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, preoperative serum creatinine level, low left ventricular ejection fraction, preoperative coronary angiography within a short period of time, perioperative implantation of intra-aortic balloon pump, perioperative blood transfusion are risk factors for AKI after OPCABG. Medical staff should focus on monitoring the above risk factors and early identifying, in order to prevent or delay the onset of postoperative AKI and promote early recovery of patients.