To provide a support to the clinical application of alendronate (Alen) on cytology, we studied the effects of Alen on the function of osteoblasts. In this experiment, we observed the influence of MG63 cell line co-incubation with Alen at concentrations of 1 x 10(-9) mol/L, 1 x 10(-7) mol/L or 1 x 10(-5) mol/L on the osteoblastic function (proliferation, cell morphology, alkali phosphatase (ALP) activity, expression of type I collagen and effect of calcium deposition). The proliferation, cell morphology, ALP activity and type I collagen synthesis of MG63 were not affected by Alen at concentration of 1 x 10(-9) mol/L and 1 x 10(-7) mol/L, but the ALP activity as well as type I collagen production were promoted at higher concentration (1 x 10(-5) mol/L). The calcium deposition of MG63 could be increased at the lower concentration (1 x 10(-9) mol/L), while it was inhibited at the higher concentration. In conclusion, Alen at low concentration can promote the mineralization ability of osteoblasts to a certain extent, and this benefits the bone formation.
Alendronate ; pharmacology ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Bone Density Conservation Agents ; pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Collagen Type I ; metabolism ; Humans ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; Osteogenesis ; drug effects

Disease recurrence is a main challenge in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There is no generally accepted method for preventing recurrence of HCC after resection.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and P2X3 receptors in dorsal root ganglions (DRGs) of rats with neuropathic pain (NP).Methods Thirty-six healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 4-6 weeks,weighing 180-200 g,in which IT catheters were successfully implanted,were divided into 3 groups (n=12 each) using a random number table method:sham operation group (group S),group NP and endogenous H2S synthase (cystathionine beta-syntheses [CBS]) inhibitor animooxyacetic acid (AOAA) group (group A).NP was induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) to the sciatic nerve at 3 days after IT catheters were successfully implanted.AOAA (10 μg/kg) 10 μl and normal saline 10 μl were intrathecally injected once a day for 14 consecutive days starting from 1 day after CCI in group A,and normal saline 20 μl was intrathecally injected instead in S and NP groups.At 1 day before CCI and 1,3,7,10 and 14 days after CCI,the thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) and mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) were measured at 30 min after intrathecal injection.The animals were sacrificed at 7 and 14 days after CCI,and ipsilateral DRGs of the lumbar segment (L4-6) were removed for detection of the expression of CBS and P2X3 receptors by Western blot.Results Compared with group S,the TWL was significantly shortened,MWT was decreased,and the expression of CBS and P2X3 receptors in DRGs was up-regulated at each time point after CCI in group NP (P＜0.05).Compared with group NP,the TWL was significantly prolonged,the MWT was increased,and the expression of CBS and P2X3 receptors in DRG s was down-regulated at each time point after CCI in group A (P＜0.05).Conclusion H2S in DRG s can up-regulate the expression of P2X3 receptors,which may be involved in the pathophysiological mechanism of NP in rats.

Background: and Purpose As a leading cause of disability and death in China, stroke as well as its epidemiologic features have gained increasing attention. Prior studies, however, have overgeneralized the north-to-south gradient in China. Whether the differences exist across urban and rural areas remains unexplored. This study therefore aims to investigate the north-to-south gradient in stroke incidence across urban and rural China. Methods: The present prospective cohort study analyzed data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 1997 to 2015. By including 16,917 individuals from diverse social contexts, we calculated the age-standardized incidence of stroke across regions and the age-adjusted risk ratio (aRR). Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying covariates were employed to analyze variations in incident stroke. Results: During the follow-up, age-standardized incidence of stroke ranged from 4.17 per 1,000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.38 to 4.96) in the north region to 1.95 (95% CI, 1.60 to 2.30) in the south region (aRR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.58 to 2.64; P<0.001). The north-to-south gradient of stroke incidence was observed only in rural areas, but not in urban areas. Hierarchical modelling analyses further indicated that the regional differences could be mostly explained by the disparities in the prevalence of hypertension. Conclusions The present study extends the current evidence on the north-to-south gradient by demonstrating that the difference varied across urban and rural China. Our findings highlight the importance of hypertension management as the measure for alleviating regional differences in stroke incidence.

Objective:To evaluate the healthcare accessibility and quality of diagnosis and treatment services of Internet hospitals in China.Methods:One hundred and eighty Internet hospitals in 60 cities were seleted based on the sampling of development levels in the eastern, central and western regions of China. From April to May 2023, standardized patients methodology was applied to evaluate the accessibility(including the number of Internet hospitals, functional settings, online doctor status, the doctor′s attending rate and consultation fees) and diagnosis and treatment service quality(including the diagnosis and treatment services quality, response speed and patient′s evaluation) of Internet hospitals.Results:The average opening rate of Internet hospitals in China was 52.9% (560/1 058), the average online rate of doctors was 64.2% (1 099/1 713), the average doctor′s attending rate was 33.6% (112/333), the average consultation fee was 4.85 yuan, the average score of consultation was 1.92 out of 9, the average score of diagnosis and treatment was 1.12 out of 4, the average score of the response speed was 1.70 out of 3, and patient satisfaction was 2.73 out of 3.Conclusions:The Internet hospital accessibility in China is unevenly developed, and the overall quality of diagnosis and treatment is low. It is recommended to accurately position and optimize the function of Internet hospital, establish the incentive mechanism for online consultation doctors, construct and improve the regulatory system of Internet hospital diagnosis and treatment, so as to improve the accessibility and quality of diagnosis and treatment of Internet hospitals.

Objective:To assess the association between the different prehospital transfer pathways to the hospital and reperfusion delay in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods:We retrospective collected 320 STEMI patients aged 18 years or older who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) from June 1, 2016 to July 31, 2018. They were divided into three groups according to different prehospital transfer pathways: patients directly transferred from the field by ambulance to PCI-capable center hospital (field transfer group, n=29); patients transferred by ambulance from PCI-incapable hospitals to PCI-capable center hospital (inerhospital transfer group, n=111); patients transferred by friends or relatives to PCI-capable center hospital (self-transfer group, n=180). The basic characteristic attributes, reperfusion time and fatal complications such as acute left heart failure cases (ALHF) cases, ventricular fibrillation (VF) cases, and in hospital death were collected and compared. In addition, logistic regression analysis was used to analyze uni- and multivariate of door-to-balloon (D2B) time less than 90 min. Results:The S2FMC interval were 118 min (50, 377) min , FMC-to-balloon interval were 87 min (66, 120.5) min and the onset-to-balloon time were 221 min (135, 482.5) min. The above three interval in the interhospital transfer group were longer than those in the field transfer and self-transfer groups ( P<0.05). S2FMC accounted for 51.14% of onset-to-balloon time in the field transfer group, 63.29% in the interhospital transfer group and 55.26% in the self transfer group. The door-to-catheter room interval were 33 min (9, 53.5) min. The interval in the interhospital transfer group were shorter than those in the field transfer and self-transfer groups ( P<0.05). The interval in the self-transfer group were longer than those in the interhospital transfer and field transfer groups ( P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that the interhospital transfer group ( OR=15.251, 95% CI: 5.328-43.657, P<0.01), field transfer group ( OR=8.219, 95% CI: 1.861-36.307, P=0.005), FMC2ECG time ( OR=0.975, 95% CI: 0.962-0.989, P<0.01), and smoking ( OR=2.099, 95% CI: 1.015-4.341, P=0.045) were independent predictor of goal time less than 90 min ( P<0.05 for all variables). Adverse events in STEMI patients mainly occurred within 6 h of the initial symptoms. The incidence of VF was 3.75% (95% CI: 3.73%-3.77%), ALHF was 10.94% (95% CI: 7.52%-14.36%) and in-hospital mortality was 2.5% (95% CI: 0.79%-4.21%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events among the three groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The symptoms of STEMI patients are at risk in the early stage. Ambulances can shorten the reperfusion time, but the ambulance system is less used by patients. It is necessary to further optimize the treatment process of non-PCI hospitals and strengthen the popularity of emergency knowledge related to chest pain among residents, so as to shorten the reperfusion time.

Objective:To compare the clinical outcomes of the Laennec’s approach versus the two-step separation stylized approach in laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy (LLLS).Methods:A total of 60 patients who underwent LLLS at the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University from March 2019 to April 2022 were prospectively entered into this study. There were 40 males and 20 females, aged (49.1±9.3) years, with 31 patients suffering from liver cancer, 14 patients hepatic hemangioma and 15 patients hepatolithiasis. A randomized number table was used to assign the patients into two groups: the Laennec’s approach group ( n=30) and the two-step separation stylized approach group ( n=30). The age, gender, liver function, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, abdominal drainage amount, drainage tube retention time, postoperative hospital stay, total hospital costs and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results:There were no significant differences between the two groups in gender, age and Child-Pugh grading of liver function (all P>0.05). Comparison of intraoperative bleeding, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative complications, postoperative recurrence between the two groups showed there were no significant differences between the two groups (all P>0.05). The operative time [(85.6±24.5) min vs (99.1±30.7) min, P<0.05] was significantly less in the stylized group than the Laennec’s group, while the Laennec’s group were superior to the stylized group in the amount of draining [(144.1±38.3) ml vs (290.9±59.5) ml], drainage tube retention time [(2.7±1.5) d vs (4.3±1.9) d] and total hospital costs [(35 100.7±13 200.6) yuan vs (44 700.1±11 800.8) yuan](all P<0.05). Conclusions:Both the Laennec’s and stylized approaches for LLLS were safe and feasible. The stylized approach for LLLS could be performed more quickly, while the Laennec’s approach could more accurately dissect and handle intrahepatic and extrahepatic ducts, thus resulting in decreased postoperative exudation and treatment costs.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have been widely used to treat neurological diseases.However,due to limitations of the blood-brain barrier,low survival rate and differentiation rate of stem cells at damaged sites,the therapeutic effect is limited. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Shexiang Huangqi compound dripping pills on proliferation,migration and astrocyte differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:Male SD rats were treated with Shexiang Huangqi compound dripping pills for 5 days after continuous gavage.Blood was collected from the abdominal aorta and serum was separated for later use.The effect of 5%,10%and 20%drug-containing serum on the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was detected by CCK-8 assay.The effect of 10%drug-containing serum on lateral migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was observed by scratch test.Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in Transwell cells.The effects of 10%drug-containing serum on longitudinal migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were observed by crystal violet staining and DAPI nuclear staining.Differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into astrocytes was observed by inducing solution with 10%drug-containing serum or co-culture with astrocytes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)10%and 20%drug-containing serum promoted cell proliferation more significantly on days 2 and 3,and there was no statistical difference between the two concentrations.(2)At 30 and 48 hours,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell migration in 10%drug-containing serum group was significantly higher than that in the control group.(3)The number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells filtered through Transwell cells in 10%drug-containing serum group was higher than that in the control group.(4)10%drug-containing serum might promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to astrocytes,but the differentiation effect was weak,and astrocytes might further promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into astrocytes induced by drug-containing serum.(5)The results exhibited that the 10%drug-containing serum could promote the proliferation and migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.Co-culture with astrocytes may promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells towards astrocytes.

Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine has now been recognized and paid attention to by the pharmaceutical community.Modern phytochemical studies have shown that Panax notoginseng saponin is the main chemical compo-nent of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma.Modern pharmacological studies and clinical applications have revealed that it has anti-cancer,antioxidant and cardiovascular disease effects.In this study,we reviewed the research progress of the main chemical components and pharmacological effects of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,with the aim of providing assistance for the clinical application and later stud-ies of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma.

Objective:To explore the effects of Zishui Qinggan Decoction on the PTEN-induced putative kinase protein 1 (PINK1)/Parkin and cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAS)/ stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathways; To reveal the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Zishui Qinggan Decoction in treating depression.Methods:Totally 60 rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, and Zishui Qinggan Decoction low-, medium-, and high-dosage groups using a random number table method ( n=12 in each group) . All rats except for the rats in control group were prepared with CUMS induced depression models. The rats in the Zishui Qinggan Decoction low-, medium-, and high-dosage groups were orally administered with 12, 24, and 48 g/kg of Zishui Qinggan Decoction for gavage, respectively. The control group and model group were orally administered with distilled water of equal volume for gavage, once a day for 4 weeks. Forced swimming test (FST), the open field test (OFT) and the sucrose preference test (SPT) were used to detect behavioral changes in rats in each group. Hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the cell structure of the medial prefrontal cortex. The levels of IL-1 β, IL-6, TNF-α and Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were detected using ELISA. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of Pink1, Parkin, cGAS and STING. Results:Behavioral testing results showed that, compared with the model group, the incubation period for rats in Zishui Qinggan Decoction low-, medium-, and high-dosage groups to enter the first immobility state in FST was significantly prolonged ( P<0.05), and the immobility time was significantly shortened ( P<0.05); the time spent in the central area was significantly increased ( P<0.05), and the incubation period for entering the central area was significantly shortened in ( P<0.05); the percentage of sugar water consumption significantly increased in ( P<0.05). HE staining revealed that the aggregation of prefrontal cortex nuclei decreased, the number of neurons increased, and the distribution of neurons was uniform in Zishui Qinggan Decoction low-, medium-, and high-dosage groups. Compared with the model group, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ in the Zishui Qinggan Decoction groups significantly decreased ( P<0.05). The protein expressions of PINK1 and Parkin in the prefrontal cortex in Zishui Qinggan Decoction groups significantly increased ( P<0.05), while the protein expression levels of cGAS and STING significantly decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Zishui Qinggan Decoction can significantly improve the depressive behavior, neuronal damage, and neuroinflammatory response in CUMS rats. Its mechanism may be related to up-regulating the PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway and inhibiting the cGAS/STING signaling pathway.