More and more attentions have been paid to the harm of environmental arsenic pollution to human health.The mechanism of arsenic metabolism in human body was described,the interaction mechanism and research advance were reviewed in the present paper,including the damages to skin,digestive system,urinary system,immune function,nervous system,cardiovascular system,respiratory system and inheritance system.It is useful not only to enhance understanding for the relation between arsenic pollution and health damage,but also to provide the basic theory to control the arsenic pollution.The present paper also made suggestions in the future research in this field.

With the development of systems biology and high-throughput molecular technologies, systems toxicology has come into being. The up-date understanding of systems toxicology is the study of the perturbation of biological systems by using chemicals and stressors, monitoring changes in molecular expression (transcript, protein and metabolite profiling), conventional toxicological parameters and iteratively integrating response data to describe the functioning organism. The background, research framework, supporting tools and the main applications of systems toxicology were discussed in detail in the present paper. Although in its infancy, systems toxicology will play an important role in advancing the study of environmental stress and heath impact definitely.

Electronic waste (E-waste) arising from the rapid development of high-tech industries such as electronic information has become the fastest-growing solid waste,its impact on the environment and health aroused more and more people’s concern. The progress on the study of E-waste on the environment and human health was reviewed in this paper,the limitation of current researches and the future direction were also analyzed and assessed.

Objective To investigate the effects of pollution on nonspecific immune function of the children living nearby a municipal solid waste landfill.Methods The concentration of lysozyme and SIgA of saliva came from 951 children who were selected from 3 schools nearby the landfill were analyzed by cluster sampling while the outside air pollutants were detected in 2006.The high-exposure group included 360 students living in a radius of less than 2 km from the landfill,the low exposure group was consist of 361 students living in a radius of 2-5 km,the others 230 students living in more than 5 km were taken as the control group.Results The results showed that the pollutants levels were concerned with the location of the landfill,the nearer to the landfill,the higher concentration of CH4,NO2,SO2,NH3,H2S and PM10 except CO.The level of saliva lysozyme ranked as high exposure group,low exposure group and the control group were 61.40,71.37 and 76.10 ?g/ml and the same rank for SIgA were 204.11,224.28,248.44 ?g/ml,with significant differences (P

Cr. The potential ecological risk index of the whole regions had reached the middle level,and that of Hg had already reached the degree of strong hazard. Conclusion The long-term sewage irrigation has caused serious heavy metals pollution in the soil of irrigation regions.

OBJECTIVE:To study the protective effect of Weidean tablets on rats with stress-induced gastric ulceration. METH-ODS:Water immersion restraint stress method and empty stomach were employed to establish rat models with gastric ulceration. 60 SD rats were equally randomized into normal control group(isometric sodium chloride injection),model group(isometric sodium chloride injection),ranitidine group(0.015 g/kg),and groups of high,medium and low doses(1.70,0.87 and 0.43 g/kg)of Wei-dean tablets. General situation of stomach was observed .The gastric mucosal injury index,the NO content in serum,and the activi-ties of SOD and iNOS and the contents of MDA and PGE2 in the gastric tissue were detected for rats. Pathomorphological observa-tion of rats’gastric tissues was conducted under the microscope. RESULTS:Compared with normal control group,the rats in the model group had higher gastric mucosal injury index,lower content of NO in serum,and weaker activity of SOD,stronger activity of iNOS,higher content of MDA and PGE2,in the gastric tissue. There was statistical significance (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Dark matter,severe deformation and necrosis of gastric mucosal cells in rats were noted,as well as multiple large-area superficial ulcers. Compared with the model group,the rats in groups of high,medium and low doses of Weidean tablets had lower gastric mucosal injury index,higher content of NO in serum,and stronger activity of SOD,weaker activity of iNOS,lower content of MDA and higher content of PGE2,in the gastric tissue. There was statistical significance(P<0.01 or P<0.05). General situation of stomach and the pathomorphological condition of rats’gastric tissues were improved. CONCLUSIONS:Weidean tablets has protective ef-fect to some extent on rats with stress-induced gastric ulceration,the mechanism is related to the improvement of serum levels of anti-oxidation index in rats.

Background Endoscopic cydophotoeoagulation (ECP) combined with phacoemulsification (Phaco) and intraocular lens (IOL) (ECP+Phaco+IOL) surgery has been widely used,but its lowing intraocular pressure (IOP) effect is unclear.Objectives This study was to investigate the lowing-IOP effect of ECP+Phaco+ IOL in chronic glaucoma.Methods This experimental process was approved by Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Medical College of Nanchang University.Chronic glaucoma models were established bilateral eyes of 30 pigmented rabbits using laser 360°trabecular meshwork photocoagulation.Forty-eight model eyes were randomized to four groups.ECP of 180°,270° and 360° was performed in the A,B and C groups,respectively,and Phaco+IOL was simultaneously carried out;while trabeculectomy (Trab) combined with Phaco+IOL surgery (Trab+ Phaco+IOL) was performed in the D group.IOP was measured and compared by iCare rebound tonometer before surgery and 1 day,1 week,2 weeks,1 month,3 months and 6 months after surgery.Results The IOP was(13.31±1.85)mmHg before surgery and that in 1 week after surgery was (33.19±5.59)mmHg,with a significant difference between them (t=94.676,P=0.000).No significant difference was seen among the four groups before operation (P＞0.05).The IOP was significantly lower in the C group compared with the A group and B group in postoperative 1 day (P =0.001,0.035),and in the first week after operation,the IOP was significantly lower in the C group than that of the A group (P=0.013).In the second week after operation,the IOP of the B group was considerably lower than that of the A group,and that of the C group was significant reduced in comparison with the B group (P=0.002,0.006).The IOP was lowest in the C group in postoperative 1 month in comparison with the A,B and C groups (P=0.001,0.009,0.026),and lower IOP was found in the C group compared with the A group in 3 months and 6 months after operation (P=0.008,0.011).In addition,the lowing-IOP range was larger in the group compared with the A group and B group in2 weeks and 1 month after operation (2 weeks:P=0.018,0.014;1 month:P=0.024,0.016).No serious complication was found in various groups.Conclusions Both ECP+Phaco+IOL and Trab+Phaco+IOL can reduce IOP effectively and safely.The lowing-IOP effect is better in larger range of cyclophotocoagulation eye during the ECP+ Phaco+IOL surgery.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects Weide'an tablet on gastric function and the expressions of epidermal growth fac-tor(EGF)and its receptor(EGFR)in gastric tissue of model rats with stress-induced gastric injury,and investigate its mechanism in the treatment of gastric ulcer. METHODS:Rats were randomly divided into normal group (normal saline),model group (nor-mal saline),positive group (ranitidine hydrochloride,0.015 mg/kg) and Weide'an tablet high-dose,medium-dose,low-dose groups (1.7,0.87,0.43 g/kg),10 in each group. Except for normal group,rats in other groups were given fasting swimming in cold water to induce gastric ulcer model. After modeling,all rats were intragastrically administrated once a day,for 2 weeks. The body mass of rats in 0,7,14 d of administration was recorded. After 12 h of last administration,gastric juice secretion,gastric juice pH,gastric ulcer area and gastric mucosal damage index of rats were detected,and the expressions of EGF and EGFR in gas-tric tissue were detected. RESULTS:Compared with normal group,body mass and gastric juice pH in 7,14 d in model group were declined;gastric juice secretion and gastric ulcer area were increased,gastric mucosal damage index was increased;and the expressions of EGF and EGFR in gastric tissue were enhanced,with statistical significances(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with model group,except that the body mass,gastric juice secretion,gastric juice pH and gastric ulcer area in Weide'an medium-dose group in 7 d,and body mass,gastric juice secretion,gastric juice pH,gastric ulcer area and the expression of EGF in gastric tis-sue in Weide'an low-dose group in 7,14 d were not significantly improved,above indexes were significantly improved in other ad-ministration groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01);and the effect of Weide'an tablet showed a certain dose-effect relationship. CONCLU-SIONS:Weide'an tablet can significantly improve the gastric function of model rats with stress-induced gastric injury;and the mechanism may be related with enhancing the expressions of EGF and EGFR and promoting ulcer healing.

Objective: To evaluate the non-carcinogenic health risk of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn) in residential indoor dust for young children around an e-waste dismantling area in South China. Methods: A village around an e-waste dismantling area in South China was selected as a research site in October 2016. Convenience sampling method was used to select 36 houses in the village and 36 dust samples were collected by vacuum cleaner. The concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn) in each sample were determined and expressed by the average value. Non-carcinogenic health risk assessment was conducted using the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Health Risk Assessment (HRA) model, the American Toxicology and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Target-organ Toxicity Dose (TTD) approach and the ATSDR Binary Weight-of-Evidence (BINWOE) model. Results: The mean ± SD of concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn were (48.90±33.91), (5.95±3.89), (173.57±580.37), (412.71±1 190.00), (612.82±540.70), (297.41±293.22) and (1 052.81±1 156.48) mg/kg, respectively. The HI value of TTD (2.670) and BINWOE (2.933) were higher than the safety threshold of EPA recommended non-carcinogenic health risk. The HI value of TTD and BINWOE were 1.93 and 2.12 times higher than the HI value of HRA (1.386). Conclusion There was non-carcinogenic health risk of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn) via residential indoor dust around the e-waste dismantling area for local children.

‍ ObjectiveTo investigate and compare the value of albumin-related ratios ［total bilirubin-to-albumin ratio （TAR）， creatinine-to-albumin ratio （CAR）， prothrombin time-international normalized ratio-to-albumin ratio （IAR）， neutrophil count-to-albumin ratio （NAR）， and red blood cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio （RAR）］ in predicting the short-term prognosis of patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure （HBV-ACLF）. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for 354 patients with HBV-ACLF who were admitted to Department of Infectious Diseases， The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University， from June 2017 to February 2022， and according to their prognosis at 3 months of follow-up， they were divided into survival group （n=272） and death group （n=82）. Related indices were recorded for all patients， including age， sex， complications， and the results of routine blood test， liver function， and coagulation for the first time after admission， and albumin-related ratios and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease （MELD） score were calculated. The t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups， and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distribution continuous data between groups； the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The Spearman correlation test was used to investigate the correlation between albumin-related ratios and MELD score. The Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association of MELD score， TAR， CAR， IAR， NAR， and RAR with poor prognosis. The area under the ROC curve （AUC） was used to as sess the accuracy of albumin-related ratios and MELD score in predicting the short-term prognosis of HBV-ACLF patients， and the De-Long test was used for the comparison of AUC. ResultsCompared with the death group， the survival group had significantly lower MELD score （Z=-8.071， P<0.001）， TAR （Z=-6.695， P<0.001）， CAR （Z=-4.463， P<0.001）， IAR （Z=-7.912， P<0.001）， NAR （Z=-4.061， P<0.001）， and RAR （Z=-4.788， P<0.001）. MELD score was positively correlated with CAR （r=0.616， P<0.001）， IAR （r=0.733， P<0.001）， TAR （r=0.657， P<0.001）， NAR （r=0.392， P<0.001）， and RAR （r=0.380， P<0.001）. The multivariate regression analysis of MELD score and albumin-related ratios showed that high TAR （odds ratio ［OR］=1.014， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： 1.008 — 1.020， P<0.001） and high IAR （OR=22.052， 95%CI： 6.937 — 70.103， P<0.001） were independent risk factors for death. The ROC curves were plotted for albumin-related ratios and MELD score to evaluate their discriminatory ability for mortality， and the results showed that MELD score， TAR， CAR， IAR， NAR， and RAR had an AUC of 0.794， 0.744， 0.663， 0.788， 0.648， and 0.674， respectively， among which MELD score had the highest sensitivity of 86.59% and CAR had the highest specificity of 77.57%. TAR combined with IAR had an AUC of 0.809， with a sensitivity of 76.8% and a specificity of 71.3%. Subgroup analysis of HBV-ACLF showed that TAR combined with IAR had the highest AUC values of 0.884 and 0.733， respectively， in patients with type A or type C HBV-ACLF. ConclusionTAR and IAR can be used as simple and effective prognostic tools to predict the 90-day mortality of HBV-ACLF patients.