BACKGROUND: Belladonna drugs have been widely used in clinic in our country to improve microcirculation, or as a herbal anesthetic drug. However,there are few reports regarding the animal experiments on belladonna alkaloid against morphine addiction further OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of belladonna alkaloid combined with morphine on morphine(Mor)-addicted mice so as to provide an experimental basis for development of belladonna to morphine addiction.DESIGN: A completely randomized-controlled study based on the experimental animals.SETTING: Laboratory of physiology of a medical college.MATERIALS: The study was performed at the Laboratory of Physiology of Medical Department of Hebei Engineering College from June 2004 to August 2004. Fifty 2-month old male healthy Kunming mice of clean grade with a body mass of(20±2) g were obtained from Experimental Animal Centre of Hebei Medical University.METHODS: According to evaluation index of dependence in Morphine-addicted animals, we chose pain threshold and naloxone-urged jumping response as items to observe. Fifty mice were randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 mice each, which were the control group (saline), the morphine group, the scopolamine(Sco)group, the anisodamine(Ani), atropine(Atr)group. The corresponding drugs or saline was administered by intraperitoneal (I. P.) injection once a day for 7 days. The pain threshold at 1 hour after I. P. Injection of drugs was observed from day 1 to day 7 by hot-plate method. Mice were given I.p. Injection of naloxone (Nal, 5 mg/kg ) 6hours after the last injection. The jumping times within 30 minutes were observed to evaluate the ,formation of the Morphine addiction.Nal-urged mice.RESULTS: The pain threshold of the mice in Morphine group was decreased significantly, and the jumping times and jumping rate were obviously increased compared with that of the control group( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).The co-administration of Sco-Mor mixtures for 7 days significantly increased the pain threshold of Mor-dependent mice( P ＜ 0.01) and markedly decreased the jumping times and the jumping rate( P ＜ 0. 05) . Atr-Mor and Ani-Mor had a weak effect on the elevation of the pain threshold of Mor-dependent mice, but had strong effects on the decrease of the jumping times and the jumping rate( P ＜ 0. 01 ).CONCLUSION: Belladonna alkaloids all could antagonize Mor-dependence in mice at different degrees, which provide an important experimental evidence to develop belladonna drugs for preventing opium addiction.

Objective To separate and cultivate homo umbilical cord blood (UCB) hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) in vitro, and u-tilize bone marrow desmohemoblast stem cell as trophoblastic layer combined with cytokine to amplify umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell. Methods Ficoll lymph-cell separating medium density gradient centrifugalization was used to segregate UCBHSC.Bone marrow desmohemoblast stem ceil and cytokine were added, and the sum of NC cells and CD34 + cells was counted. Results The sum of NC cells amplified 75.2±15.0 times, and the sum of CD 34 + cells amplified 18.7±12.3 times. Conclusions It has significant effect on amplification of hematopoietic stem cell with bone marrow desmohemoblast stem cell and eytokine when HSC are cultured in vitro.

We studied the epidemiological characteristics of human bocavirus 4 (HBoV4) in children with a- cute gastroenteritis in Lanzhou (China). A total of 331 stool specimens were collected from children aged < 5 years with acute diarrhea at the First Hospital of Lanzhou University between July 2012 and June 2013. Specimens of HBoV were identified by nested polymerase chain reaction assays. Compared with related sequences in GenBank, the HBoV-positive strain isolated in the present study was,quite surprisingly, a rare genotype named HBoV4. This strain was a typical HBoV4,with high levels of nucleotide and amino acid homology to the Thailand strain, JQ267789 (98.9% and 98.7%, respectively), and the USA strain, GQ506568 (97.6% and 97.4%, respectively). This is the first report of HBoV4 as the causative agent for acute gastroenteritis in pediatric patients in China. This strain is one of two genotypes of HBoV that are currently circulating.
Child, Preschool ; China ; Feces ; virology ; Female ; Gastroenteritis ; virology ; Human bocavirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Parvoviridae Infections ; virology ; Phylogeny

Objective To assess the diagnostic value of 18 F?FDG PET/CT imaging for primary pul?monary lymphoepithelioma?like carcinoma (LELC). Methods A total of 19 patients (10 males, 9 fe?males;average age 56.4 years) with suspected primary pulmonary LELC undergone whole?body 18F?FDG PET/CT and chest contrast CT scan were enrolled in this retrospective study. The SUVmax and uptake pat?terns of FDG, the histological types and the clinical stages were recorded. Image characteristics of contrast CT and FDG PET/CT were observed, and the diagnostic efficiency was calculated. Two?sample t test and one?way analysis of variance were used to analyze the results. Results The diagnostic sensitivity and spe?cificity of LELC were 12/13 and 4/6 for FDG PET/CT. The SUVmax of LELC lesions was significantly differ?ent from that of other lung malignant tumors or lung benign lesions (F=3.67, P<0?05). The lesion had longer diameter, lower CT density, higher SUVmax in stage Ⅳ patients, compared with that in stageⅠ-Ⅲpatients ( F=7.01, P<0.05) . The significant difference of SUVmax was found between lesions with ring up?take and lesions with other uptake types (3.94±0.67 vs 2.86±0.35; t=4.07, P<0?05). The SUVmax was higher in Schmincke tumors when compared with that in tumors of Regaud subtype ( 3. 61 ± 0. 71 vs 2. 76 ± 0?29; t=2.99, P<0.05) . Conclusion 18 F?FDG PET/CT could be an accurate method in differential diag?noses of primary pulmonary LELC.

Objective: To investigate the influence of low viscosity and high viscosity bone cement in PVP on active function, anatomical index and leakage rate of patients with severe osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). Methods: From October 2015 to June 2017, 136 patients with severe OVCF were chosen in the Central Hospital of Yuncheng and randomly divided into two groups according to the digital table, with 68 patients in each group.The control group was given low viscosity bone cement by PVP scheme, and the observation group was given high viscosity bone cement by PVP.The VAS score, ODI score, SF-36 score and kyphosis Cobb angle before and after operation, the recovery rate of injured vertebrae, bone cement injection volume and postoperative cement leakage rate of the two groups were compared. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the VAS score, ODI score and SF-36 score before operation between the two groups(all P>0.05). The VAS score, ODI score and SF-36 score after operation of the control group were (1.90±0.32)points, (30.38±3.52)points, (76.07±9.38)points, respectively, which of the observation group were (1.94±0.34)points, (29.72±3.34)points, (77.10±9.60)points, respectively, which were significantly better than those before operation(control group: t=4.27, 5.01, 4.02; observation group: t=4.21, 4.89, 3.87, all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the VAS score, ODI score and SF-36 score after operation between the two groups(all P>0.05). The kyphosis Cobb angle after operation of the observation group was (14.02±2.59)°, which was significantly lower than (16.83±3.31)° of the control group and (27.78±4.09)° before operation (t=4.99, 2.64, all P<0.05). The recovery rate of injured vertebrae of the observation group was (28.34±5.70)%, which was statistically significantly higher than (22.72±4.16)% of the control group (t=3.42, P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the bone cement injection volume between the two groups(P>0.05). The incidence rate of bone cement leakage in the observation group was 10.29%(7/68), which was significantly lower than that in the control group [30.88%(21/68)](χ²=12.15, P<0.05). Conclusion Low viscosity and high viscosity bone cement in PVP in the treatment of patients with severe OVCF possess the same clinical effects on relieve pain and improve activity and quality of life; but high viscosity bone cement application can efficiently improve the anatomical index of injured vertebrae and avoid postoperative cement leakage.

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) versus magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice. MethodsA total of 31 patients with obstructive jaundice who visited Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January 2015 to March 2016 were enrolled, and all the patients underwent EUS and MRCP. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and Youden index of EUS and MRCP in the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice were compared. ResultsOf all patients, 16 (51.61%) were diagnosed with common bile duct stones, 1 (3.23%) was diagnosed with ampullary tumor, 6 (19.35%) were diagnosed with duodenal papillary tumor, 3 (9.68%) were diagnosed with tumor of the head of the pancreas, 2 (6.45%) were diagnosed with bile duct tumor, 2 (6.45%) were diagnosed with bile duct inflammation, and 1 had no stones or space-occupying lesions observed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, EUS, or MRCP. The coincidence rate of EUS in the diagnosis of ampullary tumor, duodenal papillary tumor, and tumor of the head of the pancreas was 100%, and MRCP had a lower coincidence rate in the diagnosis of common bile duct stones and a lower overall coincidence rate of diagnosis than EUS (81.25%/76.67% vs 93.75%/90.00%). In the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice, EUS and MRCP had sensitivities of 90.00% and 76.70%, specificities of 100%, accuracy rates of 90.30% and 7740%, and Youden indices of 0.90 and 0.77. ConclusionEUS has a higher value in the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice than MRCP.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major agent of hand, foot and mouth disease that can cause a severe burden of disease to children. To identify an effective method for the control and prevention of EV71, we studied the effect of exposure to heat and ultraviolet (UV) light upon EV71 inactivation. We found that exposure to 50 degrees C could not inactivate the infectivity of EV71. However, exposure to 60 degrees C and 70 degrees C could inactivate EV71 effectively. EV71 could be inactivated after exposure to UV light at a distance between the sample and a lamp of 30 cm for 30 min or 60 min because viral genomic RNA was destroyed. However, fetal bovine serum (FBS) could attenuate the inactivation proffered by heat and UV light. Attenuation effects of FBS were correlated positively with FBS concentration. Hence, EV71 can be inactivated by exposure to heat and UV light, and our results could provide guidance on prevention of the spread of EV71.
Disinfection ; instrumentation ; methods ; Enterovirus A, Human ; genetics ; physiology ; radiation effects ; Enterovirus Infections ; virology ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Ultraviolet Rays ; Virus Inactivation ; radiation effects

OBJECTIVETo establish a new method for the identification of Schisandra sphenanthera and S. chinensis.

METHODRandom amplified polymorphic DNA-Sequence characterized applied region (RAPD-SCAR) method was applied to screen primers.

RESULTScreening from 100 primers, only 2 random primers, which can be used to identify S. sphenanthera and S. chinensis accurately with a good reproducibility. It worked to fit them into sequence characterized applied region.

CONCLUSIONRAPD-SCAR can be used to identify S. sphenanthera and S. chinensis accurately.

Objective:To investigate the degenerative characteristics and biomechanical effects of paravertebral muscles in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis.Methods:The clinical data of 236 patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis from January 2016 to January 2020 in Yuncheng Central Hospital of Shanxi Province were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent lumbar X-ray and MRI measurement, and the indexes included coronal scoliosis Cobb angle, rotation classification of apical vertebra, cross-sectional area (CSA) of the apical vertebra upper and lower intercalated disc plane, fatty infiltration rate (FIR) of psoas major and back extensor muscle group (including erector spinae and multifidus muscle), cross-sectional area difference index (CDI) and fatty infiltration difference (FID). The correlation between paravertebral muscle degeneration and coronal scoliosis Cobb angle was evaluated.Results:The coronal scoliosis Cobb angle of 236 patients was 10.4° to 57.8° (18.72 ± 6.44)°; there were no statistical differences in coronal scoliosis Cobb angle and rotation classification of apical vertebra between different sex, scoliosis direction and apical vertebra position ( P>0.05). In the apical vertebra upper intercalated disc plane, the concave side CSA of psoas major muscle was significantly higher than convex side: (3.82 ± 1.06) cm 2 vs. (3.68 ± 1.01) cm 2, the concave side CSA of multifidus muscle, back extensor muscle group and paraspinal muscle group (including psoas major muscle, quadratus lumborum, erector spinae and multifidus muscle) was significantly lower than convex side: (9.80 ± 2.14) cm 2 vs. (10.46 ± 2.60) cm 2, (18.18 ± 3.03) cm 2 vs. (19.79 ± 3.22) cm 2 and (25.25 ± 5.06) cm 2 vs. (27.86 ± 6.90) cm 2, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05 or <0.01); there were no statistical differences in CSA of quadratus lumborum and erector spinae between concave side and convex side ( P>0.05). In the apical vertebra lower intercalated disc plane, the concave side CSA of psoas major muscle and quadratus lumborum was significantly higher than convex side: (6.62 ± 3.09) cm 2 vs. (6.40 ± 3.23) cm 2 and (4.58 ± 0.57) cm 2 vs. (4.45 ± 0.64) cm 2, the concave side CSA of multifidus muscle and back extensor muscle group was significantly lower than concave side: (9.49 ± 3.10) cm 2 vs. (10.32 ± 4.06) cm 2 and (19.31 ± 4.36) cm 2 vs. (20.54 ± 5.60) cm 2, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01 or <0.05); there was no statistical difference in CSA of erector spinae and paraspinal muscle group between concave side and convex side ( P>0.05). In apical vertebra upper and lower intercalated disc plane, the concave side FIR of back extensor muscle group was significantly higher than convex side: (31.83 ± 11.04)% vs. (24.37 ± 12.76)% and (38.62 ± 10.09)% vs. (31.80 ± 8.23)%, and there was statistical difference ( P<0.01); there was no statistical difference in FIR of psoas major muscle between concave side and convex side ( P>0.05). Pearson linear correlation analysis result showed that CDI of multifidus muscle, back extensor muscle group, paraspinal muscle group and FID of back extensor muscle group were positively correlated with coronal scoliosis Cobb angle (apical vertebra upper intercalated disc plane: r = 0.94, 0.70, 0.86 and 0.90, P<0.01; apical vertebra lower intercalated disc plane: r = 0.92, 0.94, 0.81 and 0.66, P<0.01); the CDI of psoas major muscle in apical vertebra lower intercalated disc plane was positively correlated with coronal scoliosis Cobb angle ( r = 0.73, P<0.01); there was no correlation between CDI of psoas major muscle in apical vertebra upper intercalated disc plane and coronal scoliosis Cobb angle ( r = 0.17, P>0.05). In patients with apical vertebra located in L 2 and L 3, the CSA of psoas major muscle and quadratus lumborum in apical vertebra lower intercalated disc plane was significantly higher than that in apical vertebra upper intercalated disc plane, and there was statistical difference ( P<0.01); in patients with apical vertebra located in L 2, the concave side CSA of erector spinae in apical vertebra lower intercalated disc plane was significantly higher than that in apical vertebra upper intercalated disc plane, and there was statistical difference ( P<0.01). Conclusions:The biomechanical effects of lumbar flexion/ back extensor muscle group should be different in the process of disease progression in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis, in which the back extensor muscle group can effectively inhibit the degenerative disease. The protection of paravertebral muscle group function should be placed in an important role in degenerative lumbar scoliosis treatment.

With the development of patient-centered medical model,patient values and preferences have become a hot research topic.This paper starts from the concept of patients'values and preferences,analyzes the important importance of patients'values and preferences;Based on the published literature,the importance of patients'values and preferences in the development of acupuncture clinical guidelines,the positive role in doctor-patient co-decision,the value of patients'cognition and value promotion in acupuncture"Deqi"were sorted out,and the influencing factors of patients'values and preferences and acupuncture compliance were summarized.According to the influencing factors,the corresponding solutions were proposed to help patients establish correct values,and thus improve patients'acupuncture compliance.