Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are an important part of the innate immunity. They are mainly involved in the occurrence of gout disease through NADPH oxidase 2-dependent pathways and it is related to the spontaneous remission of gouty arthritis and the formation of tophi. These pathological features can be analyzed by methods such as electron microscopy and immunohistochemical staining. In order to further explore the molecular mechanism of NETs and discover potential drug targets for gouty arthritis, this article summarizes its role in gouty diseases and related detection techniques.