We have used continuous epidural anaethesia for 308 cases of orthopoedis operation of poliomyelitic sequel since 1983 to 1987. The satisfactory rate of anesthesia effect is 92%. However, as the disease caused by a special change of pathology, we have also found some ineffective cases. The causes of defect are multiple. The questions met during Anesthesia in our case series were discussed.

HPV in remission CA,so the disease can be cured.

Objective To study the protective effect of Duzhong Hongjingtian Capsule (DHC) on cerebral ischemia in rats. Methods Thrombotic ischemia and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) induced by FeCl3 in rats was used to observe the protective effect of DHC on ischemia stroke, and common carotid artery occlusion (CCAO) rats was used to analyze the effect of DHC on blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Results DHC could improve the abnormal behavior of MCAO rats and decrease the infarction area and water content in the brain of MCAO rats. DHC could also improve the cerebral blood flow on MCAO rats and significantly reduce the permeability for evans' blue (EB) of CCAO rats. Conclusions DHC can protect the brain ischemic injury.

Objective To study the inhibitory effects of HLA-G1 expressed in ECV304 on the proliferation of allogeneic T cells.Methods The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3-HLA-G1 which contained a full-length cDNA of HLA-G1 was constructed, and the ECV304 cell was transfected with the pcDNA3-HLA-G1 by using the lipofectin transfection. The expressed HLA-G1 on the cell surface was checked by specific monoclonal antibody (G11E5) with indirect immunofluorescence assay and FCM. The HLA-G1 expressed in ECV304 was used as stimulator in co-culture with allogeneic T cells, to perform allogeneic T cell proliferation assay and to generate ECV304-specific alloreactive CTL. The proliferation of T cells and the CTL’s cytotoxicity against ECV304 were tested by the MTT method.Results The expression of HLA-G1 on the surface of the ECV304 was verified with the immunofluorescent staining of the pcDNA3-HLA-G1 transfected cells. The proliferation intensity of allogeneic T cells was significantly decreased after the HLA-G1 expressed in ECV304, as the stimulation index of co-culture of allogeneic T cells with plasmid pcDNA3 transfected ECV304 was 1.59?0.41, meanwhile it was 1.33?0.46 to pcDNA3-HLA-G1 transfected ECV304, with the difference being significant (P

BACKGROUND: Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) can ameliorate the condition between vertebral pedicle screws and peripheral bone-matrix interfaces and notably enhance the strength of screw fixation. However, there are several disadvantages during and after operation such as polymerized thermal damaging effect, toxicity and unabsorbable etc. Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) is biocompatible and biodegradable with good biosafty and produce no heat of polymerization, which is a perfect substitute for PMMA.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reinforcing effect of CPC on vertebral pedicle screw fixation at biomechanical aspect.DESIGN: Randomized control and repetitive observed measurement.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from August of 2002 to February 2003. ①Two fresh spines from male bodies respectively aged of 52 and 50 years were provided by the Anatomic Department of Tongji Medical College. Ten vertebrae in each spine were obtained (T8-12, L1-5) and taken as 52-year group and 50-year group. Radiographs of these vertebrae were taken to exclude congenital abnormality, fracture, tumor or other pathological changes. Vertebrae in both groups were osteoporoses of grade I and in accordance with experimental requirement.②Main components of solid phase of CPC were micropowder of tricalcium phosphate and tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) and its main ingredients of liquid phase was citrate solution, which was prepared with solid phase in the ratio of 1g vs 1 mL.Primarily setting-time was 15 minutes and the final setting-time was 12hours with the maximum compressive strength between 45 Mpa and 57 Mpa. ③Diameter of self-made pedicle screws was 5 mm; Length of screw thread segment was 34 mm; Pitch was 2 mm; Depth of screw thread was 0.8 mm.METHODS: ①Biomechanical test of pedicle screw fixation at final solid time of CPC: Vertebrae of 50-year group were taken as testing subjects.Control lateral: vertebral pedicle screws were implanted directly in screw path; Strengthening lateral: vertebral pedicle screws were inserted after fillingwith CPC. After that, specimens were deposited in a thermostated container for twelve hours at 37 ℃. Maximum axial pull-out strength of vertebral pedicle screw was determinated. ②Biomachanical test of vertebra pedicle screw fixation when CPC primarily hardened: specimens in 52-year group were taken as testing subjects. In the same way, vertebral pedicle screw was implanted in the control lateral of vertebral pedicle,while that in the strengthen lateral was implanted after filling of cement,which were placed in the thermostated container for 15 minutes at 37 ℃,the maximum axial pull-out strength of vertebral pedicle in primary setting time were determinated. ③Biomechanical test of CPC in the reinforcement of loose vertebral pedicle screw fixation: vertebrae in 50-year group were selected. Loosened vertebral pedicle screws were re-fixed with CPC for 12 hours. Maximum axial pull-out strength of bilateral screws was tested.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Biomechanical testing results of pedicle screw fixation at final solid time of CPC. ②Biomechanical testing results of vertebral pedicle screw fixation when CPC primarily hardened.③Biomechanical testing results of CPC in the reinforcement of loose vertebral pedicle screw fixation.RESULTS: ①Medians of maximum axial pull-out strength of vertebral pedicle screws in control and strengthening laterals in the 50-year group were 620 N and 1 136 N respectively. Compared with control lateral, that in the strengthening lateral increased by 83 % (P ＜ 0.01). Median of anti-cutting stress increased from 1.16 N/mm2 to 2.13 N/mm2 after being strengthened. ②The medians of those in the 52-year group were 554.5 N and 859.5 N respectively and that in the strengthening lateral increased by 55 % in comparison with that in the control lateral (P ＜ 0.01).The median of anti-cutting stress of reinforced bone-screw interface increased from 1.03 N/mm2 to 1.61 N/mm2. ③Maximum axial pull-out strength of vertebral pedicle screws in control and strengthening laterals in the 50-year group of 12 hours after re-fixation were 517 N and 876 N, which respectively increased by 63.6% or 54.2% (P ＜ 0.01) in comparison with median of that of loose screw in the same lateral.CONCLUSION: CPC can enhance vertebral pedicle screw fixation in primary and final setting time, with which loosened screws can be re-fixed.Vertebral pedicle screw in control lateral and strengthening lateral strips from bone-screw interface without peripheral bone and vertebral pedicle being destroyed seriously, which are beneficial to the second insertion of screw.

Objective To investigate the effect of Ulinastatin preconditioning on hyperthermia induced rat skeletal muscle injury and the possible mechanism. Methods Cultured skeletal muscle cells were divided into 7 groups: control group (Group C), as normal culture; hyperthermia treated group (Group H), in which cells were exposed to 42℃for 2 hours then transfered to normal culture; ulinastatin preconditioned group (Group U), which were only preconditioned 1 hour by the final concentration of ulinastatin at 1 250 U/mL; and four different concentration of ulinastatin preconditioned+hyperthermia treated groups (Group Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ), in which cells were preconditioned 1 hour by the final concentration of ulinastatin at 312 , 625, 1250, 2 500 U/mL, respectively. And then, all the four groups were exposed to 42℃for 2 hours. MTT assay and LDH leakage were performed to study the cytotoxicity. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) formation were measured to reflect the activity of antioxidase. Results Compared with Group H, MTT value in ulinastatin preconditioned group in GroupⅠ, Ⅱ,Ⅲ, Ⅳsignificantly increased (P<0.05) LDH leakage significantly decreased (P<0.05). And the activity of SOD in cultured cells significantly increased (P < 0.05), the content of cellular MDA was also significantly decreased (P<0.05). But there were no significant difference among Group Ⅰ, Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ(P>0.05). Conclusion Ulinastatin preconditioning may have protective effect against hyperthermia induced skeletal muscle injury and it may be related to its ability of inhibiting radical production and promoting radical scavenging.

10.3969/j.issn.1008-9691.2013.03.012

Objective:To optimize 3.0T MRI diagnosis indicator in breast cancer and to select the best MRI scan program.
Methods:Totally 45 patients with breast cancers were collected, and another 35 patients with benign breast tumor served as the control group. All patients underwent 3.0T MRI, including T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), fat suppression of the T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) sequence. With operation pathology results as the gold standard in the diagnosis of breast diseases, the pathological results of benign and malignant served as dependent variables, and the diagnostic indicators of MRI were taken as independent variables. We put all the indicators of MRI examination under Logistic regression analysis, established the Logistic model, and optimized the diagnosis indicators of MRI examination to further improve MRI scan of breast cancer.
Results:By Logistic regression analysis, some indicators were selected in the equation, including the edge feature of the tumor, the time-signal intensity curve (TIC) type and the apparent diffusion coeffcient (ADC) value when b=500 s/mm2. hTe regression equation was Logit (P)=-21.936+20.478X6+3.267X7+21.488X3.
Conclusion:Valuable indicators in the diagnosis of breast cancer are the edge feature of the tumor, the TIC type and the ADC value when b=500 s/mm2. Combining conventional MRI scan, DWI and dynamic enhanced MRI is a better examination program, while MRS is the complementary program when diagnosis is diffcult.

Objective To investigate the effect of microbubbles mediated ultrasound insonation on proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in different phase of cell cycle. Methods Rat thoracic aortic VSMCs were cultured in vitro by the method of tissue adherence. The cells were synchronized by the methods of serum starvation and double thymidine block. The synchronization results were detected by flow eytometer. VSMCs in different phases of cell cycle were exposed to 1 MHz continuous waves ultrasound for 120 s at intensity 0.3 W/cm2 in the presence of lipid-coated microbubbles (1 ml/L). Apoptosis of VSMCs was analyzed by AnnexinV/PI staining using flow eytometry. The proliferation and the proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) protein expression of VSMCs were detected by MTT assay and immunoeytochemistry, respectively. Results The synchronized G0/G1 and S phase VSMCs were achieved, with synchronized rates to 89.53 % and 66.87 %, respectively. Ultrasound sonication for 120 s with microbubbles could significantly inhibit the proliferation and downregulate the PCNA expression of S phase VSMCs,but the proliferation and PCNA expression of G0/G1 phase VSMCs were not affected. After treatment of ultrasound with microbubbles, the apoptotic ratio were found to reach (7.05 ± 2.04)% in G0/G1 phase VSMCs and (27.01 ±3.87)% in S phase VSMCs. Conclusions Microbubbles mediated ultrasound insonation can significantly inhabit the proliferation and induce apoptosis in VSMCs at proliferation stage.

Objective To investigate the effect of ultrasound irradiation combined with liposome membrane microbubbles on the reorgnization of cytoskeleton in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Methods Rat thoracic aortic VSMCs were cultured in vitro. VSMCs were exposed to 1 MHz continuous waves ultrasound radiation for 120 s at intensity 0.3 W/cm2in the presence of liposome membrane microbubbles (1 μl/ml) after treated with platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB). The reorganizations of microfilaments, microtubules and intermediate filaments were examined by using immunofluorescence and fluorocytochemistry techniques. Results There was a substantial increase in the expression of F-actin and assembly of long bundles of stress fibers in the transversed cell body when treated with PDGF-BB. Neither alterations of β-tubulin nor of vimentin cytoskeletal protein organization were observed in PDGF-BB treated cells as compared to those of the contol group. After ultrasound irradiation combined with liposome membrane microbubbles, the expression of F-actin, β-tubulin and vimentin were reduced along with the simultaneous changes in microfilaments, microtubles and intermediate filaments array. Conclusions Ultrasound irradiation combined with liposome membrane microbubbles can induce significant changes in cytoskeleton structure of VSMCs cultured in vitro.