OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy of Live combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium in the prevention and treatment of Antibiotic associated diarrhea(AAD),and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from CBM,CJFD and Wanfang database,randomized controlled trials (RCT)of Live combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium(test group)versus placebo(control group)in the prevention and treatment of AAD. After data ex-tract and quality evaluation,systematical evaluation was performed by using Rev Man 5.0 statistics software. RESULTS:A total of 21 RCT were included,involving 3 881 patients. According to the purpose of different purpose of druguse,the RCT were divided into prevention group and treatment group. Results of Meta-analysis showed the incidence of diarrhea in prevention test group was significantly lower than control group[OR=0.27 ,95% CI(0.22 ,0.32),P<0.001] ,the average hospitalization time in prevention test group was significantly less than control group [MD=-53.19,95%CI(-79.63,-26.75),P<0.001],and the total clinical ef-fective rate in treatment test group was significantly higher than control group[OR=6.76,95%CI(4.16,10.98),P<0.001]. CON-CLUSIONS:The efficacy of Live combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium are good in the prevention and treatment of AAD. However,due to the limit of methodological quality and sample size,it remains to be further verified with more rigorously designed and long-term follow-up of large-scale RCT.

Drugs for military special needs are important strategic materials for supporting military operational needs and maintaining national security,and are highly valued by Armed Forces in each country in the world.The U.S.military has accumulated much experience through the long-term management of drugs for military special needs.Here,The U.S.military and civilian integration management of drugs for military special needs between the U.S.DOD and FDA was analyzed in terms of research,purchase,use and storage,the secrets of success were summarized,and problems were identified.Finally,recommendations on military and civilian integration management of drugs for military special needs in China were proposed.

Objective To access the relation between the Doppler waveform of the hepatic venous flow and the hepatic fibrosis.Methods To construct fibrosis models,20 experimental rabbits were fed with thioacetamide as the only drinking water at the concentration of 1.2 g/L,then the Doppler waveforms of the hepatic vein were detected at the time before constructing the fibrosis model,then later the 8th week,12th week and 16th week during constructing the fibrosis models,the results were compared with the hepatic biopsy ones.Results With the process of constructing the fibrosis models,the experimental rabbits had more abnormal Doppler waveforms of the hepatic venous flow.Conclusions The changes of the Doppler waveforms of the hepatic venous flow reflect the change of hepatic parenchyma.

This article is to introduce the result of the ultrasonographic examination of the patients with portal hypertension. The portal system of 42 patients with portal hypertension was examined with B-mode ultrasound and that of 109 healthy adults was also examined as control. The diameters of the portal and splenic veins of all the cases were measured. It was found that the average diameters of the potral veins of the control and the patients were 1.11?0.17 cm and 1.65?0.28 cm respectively (t = 7.3, P

Objective To evaluate the echocardiographic findings and clinical application in the rupture of sinus of Valsalva aneurysm(SVA).Methods Typical transthoracic echocardiographic appearance of 62 patients with SVA and accompanied abnormality were reviewed and compared with operative results.Results Fifty-eight (93.5%) cases SVA were preoperatively discovered by echocardiography, while 2 (3.2%) misdiagnosed as tetralogy of Fallot and tricuspid regurgitation and 2 (3.2%) missed diagnosis.Accompanying teratisms included frequently ventricular septal defect (VSD) (33 cases, 53.2 %) and aortic valve dysplasia(11 cases, 17.7%).The rupture site and the drainage chamber were essentially consisted with surgery,while the size of VSD measured by echocardiography was significantly smaller than that measured in operation.Conclusions Transthoracic echoeardiography is valuable in diagnosing of the site, drainage chamber and the accompanied abnormality of SVA.

Objective To study the dynamic changes of transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) on our in vitro model of brain blood barrier (BBB) made from primary culture of BALB/c mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC), and to explore the relation between TEER and BBB permeability, and search for the best culture condition. Methods BMVEC were isolated from BALB/c mouse and cultured on a transwell insert with special micro-pore. The cells were identified with immunohistochemical methods and electron microscope. TEER over BMVEC was measured after BBB model establishment for determining the 3H-Glucose permeability of BBB in vitro. Results BMVEC cultured in the transwell insert exhibited typical "flagstone" appearance and in a tight monolayer structure under electron microscope. Immunohistochemical detection of ZO-1 protein, a marker antigen of tight junction, showed smooth, continuous and tight junctions between confluent BMVEC. TEER over BMVEC monolayer increased to (346?10) ?/cm2 when the permeability for 3H-Glucose was decreased to the minimum. Conclusion BBB model in vitro made from primary culture of BMVEC in transwell has the basic characteristics of BBB in morphology, electrical resistance and permeability.

ObjectiveTo study the application of endovascular treatment of the acute ruptured intracranial aneurysms with the hydrocoil. Methods Fifteen patients ( treatment group ) with 17 acute ruptured intracranial aneurysms were treated with the hydrocoils.In the same period,18 patients (control group) with acute ruptured intracranial aneurysms were treated with the bare platinum coil.Results In treatment group,16 aneurysms received dease embolization,and one aneutysm had subtotal embolization.In control group,11 aneurysms achieved dense embolization,7 aneurysms had subtotal embolization.There was a significant difference between the two groups ( x2 =5.402,P ＜ 0.05 ). After follow-up by DSA from 6 months to 1.5 years,no recurrence was showed in the treatment group,while recurrence occurred in 5 cases in the control group aneurysm,with a significant difference between the two groups ( x2 =5.510,P ＜0.05 ).ConclusionThe hydrocoil is an effective therapy for the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms with improving the packing density of intracranial aneurysm embolization and reducing the recurrence rate.