Tenascin-C (TNC) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, which is usually highly expressed in embryonic tissues and tumor tissues, but is not expressed or just lowly expressed in mature tissues. TNC is involved in various complex signaling pathways during tumor metastasis, especially through modulating FAK, RhoA, Wnt and Notch pathways by interacting with syndecan-4, integrin α5β1, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). As a result, TNC affects epithelial mesenchymal transition, tumor cell adhesion, proliferation and angiogenesis, which eventually enhances the invasion and metastasis ability of many tumors. Further studies have demonstrated that TNC could be used as prognosis or metastasis marker of patients with malignant tumor.
Cell Adhesion ; Humans ; Integrins ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Signal Transduction ; Tenascin ; physiology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

The right or whole thorax of Wistar rat was irradiated with 60Co ?-ray including single exposure (10,30,50,70Gy) and fractional exposures(30, 60Gy). Animals from each group were sacrificed at 0.5,1,2,3,6,9,12 months after irradiation. Sections of lung were examined with light microscopy (LM), electron microscopy (EM), histochemistry and morphometry. The pulmonary changes could be divided into four phases: exudation, granulation, fibroplasia and collagenation. The four phases can exactly show the development piocess of irradiation interstitial pneumonitis. Type Ⅱ pneumocyte and mast cell may play a role in pulmonary fibrosis formation.

OBJECTIVETo explore the significance of protein kinase C (PKC) in proliferation and infiltration of eosinophils in nasal polyps.

METHODSWith in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry staining methods, PKC, pro-apoptotic, and anti-apoptotic gene (Bax, bcl-2) expressions were measured in nasal polyp tissues from 26 patients and inferior turbinate mucosa tissues (ITMTs) from 20 healthy persons. The May-Grünwald-Giemsa (MGG) staining method was used to identify eosinophils.

RESULTSIn eosinophils, the positive cell expressive rates of Bcl-2 mRNA and its protein were significantly higher in the group with nasal polyps than in the ITMT group (P < 0.01). Although the positive cell expressive rate of Bax mRNA and associated protein were a little higher in the group with nasal polyp tissues than in the ITMT group, the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). There was PKC expression in the eosinophils of 26 cases of nasal polyps, but occasional PKC expression in 7 of 20 ITMT cases. In the two groups, PKC positive cell expression was significantly different, and the expression of PKC and bcl-2 mRNA as well as associated protein in eosinophils of nasal polyps showed a remarkably positive relationship (r1 = 0.0875, r2 = 0.0823, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSIncreased PKC expression in eosinophils of nasal polyp tissues is closely associated with apoptosis inhibition, and it is presumed that eosinophil apoptosis inhibition in nasal polyp tissues is obtained by activation of the PKC signal transduction pathway.

Adult ; Aged ; Cell Division ; Eosinophils ; enzymology ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Polyps ; enzymology ; pathology ; Protein Kinase C ; analysis ; Signal Transduction ; physiology

Objective To discuss the feasibility and the curative effect of transurethral diverticulum section in the treatment of female urethral diverticulum.Method We retrospectively analyzed the transurethral diverticulum section surgeries of 11 adult female patients diagnosed as urethral diverticulum in our hospital from August 2012 to October 2016.The patients aged from 33 years old to 74 years old with an average age of 43.Their medical histories varied from 1 month to more than 40 years with an average histories of 80 months.Major symptoms included odynuria,frequent micturition,dyspareunia,perineum bearing-down feeling,repetitive urinary tract infection,dysuria,urinary stuttering,penis masses,etc.One patient underwent TVT-O.Two patients had urinary catheterization before the disease.During physical examination,cystic masses of different sizes could be touched on anterior vaginal walls with pain and secretion.Cystic lesions can be found by imaging examination.Transurethral diverticulum section was performed under general anesthesia.Using needle electrode by resectoscope,we made an annular incision in the direction of the vertical axis of the urethra,from the beginning of diverticulum ostium.The diverticulum completely communicated with the urethra.In 11 patients of transurethral endoscopic,the urethral sphincter and the diverticulum wall appeared morphological integrity and no damage.There was no liquid drained to de vagina.There was no urethral sphincter injury and no urethral vaginal leakage.We observed the operation time,bleeding volume,diverticulum position,the number of diverticulum,urethral sphincter intraoperative.We also observed the postoperative symptoms,short-term and long-term complications.Result All surgeries went on well,in which urethral diverticula were fully opened.The operation time was 30-45 minutes,average 35 minutes.The amount of bleeding within 5 ml.4 cases with multiple diverticulum,with 2 cases of diverticulum ostia were 2,2 cases of diverticulum ostia were 3.The other 7 cases with single diverticulum,diverticulum ostium was 1.The catheters were removed 2 weeks after the surgery,after that all patients can urinate normally.The follow-up time was 5-55 months (mean,24 months).All pre-surgical symptoms disappeared and no complication occurred,such as urethral stricture,urinary incontinence,urethro-vaginal fistula,etc.Conclusion Transurethral diverticulum section is a reliable treatment for female urethral diverticulum with positive curative effect and no obvious complication.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection in the treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) in a real-world setting.Methods:This was a real-world ambispective cohort study (MOMENT study) (Chinese clinical trial registry number: ChiCTR2200062067). Clinical data were collected from 198 patients who received mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection as monotherapy or combination therapy at 37 hospitals from January 2022 to January 2023, including 166 patients in the retrospective cohort and 32 patients in the prospective cohort; 10 patients in the treatment-na?ve group and 188 patients in the relapsed/refractory group. Clinical characteristics, efficacy and adverse events were summarized, and the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed.Results:All 198 patients were treated with mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection for a median of 3 cycles (range 1-7 cycles); 28 cases were treated with mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection as monotherapy, and 170 cases were treated with the combination regimen. Among 188 relapsed/refractory patients, 45 cases (23.9%) were in complete remission (CR), 82 cases (43.6%) were in partial remission (PR), and 28 cases (14.9%) were in disease stabilization (SD), and 33 cases (17.6%) were in disease progression (PD), with an objective remission rate (ORR) of 67.6% (127/188). Among 10 treatment-na?ve patients, 4 cases (40.0%) were in CR, 5 cases (50.0%) were in PR, and 1 case (10.0%) was in PD, with an ORR of 90.0% (9/10). The median follow-up time was 2.9 months (95% CI 2.4-3.7 months), and the median PFS and OS of patients in relapsed/refractory and treatment-na?ve groups were not reached. In relapsed/refractory patients, the difference in ORR between patients with different number of treatment lines of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection [ORR of the second-line, the third-line and ≥the forth-line treatment was 74.4% (67/90), 73.9% (34/46) and 50.0% (26/52)] was statistically significant ( P = 0.008). Of the 198 PTCL patients, 182 cases (91.9%) experienced at least 1 time of treatment-related adverse events, and the incidence rate of ≥grade 3 adverse events was 66.7% (132/198), which was mainly characterized by hematologic adverse events. The ≥ grade 3 hematologic adverse events mainly included decreased lymphocyte count, decreased neutrophil count, decreased white blood cell count, and anemia; non-hematologic adverse events were mostly grade 1-2, mainly including pigmentation disorders and upper respiratory tract infection. Conclusions:The use of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection-containing regimen in the treatment of PTCL has definite efficacy and is well tolerated, and it is a new therapeutic option for PTCL patients.

BACKGROUNDThe Xpert MTB/RIF showed high sensitivity and specificity in previous studies carried out in different epidemiological and geographical settings and patient populations in high-burden tuberculosis (TB) countries. However, there were little data obtained by validation or demonstration study of the assay in China. In this study, the performance of Xpert MTB/RIF was investigated in two county-level laboratories in Hunan Province, China.

METHODSConsecutive patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and suspicion for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) were enrolled. For each patient suspected to have PTB, three sputum specimens (one spot sputum, one night sputum, and one morning sputum) were collected and each sputum was tested with smear microscopy, Löwenstein-Jensen (LJ) culture, and Xpert MTB/RIF test. For comparison across subgroups and testing methods, 95% confidence intervals were calculated. All analyses were done with SPSS 16.0, and P < 0.05 was regarded as significant.

RESULTSFor case detection, the sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF was 100% for smear- and culture-positive TB and 88.6% for smear-negative and culture-positive TB; the overall sensitivity was 94.5% for all culture-positive patients. The specificity was 99.8%. The sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF assay was 22.0% in clinical TB patients and the specificity reached 100.0% in the group of patients who are infected with nontuberculous mycobacteria. For the detection of rifampin resistance, the sensitivity of MTB/RIF RIF-resistance detection was 92.9%, and the specificity was 98.7%. Of the 26 Xpert MTB/RIF-positive and RIF-resistant patients confirmed by LJ proportion tests, 20 (76.9%) patients were infected by MDR-TB.

CONCLUSIONSThe Xpert MTB/RIF assay is a highly sensitive and specific method for diagnosis of TB and RIF resistance, which will enable it to have the potential to be used in county-level laboratories and lead to the reduction of the infectious pool and improvements in TB control in China. Further evaluations in county-level laboratories for implementing the assay are still required.

Adult ; Antibiotics, Antitubercular ; therapeutic use ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rifampin ; therapeutic use ; Tuberculosis ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Young Adult