OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents from the whole plants of Senecio chrysanthemoides.

METHODConstituents were isolated by using a combination of various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS C18, as well as reversed-phase HPLC. Structures of the isolates were identified by spectroscopic and chemical methods.

RESULTEighteen glycosides were obtained from a H2O-soluble portion of an ethanolic extract of the whole plants of Senecio chrysanthemoides and their structures were elucidated as 5'-methoxyligusinenoside B (1), hyuganoside III b (2), citrusin A (3), alaschanioside A (4), citrusin B (5), dehydrodieoniferyl alcohol 4, gamma'-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (6), osmanthuside G (7), syringin (8), dehydrosyringin (9), 2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl) ethanol 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (10), 2-phenylethyl beta-gentiobioside (11), phenethyl beta-D-glucopyranoside (12), nikoenoside (13), benzyl beta-D-glucopyranoyl (1 --> 6 ) -beta-D-glucopyranoside (14), 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (15), icariside B2 (16), sonchuionoside C (17), and 1-[(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy) methyl] -5,6-dihydropyrrolizin-7-one (18).

CONCLUSIONCompound 1 was a new lignan glycoside, and the remaining compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Chromatography ; methods ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Lignans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Senecio ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents from the whole plants of Senecio chrysanthemoides.

METHODThe chemical constituents were isolated and purified by chromatographic techniques over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, preparative TLC and preparative HPLC. Structures of the compounds were identified by NMR and MS spectroscopic methods.

RESULTTwenty five compounds were obtained and their structures were elucidated as seneciphyline (1), senecionine (2) , 1,2-dihydrocacalohastine (3) , eu-desm-4( 15)-ene-1beta,6alpha-diol (4), 7,11,15-trimethyl- 3methylidenehexadecane-1,2-diol (5), faradiol 3-O-palmitate (6),maniladiol 3-O-palmitate (7), faradiol (8), maniladiol (9), beta-amyrin (10), alpha-amyrin (11), betulin (12), loranthol (13), (+)-syringaresinol (14) , 1-hydroxy-4-oxo-cyclohexane-1-acetate (15), 2, 6-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone (16), stigmasta-5, 22-dien-3beta-hydroxy-7-one (17) , stigmasta-5, 22-dien-7-one (18) , stigmasta-4-en-3-one (19), stigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one (20), beta-sitosterol (21), stigmasterol (22), daucosterol (23), glycerol 1-hendecanoate (24), and methyl hendecanoate (25).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 5-9,13, 17-20 and 24 were obtained from the genus Senecio for the first time.

Acetates ; chemistry ; Chemical Fractionation ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Senecio ; chemistry

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of aqueous extract of Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma （STRR） on rheumatoid arthritis （RA） and to explore the anti-bone destruction mechanism based on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/serine/threonine-protein kinase （Akt） pathway. MethodHigh-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was used to determine the content of main active components in aqueous extract of STRR， and type Ⅱ collagen to induce RA （CIA） in mice. The blank group， model group， methotrexate （MTX） group （0.5 mg·kg^-1）， and low-dose （100 mg·kg^-1） and high-dose （200 mg·kg^-1） STRR aqueous extract groups were designed. Joint swelling was observed and clinical scores of CIA mice were calculated. Pathological changes of mouse joints were observed based on hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining， and Micro-CT was performed to monitor joint destruction. TRAP staining was used to observe osteoclast formation in mouse joint， and Western blot to detect the expression of key proteins in PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in mouse joint tissue. ResultThe model group demonstrated higher degree of joint swelling， clinical scores of CIA， and degrees of synovial hyperplasia， inflammatory cell infiltration （P<0.01）， and joint destruction， more osteoclasts， and higher levels of matrix metallopeptidase-9 （MMP-9）， cathepsin K （CTSK）， nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 （NFATc1）， PI3K， and phosphorylated-Akt （p-Akt） proteins than the blank group （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the low-dose and high-dose aqueous extract of STRR alleviated joint swelling， reduced the clinical scores of CIA mice （P<0.05， P<0.01）， relieved the pathological changes of joint tissue （P<0.01） and joint destruction， decreased osteoclasts （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and lowered the levels of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway-related proteins in joint tissue of mice （P<0.01）. ConclusionThe aqueous extract of STRR can significantly delay the inflammatory response of RA and especially inhibit bone destruction by down-regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.