Purpose: This phenomenological study tried to understand the essence of the transitional care experience of medicaid case managers and its structural meaning. In addition, it was attempted to establish a system of transitional care and seek support measures for medicaid case managers. Methods: The participants of this study were 7 medicaid case managers who had spent more than 1 year and 6 months in medicaid pilot project. Data were collected with individual in-depth interviews from June to December 2021. The data were analyzed by Giorgi's phenomenological analysis method. Results: The seven constituents derived from the results of this study were 'struggle to establish a living environment', 'dedication to supporting independent living', 'anxiety about safety', 'pressure on care responsibilities', ‘distress in building the pilot project’, 'pride in role', and 'expectation for improvement'. Conclusion The study results provide a comprehensive understanding of the transition care reality for medicaid case managers. They also shed light on managers’ perceptions and attitudes. These findings can serve as fundamental information for establishing support measures for medicaid case managers and transitional care systems.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was examine effects of fatigue, anxiety, depression, social support, and spiritual well-being of supportive education program for hospice patients's family. METHOD: Using a non-equivalent control group pre-post quasi-experimental design, 70 study subjects were assigned into two groups, experimental group (n=35) and the control group (n=35). Measures were fatigue, state-anxiety, depression, social support, and spiritual well-being to test for the effects of supportive education program for hospice patients's family. Data analyzed using chi2 test, t-test with SPSS/WIN 19.0 version. RESULTS: The experimental group receiving supportive education program for hospice patients's family had a significant changes of fatigue, state-anxiety, depression, social support, and spiritual well-being. CONCLUSION: The supportive education program for hospice patients's family is an effective intervention to enhance social support and spiritual well-being and to decrease fatigue, anxiety and depression.
Anxiety ; Depression ; Education* ; Fatigue ; Hospices* ; Humans

PURPOSE: This study examined the fitness of a path model on the relationship among perceived health status, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and Yangsaeng for elderly women. METHODS: The subjects consisted of 633 aged women. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires. The data were analyzed with the SPSS and AMOS programs. RESULTS: Perceived health status, self-esteem, and self-efficacy showed a direct effect on elderly women's Yangsaeng while perceived health status and self-esteem showed an indirect effect on their Yangsaeng. Perceived health status and self-esteem showed a direct effect on elderly women's self-efficacy. The hypothetical path model of elderly women's Yangsaeng was proven correct. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that elderly women's Yangsaeng can be enhanced by increasing their perceived health status, self-esteem and self-efficacy. Based on the outcomes of this study, it is necessary to design an intervention program that emphasizes the enhancement of perceived health status, self-esteem and self-efficacy in order to improve elderly women's Yangsaeng.
Aged* ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to develop clinical decision support systems (CDSS) that are integrated with hospital information systems for the differential diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). METHODS: The integrated CDSS were validated and evaluated by physicians. Knowledge modeling for diagnosing IPF was performed by knowledge working groups, composed of radiologists and respiratory specialists. In order to develop the model for CDSS diagnosis, the clinical cases were collected from 290 cases from Seoul National University Hospital and Sevrance Hospital of Yonsei University. For the evaluation of integrated CDSS, interviews were conducted with respiratory specialists and radiologist 2 weeks after applying CDSSs in clinical settings. The CDSS was integrated with the computer vision system (CVS) and diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLD), CDSS developed in our previous project. RESULTS: Eighteen cases diagnosed as IPF were applied to the collection of diagnostic knowledge and the refined knowledge, the former diagnosed 1 case (6%) and the latter diagnosed 14 cases (78%). Therefore, the refined knowledge performed better than collected knowledge. The validation results of integrated CDSSs showed that 81 cases (74.3%) were diagnosed correctly. CONCLUSIONS: There were 109 cases of IPF diagnosed and initiated on treatment. The significance of this study is in developing integrated CDSS with PACS by acquiring and redefining the knowledge needed for IPF diagnosis. In addition, it is significant for the integration of CDSS to verification and clinical evaluation.
Decision Support Systems, Clinical ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hospital Information Systems ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; Machine Learning ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; Radiology Information Systems ; Specialization

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and periodontal disease in postmenopausal women using data from the 4th and 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 5,482 postmenopausal women aged 45~75 years were included as study subjects in the final analysis. The HRT group comprised 1,035 postmenopausal women who had received HRT for at least one month, and the non-HRT group comprised 4,447 postmenopausal women who did not receive HRT. The chi-square test was used to confirm the bivariate relationship between the variables. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for covariance (age, education, family income, body mass index, age of menopause, alcohol, smoking, dental visit < 1 per year, use of oral care products, and frequency of tooth brushing per day). After adjusting for all covariates, HRT was found to be associated with periodontal disease. In particular, the relationship between HRT and periodontal disease was more evident in older women and women younger than 45 years of menopausal age. The relationship between HRT and periodontal disease was stronger in women who brushed their teeth less than 3 times per day, women without regular oral examination, and women who did not use oral hygiene products. The results of this study confirmed the importance of actively considering hormone therapy when determining policy recommendations for postmenopausal women. Especially, health programs such as HRT, regular dental examination, and oral care are needed for older women who have undergone premature menopause.
Body Mass Index ; Diagnosis, Oral ; Education ; Female ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Menopause ; Menopause, Premature ; Nutrition Surveys ; Oral Hygiene ; Periodontal Diseases ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Tooth

Background: The purpose of this descriptive study is to investigate nurses’ social support, health status, grit, and work-life balance and identify the factors affecting their work-life balance. Methods: The subjects in this study were 203 nurses working in a university hospital. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficients, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Scheffe’s test, and multiple linear regression. Results: The study revealed significant relationships between work-life balance and social support (r=0.39, P<0.001), health status (r=0.69, P<0.001), and grit (r=0.36, P<0.001). Factors influencing work-life balance were health status (β=0.57), grit (β=0.17), social support (β=0.14), and work experience (β=-0.12). The explanatory power of the regression model was 51.2%, and the model was statistically significant (F=43.45, P<0.001). Conclusions This study suggests that it is necessary to include, in the intervention strategy for nurses’ work-life balance, methods to improve their health status, grit, and social support. A balanced work-life for nurses can help them satisfactorily perform professional services while managing the nursing organization stably and, ultimately, help them grow into professional nurses in the future.

Background: The purpose of this descriptive study is to investigate nurses’ social support, health status, grit, and work-life balance and identify the factors affecting their work-life balance. Methods: The subjects in this study were 203 nurses working in a university hospital. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficients, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Scheffe’s test, and multiple linear regression. Results: The study revealed significant relationships between work-life balance and social support (r=0.39, P<0.001), health status (r=0.69, P<0.001), and grit (r=0.36, P<0.001). Factors influencing work-life balance were health status (β=0.57), grit (β=0.17), social support (β=0.14), and work experience (β=-0.12). The explanatory power of the regression model was 51.2%, and the model was statistically significant (F=43.45, P<0.001). Conclusions This study suggests that it is necessary to include, in the intervention strategy for nurses’ work-life balance, methods to improve their health status, grit, and social support. A balanced work-life for nurses can help them satisfactorily perform professional services while managing the nursing organization stably and, ultimately, help them grow into professional nurses in the future.

Purpose: The goal of this study was to see how flipped learning affected nursing students in South Korea who were enrolled in a quit smoking intervention education program. The flipped learning-based quit smoking intervention education program was developed to help nursing students implement the intervention. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted using a pretest-posttest design. A total of 52 nursing students, divided into experimental and control groups of 26 each, participated between November and December 2021. The experimental group was instructed in the flipped learning-based quit smoking intervention education program over six sessions. In accordance with flipped learning, each session was composed of pre-class, in-class, and post-class sections. Results: Compared to the control group, the experimental group showed improved beliefs about the health benefits of quitting smoking, as well as positive attitudes and self-efficacy from the quit smoking intervention. The experimental group experienced the greatest increase in student-centered activities and student participation through flipped learning. Conclusion These results indicate that the flipped learning method was effective in quit smoking intervention education for nursing students. Therefore, it is worthwhile to consider that a quit smoking intervention education program based on flipped learning be included in the regular nursing curriculum.

Cylindrocarpon destructans causes root rot disease in ginseng and can survive for a long time, producing chlamydospores. We optimized conditions to induce chlamydospore production from the conidia of C. destructans, isolated from Korean ginseng. This will provide the basis for testing the efficacy of control agents targeting these chlamydospores.
Korea* ; Panax* ; Spores, Fungal*

Background: Prolotherapy, which stimulates the healing of loosened ligaments and tendons, is a cost-effective and safe treatment modality for chronic musculoskeletal pain. Its benefits may be affected by injection protocols, comparative regimens, and evaluation scales. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of dextrose prolotherapy as a long-term treatment for chronic musculoskeletal pain. Methods: Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central, KoreaMed, and KMbase databases were searched for studies published up to March 2019. We included randomized controlled trials which compared the effect of dextrose prolotherapy with that of other therapies such as exercise, saline, platelet-rich plasma, and steroid injection. The primary outcome was pain score change during daily life. Results: Ten studies involving 750 participants were included in the final analysis. Pain scores from 6 months to 1 year after dextrose prolotherapy were significantly reduced compared to saline injection (standardized mean difference [SMD] –0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI] –0.76 to –0.11, P = 0.008) and exercise (SMD –0.42; 95% CI –0.77 to –0.07, P = 0.02). Prolotherapy yielded results similar to platelet-rich plasma or steroid injection, that it showed no significant difference in pain score. Conclusions Dextrose prolotherapy is more effective in the treatment of chronic pain compared to saline injection or exercise. Its effect was comparable to that of platelet-rich plasma or steroid injection. Adequately powered, homogeneous, and longer-term trials are needed to better elucidate the efficacy of prolotherapy.