The expressions of survivin and bcl-2 protiens were examined in 8 specimens from normal pituitary tissues and 38 pituitary adenomas by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the expression of survivin was strongly associated with bcl-2 expression and abnormal expression of survivin resulted in inhibition of cell apoptosis, which might play a role in the pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas.

Objective To study the expression of BCSG1 ,S100A4,VEGF in human breast cancer.Methods Immunohistochemistry technique SP method was used to examine breast fibroadenoma in 40 cases,breast invasive ductal carcinoma in 62 cases ( by armpit lymph node metastasis as 2 groups) and corresponding paratumor tissues in 48 cases. Results Among the 4 groups, there was significant difference ( P＜0.05 ) in the positive immunostaining rate of BCSG1 ,S100A4, VEGF. Conclusions In the breast invasive ductal carcinoma, the expression of BCSG1, S100A4 and VEGF increased. This suggested the invasive and metastasis ability of the neoplasm enhanced. The expression were in positive correlation with tumor pathology. Combined detection of BCSG1, S100A4, VEGF expression contributes to the early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of the carcinoma of the breast.

Objective: This study aimed to discriminate between Eupatorii Herba and its adulterants in order to guarantee the quality and clinical curative effect of this medicinal material. Methods: Genomic DNA extracted from Eupatorii Herba was used as templates. The internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of nuclear ribosomal DNA was amplified. Sequence assembly and consensus sequence generation were performed by CodonCode Aligner. The intraspecific and interspecific genetic distances of Eupatorii Herba and its adulterants were computed by MEGA5 and the phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining (NJ) method. Results: The length of ITS2 sequence of Eupatorii Herba was 218 bp. The maximum intraspecific genetic distance (K2P distance) of Eupatorii Herba was 0.0092. The minimum interspecific genetic distance of Eupatorii Herba and its adulterants was 0.024. The NJ trees showed that the ITS2 sequence would be used to identify Eupatorii Herba and its adulterants. Con-clusion: ITS2 sequence was able to identify Eupatorii Herba and its adulterants correctly and it provided a new technique to ensure clinical safety in utilization of traditional Chinese medicines.

Objective: To identify Xanthii Fructus and secure its quality and safety in medication. Methods: Total ge-nomic DNA was extracted from Xanthii Fructus and its adulterants. ITS2 sequences were amplified, and purified PCR products were sequenced. Sequence assembly and consensus sequence generation were performed using the CodonCode Aligner V 4.2. The Kimura 2-Parameter (K2P) distances were calculated using MEGA 5.0. The neigh-bor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic trees were constructed. Results: The intraspecific genetic distances of Xanthii Fructus were 0. The interspecific genetic distances between Xanthii Fructus and its adulterants were ranged from 0.009 to 0.542. The NJ tree showed that Xanthii Fructus could differ from its adulterants obviously. Conclusion: ITS2 can be used to identify Xanthii Fructus from its adulterants effectively, and our study further confirmed the effectiveness of ITS2 to identify traditional Chinese medicinal materials.

The incidence of thyroid cancer has continued to increase. Most thyroid cancer patients have good prognosis, but there are still some patients who will develop into the middle or late stage. The status of cytotoxic treatment in thyroid cancer treatment is controversial. Chemotherapy, as a classical malignant tumor treatment, has its unique significance for the special type and the special period of thyroid cancer. Chemotherapy can be an option for systemic treatment if no other treatment is available for patients of differentiated thyroid carcinoma refractory to radiodine in rapid progression and life-threatening period. For patients of anaplastic thyroid cancer in progression period, chemotherapy can be selected if there are no other treatments in clinical trials. And "Chemical therapy plus" treatment model might play an important role in thyroid treatment, because with the development of targeted drugs and immunotherapy, chemotherapy combined with other treatments can reduce the dosage of chemotherapy drugs to reduce the toxic side effect, and can improve other therapeutic effects.