Object To study chemical constituents of the root of Isatis indigotica Fort Methods The powdered plant material was percolated with 95% ethanol, the percolate was extracted with different solvents, the extract was subject to chromatography on silica gel column and macroporous resin column. The compounds were identitfied by their physicochemical properties and spectral data (MS, 1HNMR, 13 CNMR, UV and IR) Results Two compounds were obtained from the ethanol extracts of the plant root They are 3 (2′ hydroxyphenyl) 4(3H) quinazolinone and isaindigodione respectively Conclusion The two compounds were obtained from I. indigotica for the first time

Objective The hypoxic-ischemic(HI) cardio-cerebral damage caused by cardiac arrest in perioperative period is the main cause of acute and chronic disability in children patients.To investigate role of mitochondrial dysfunction in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage of mice.Methods The hypoxic-ischemic mice model was established by the bilateral carotid artery occlusion and hypoxia treatment.The neurobehavior of mice in HI model group,sham-operated group,and comparative group were evaluated within 48 hours after operation.After 48 hours,the mice were killed to evaluate the brain water content,mitochondria content,swelling,antioxidant capacity,and respiratory function.Results Within 0,24 hours after operation,the abnormal rate of the neurobehavior of HI model mice was 83.33％,which was significantly higher than comparative and sham-operated groups.The water content of right brain was significantly increased evidently compared to the other two groups (P ＜ 0.05).The content and swelling of mitochondria in brain were increased.The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD),the glutathione (GSH) content,respiratory state 3 (ST3),and respiration control of rate (RCR) were significantly decreased; while the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and ST4 were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The brain tissue showed different swelling,the mitochondrial function occurred disorder,which might play an important role in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage of mice.

Purpose Synchronous multiple primary esophageal carcinomas may be undetected by gastroscopy. This study aims to assess the role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT in detecting synchronous multiple primary esophageal carcinomas. Materials and Methods Thirteen patients with synchronous multiple primary esophageal carcinoma who underwent gastroscopy and 18F-FDG PET/CT within two weeks before treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Results Gastroscopy and 18F-FDG PET/CT detected 22 and 29 esophageal carcinomatous foci respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (Z=-2.333, P<0.05). All the 29 esophageal carcinomatous foci showed high 18F-FDG uptake with a SUVmax ranging from 3.1 to 20.1 (mean, 10.7±5.7). 18F-FDG PET/CT also detected surrounding organ invasion in 3 patients, lymphatic metastasis in 10 patients and distant metastasis in 3 patients. Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT detects more esophageal carcinomatous foci compared with gastroscopy in patients with synchronous multiple primary esophageal carcinomas and also performs the staging diagnosis, which may help in improving clinical management and prognosis.

Objective To investigate the application effect of stone basket in ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for treatment of upper ureteral calculi. Methods The clinical data of 96 patients with upper ureteral calculi were retrospectively analyzed, all patients underwent ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy. Forty-eight cases used the stone basket in the operation process (observation group), and 48 cases did not use the stone basket in the operation process (control group). The operation time, length of stay, success rate of lithotripsy, stone residual rate and incidence of postoperative complication were compared between 2 groups. Results The patients of 2 groups successfully completed surgery. There were no statistical differences in operation time, length of stay and incidence of postoperative complication between 2 groups (P>0.05). The success rate of lithotripsy in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group: 97.92% (47/48) vs. 75.00% (36/48), and the stone residual rate was significantly lower than that in control group:4.17%(2/48) vs. 18.75%(9/48), and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusions The stone basket in ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for treatment of upper ureteral calculi can thoroughly remove stones. It reduces the incidence of residual stones, does not affect the safety of the operation, and has good clinical value.

AIM: To observe the early changes of local cerebral blood supply in dogs during the acute vertebral artery stenosis by 99 TcmECD cerebral blood flow perfusion imaging(CBFPI).METHODS: Twenty-four dogs were randomized into groups of normal controls(A),moderate stenosis(B),severe stenosis(C) and arterial occlusion(D),with 6 in each group.Group A were free from any intervention,but Group B,C and D were undergone ligation of the right vertebral arteries by the extent of 50%～69%(Group B),70%～99%(Group C) or 100%(Group D).The imaging agents were injected intravenously 0.5-1 h after ligation and the single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) was performed after 1 h.RESULTS: CBFPI examination of the early changes of cerebral blood supply during the acute vertebral artery stenosis by visualization showed that the sensitivity was 33.3%,83.3% and 100% in Group B,C and D,respectively,with an average sensitivity of 72.2%,while semi-quantitative assessment suggested that the sensitivity was 50%,100% and 100% in the three groups,respectively,with an average sensitivity of 83.3%.When examining the activity ratio for regions of interest(ROI) by semi-quantitative 99 Tcm-ECD CBFPI,the findings suggested that Group D and C decreased significantly(exception in cerebellum in Group C),but Group B had no evident changes,as compared with Group A.By comparison of the groups of B-C,B-D and C-D,differences were observed in the right temporal lobes,whereas the changes in left temporal lobes were seen in Group B-C or B-D.The changes were seen in occipital lobes when groups of B and D were compared,but with no differences in cerebellum.CONCLUSION: The degree of stenosis in vertebral arteries may involve varied regions,the temporal lobe is susceptive,followed by occipital lobe,while cerebellum is somewhat resistant from the involvement.

BACKGROUND:At present,the problems such as serious shortage of donor liver organs for transplantation,surgical injury,high incidence of surgical complications,as well as the high costs limit the development of liver transplantation,while the hepatic stem cell(HSC)transplantation provides a new pathway for the treatment of end-stage liver disease.OBJECTIVE:To introduce the source and classification of HSCs,research progress and problems of HSC transplantation for treatment of end-stage liver disease,and the clinical application prospects of HSC transplantation.METHODS:Articles were collected from CNKI and Medline database with the keywords of "hepatic stem cells,liver disease,transplantation" in both Chinese and English from 1999 to 2009.Among 87 articles,30 were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.Following reading titles and abstracts,original articles,and articles closely related to HSC transplantation with reliable argument and evidence and general analysis were included.Articles of repetitive studies and poor quality were excluded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The HSC can be divided into liver-derived stem cells and non-liver-derived stem cells.Liver-derived stem cells include hepatic oval cells,mature liver cells and small hepatocyte-like progenitor cell.Non-liver-derived stem cells were mainly derived from embryonic stem cells,bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and pancreatic stem cells.Currently,the research for the treatment of liver disease by HSC is still in its early stages.There are many difficult issues to be studied and solved in the discovery,separation,purification,comprehensive identification,cultivation,directed differentiation as well as clinical trials.However,as a new source of seed cells,HSC can not only replace the damaged tissue but can stimulate the receptor in tissue regeneration.Hence,compared with the clinical liver transplantation and bio-artificial liver,there are very bright future for the treatment of liver diseases by transplating HSC.

Object To extract and separate the chemical constituents from the root of Isatis indigotica Fort (Cruciferae) Methods The root of I. indigotica was percolated with 95% ethyl alcohol, partitioned in solvents of different polarities and finally isolated on silica gel and macroporous resin columns The purified compounds obtained were identified and structurally elucidated by their physicochemical properties and spectral analysis Results Two compounds were obtained and named as isaindigotidione (Ⅰ) and (E)-3-(3′, 5′-dimethoxy-4′-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-indolinone Conclusion The two compounds were new

Objective To introduce an effective nursing practice for patients with Grave's ophthalmopathy(GO) undergoing endoscopic trans-ethmoid orbital decompression(ETOD). Methods The treatment and nursing experience of 31 cases (57 eyes) undergoing orbital decompression through endoscopic trans-ethmoid approach were reviewed and analyzed. Results Three months after operation, exophthalmos was corrected in all 31 cases (57 eyes) with satisfying result, and the visual acuity was improved in all 9 cases (16 eyes),who complained of visual loss preoperatively. At the 3-months' review, 2 patients presented diplopia on the primary eye position due to newly on-set global displacement. Conclusions Advanced treatment and careful nursing are very important to improve the surgical safety and decrease the complications.

Objective To investigate the effects of robot-assisted lower limb rehabilitation on the lower limb motor function of hemiplegic patients in the acute stage.Methods Forty-two hemiplegic patients in the acute stage were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group with 21 in each.Both groups were treated with routine rehabilitation interventions,but the treatment group also undertook robot-assisted lower limb rehabilitation training.The training lasted for 10 to 20 min/d,6 d/week for 8 weeks.Lower limb motor function,balance,ability in the activities of daily living and walking ability were assessed with a simplified Fugl-Meyer assessment,the Berg balance scale,the Rivermead motility index (RMI) and functional ambulation categories (FACs).Results Before the intervention there was no significant difference between the two groups in any of the assessments.After training,both groups showed significant improvements in terms of their FMA,BBS,RMI and FAC results.The treatment group showed significantly better improvements in lower limb motor function,balance,ability in daily living and walking ability compared with the control group.Conclusions Robot-assisted lower limb rehabilitation can significantly improve the lower limb motor function of hemiplegic patients in the acute stage.

Objective To explore the value of an advanced reciprocating gait orthosis (ARGO) combined with comprehensive rehabilitation treatment in rehabliltating complete spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Methods Twelve patients with complete SCI at the T4~L2 level were fitted with an ARGO. Before and after fitting the ARGO,comprehensive rehabilitative excecises were conducted. After training, ambulation was evaluated, and competence in the activities of daily living was evaluated using the Barthel index and Functional Independence Measure. Results The patients' ambulation improved markedly after fitting the ARGO and training. Barthel index and FIM scres improved significantly. All 12 patients achieved therapeutic or functional ambulation. Conclusion With the aid of an ARGO, patients suffering from complete SCI below the T4 level can achieve functional walking and improve their quality of life.