The usually stable body temperature of homeothermic animals can be affected by innumerable biolagical and physical agents. Neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, synthetic drugs will cause an elevation or depression in body temperature depending on the dose, species and route of administration. The effects of clonidine (0.15 mg/kg), hydralazine (1 mg/kg), nifedipine (1 mg/kg) and verapamil (5 mg/kg) on rectal temperature in Sprague-Dawley rats were assessed 15, 30 and 45 min. After intraperitoneal injection of drugs. The results were as follows; 1) Rectal temperature of rats was significantly increased in clonidine group compared with hydralazine group. However, there were no significant changes in other groups. 2) In hydralazine group, there was highly significant decrease in rectal temperature of rats compared with control, clonidine and nifedipine group. 3) Rectal temperature of rats was significantly increase in nifedipine group compared with hydralazine group. However, there were no significant differences in changes of rectal temperature between nifedipine and other groups. 4) Rectal temperature of rats no significantly changes in verapamil group compared with other groups.
Animals ; Antihypertensive Agents* ; Body Temperature* ; Clonidine ; Depression ; Hydralazine ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Nifedipine ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Verapamil

PURPOSE: Neonatal immune hemolytic jaundice due to blood group incompatibility is important to treat properly because of an early rise and a high peak of serum bilirubin level and a risk of kernicterus. The conventional therapeutic modalities for neonatal immune hemolytic jaundice due to blood group incompatibility are phototherapy and exchange transfusion. We evaluated the effect of intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) therapy on hyperbilirubinemia due to ABO incompatibility. METHODS: This study included 6 infants with hyperbilirubinemia due to ABO incompatibility who were admitted to the nursery of Eulji Medical Center, Nowon Hospital, from January 2000 to February 2001. All 6 infants had a positive direct Coombs test. Their serum bilirubin levels were above 12 mg/dl within 24hours of age and above 20 mg/dl after 24hours of age. They were treated with intensive phototherapy and IVIG. RESULTS: We classified the effective group when a decline in serum bilirubin level was more than 2 mg/dl in 3-4 hours after IVIG therapy, and the ineffective group when there was a decline in serum bilirubin level less than 2 mg/dl, a re-rise after the initial response to IVIG, or a decline after the combined therapy with intensive phototherapy and IVIG equal or less than that after intensive phototherapy alone. In the effective group (n=2), the average decline in serum bilirebin level was 4.1 mg/dl in 3-4 hours and 8.1 mg/dl in 12-16 hours after IVIG therapy, while in the ineffective group (n=4), the average decline was 1.9 mg/dl and 2.7 mg/dl, respectively. Five among 6 infants were treated with IVIG therapy and 1 infant was treated with exchange transfusion. No serious side effect was detected during and after IVIG therapy. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated the effectiveness of IVIG therapy in 2 infants out of six who were treated with intensive phototherapy and IVIG for hyperbilirubinemia due to ABO incompatibility. IVIG therapy could be considered if hyperbilirubinemia due to ABO incompatibility does not respond to intensive phototherapy alone. Further prospective and randomized studies would be needed.
Bilirubin ; Blood Group Incompatibility ; Coombs Test ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous* ; Infant ; Jaundice* ; Kernicterus ; Nurseries ; Phototherapy

BACKGROUND: Inappropriate sinus tachycardia(IST) manifests chronic nonparoxysmal sinus tachycardia in healthy individuals and is characterized by consistently elevated heart rate and exaggerated responses to minimal physical activity. Heart rate variability(HRV) using 24-hour Holter monitoring represents one of the methods of evaluating the harmony of autonomic nervous system activity. So, authors investigate the autonomic nervous system activity by the HRV in patients with IST. METHODS: We compared the pattern of cardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic activity through the time domain analysis of heart rate variability with 24-hour Holter monitoring between 23 patients with IST and 23 healthy control subjects. None of the patients had organic heart disease as determined by routine laboratory examination and echocardiography. And then, time domain measures(mean NN, SDNN, SDANN, SD, rMSSD, pNN50) were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age of patients and control were 38+/-10 and 37 9 years, respectively(p=S). The mean clinical heart rate of patients and control was 104 5/min and 72+/-5/min, respectively(p<0.05). Among the time domain indices, mean of all normal RR intervals(mean NN), standard deviation of all normal RR intervals(SDNN), standard deviation of mean RR interval(SDANN), mean of standard deviations of all normal RR intervals(SD), root mean square successive differences between adjacent normal RR intervals(rMSSD), and percent of difference between adjacent normal RR intervals(pNN50) in the patient group were significantly shorter compared to control group(p<0.01). CONCLUSION: In IST, cardiac vagal influence on the heart rate is blunted.
Autonomic Nervous System ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Motor Activity ; Tachycardia, Sinus

No abstract available.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Frostbite* ; Renal Dialysis ; Rhabdomyolysis*