No abstract available.
Ascites* ; Fibrosis* ; Humans ; Paracentesis*

No abstract available.
Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

Primary hyperparathyroidism is a rare endocrine disease in children. It involves bone and joint, urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular system. The main cause of these involvement is high level of PTH in serum, resulting in hypercalcemia.An 11 years old male patient who had complained of limping gait since last 18 months, showed typical laboratory and radiological findings of primary hyperparathyroidism. At the ultrasonography, computed tomography and radionuclide scanning, a well defined mass(10 X 15mm) was found on the posterior aspect of the right thyroid lobe. The mass was confirmed histologically as adenoma of parathyroid gland. The patient was successfully treated with subtotal parathyroidectomy and temporal administration of calcium and vitamin D.We report this case of primary hyperparathyroidism with brief review of the literatures.
Adenoma ; Calcium ; Cardiovascular System ; Child ; Endocrine System Diseases ; Gait ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Hyperparathyroidism, Primary ; Joints ; Male ; Parathyroid Glands ; Parathyroidectomy ; Thyroid Gland ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Tract ; Vitamins

No abstract available.
Humans ; Students, Medical*

No abstract available.
Hypnotics and Sedatives*

The fracture of acrylic resin dentures remains an unsolved problem. Therefore, many investigations have been performed and various approaches to strengthening acrylic resin, for example, the reinforcement of heat-cured PMMA resin using glass fibers, have been suggested over the years. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of short glass fibers treated with silane coupling agent on the transverse strength of heat-polymerized PMMA denture base resin. To avoid fiber bunching and achieve even fiber distribution, glass fiber bundles were mixed with PMMA powder in conventional mixer whose blade was modified to be blunt. Composite of glass fiber (11micrometer diameter, 3mm & 6mm length, silane treated) and PMMA resin was made. Transverse strength and Young's modulus were estimated. Glass fibers were incorporated with 1%, 3%, 6% and 9% by weight. Plasticity and workability of dough was evaluated. Fracture surface of specimens was investigated by SEM. The results of this study were as follows 1. 6% and 9% incorporation of 3mm glass fibers in the PMMA resin enhanced the transverse strength of the test specimens (p<0.05). 2. 6% incorporation of 6mm glass fibers in the PMMA resin increased transverse strength, but 9% incorporation of it decreased transverse strength (p<0.05). 3. When more than 3% of 3mm glass fibers and more than 6% of 6mm glass fibers were incorporated. Young's modulus increased significantly (p<0.05). 4. Workability decreased gradually as the percentage of the fibers increased. 5. Workability decreased gradually as the length of the fibers increased. 6. In SEM and LM, there was no bunching of fibers and no shortening of fibers.
Denture Bases ; Dentures ; Elastic Modulus ; Glass* ; Plastics ; Polymethyl Methacrylate*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Carbon* ; Knee*

The fracture of the upper end of the femur is unique in orthopedics because it is endemic to an elderly population with special problem. In trochanteric fractures open reduction and internal fixation, with a hip nail used to maintain reduction, have become the standard treatment protocol for the elderly. Unlike fractures of the femoral neck, nonunion and avascular necrosis is rare but more frequently complicated by fatal sequele, such as pneumonia, thromboembolic disease, and decubitus ulceration. In order to achieve early ambulation of a patient with a trochanteric hip fracture, two conditions must be met: The implant used for fixation must be strong enough to withstand loadings exerted upon it during fracture healing, and the fracture itself must be rendered stable in a suitably reduced position. The treatment of the fracture of the femoral neck has a long and frustrating history. As recently as 20 years ago McCarroll remarked that this fracture must be considered “unsolved” until the incidence of aseptic necrosis and nonunion could be diminished or abolished. But now with adequate reduction, impaction, accurate internal fixation with newer devices, and carefully supervised postoperative care the fracture of the femoral neck can be expected to heal at least 90 per cent of the patients. A lower incidence of recognizable aseptic necrosis has been reported under these circumstances. X-ray films of 94 cases of hip nailing for hip fractures were collected in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Seoul National University Hospital. Twenty seven cases considered to be failed in hip nailing were analysed radiologically, and following results were obtained. 1. The incidence of failed hip nailing was most frequent in the fifties with average age of 54. 6 years, which seemed somewhat younger than that of the hip fracture. There was no sexual difference. 2. Hip nailings were failed in 23 cases of the femoral neck fractures and in 4 cases of the trochanteric fractures, which revealed respectively 52.3% and 8.2% of failure. Among these the technical failure was 22.7% in femoral neck fractures and 6.1% in trochanteric fractures. 3. Among the various fixation devices, Smith-Petersen nail or hip screws which has no side plate to fix the shaft rigidly showed high failure rates. 4. In all cases the etiology of the failed hip nailing was functional, such as failure of reduction, failure of fixation, penetration of the head, avaseular necrosis, infection, and inadequate postoperative management. 5. Most cases of femoral neck fractures which was not achieved near anatomical reduction was failed in fixation. 6. Too long or short nails showed high failure rates. In view point of this, hip nail should fix the lateral cortex, calcar femorale and center of subchondral bone, even in the trochanteric fracture. So devices such as heavy compression sliding nail or multiple pinning were more desirable to achieve complete fixation. 7. When, in the fresh fractures of the femur neck cannot be reduced to an anatomical or slightly overcorrected position, endoprosthesis should be considered seriously. When the joint is abnormal, the total hip arthroplasty can reduce morbidity and mortality, and also shorten the hospitalization.
Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Clinical Protocols ; Early Ambulation ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Fracture Healing ; Head ; Hip Fractures ; Hip ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Joints ; Mortality ; Necrosis ; Orthopedics ; Pneumonia ; Postoperative Care ; Pressure Ulcer ; Seoul ; X-Ray Film

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Lamivudine, an oral nucleoside analogue, effectively inhibits hepatitis B virus replication and reduces hepatic necroinflammation in patients with chronic hepatitis B. This study investigated the effect and safety of 12 week lamivudine therapy in Korean patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). METHODS: In an open clinical trial, 113 patients with CHB were enrolled. They received 100 mg of lamivudine orally once daily for 12 weeks, and they were followed until 2 weeks after cessation of lamivudine. HBV DNA (by bDNA assay), liver enzymes, creatine phosphokinase, creatinine and CBC were checked at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 14 weeks. Compliance and side effects were evaluated at the same time. RESULTS: After receiving lamivudine 100 mg, serum HBV DNA levels fell rapidly, remaining in 94.3% below baseline values at 2 weeks and 99.8% below baseline values at 12 weeks. Serum HBV DNA was cleared in 75.2% and alanine aminotransferase level (ALT) was normalized in 64.8% at 12 weeks. Cumulative percentage of HBeAg clearance (defined by clearance of serum HBV DNA and HBeAg) was 14.4%. Clearance of HBV DNA was more frequent in patients with lower pretreatment serum HBV DNA and higher ALT. During the treatment periods, adverse effects were negligible and transient. Two weeks after cessation of lamivudine, serum HBV DNA reappeared in 70.6% of responders. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that lamivudine is effective and safe in the treatment of CHB in Korean patients, but further study for adequate duration of treatment is needed because of high recurrence after 12 weeks therapy.
Alanine Transaminase ; Compliance ; Creatine Kinase ; Creatinine ; DNA ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B, Chronic* ; Hepatitis, Chronic* ; Humans ; Lamivudine* ; Liver ; Recurrence