No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Escherichia coli* ; Escherichia*

No abstract available.
Escherichia coli* ; Escherichia*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Antlers* ; Lipid Peroxidation* ; Liver*

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome(EDS) is an inherited disorder of the connective tissue disease that is usually transmitted as autosomal dominant trait. The defect in the biogenesis of collagen results in varying degree of skin hyperextensibility, joint hypermobility, skin fragility and bruising. There have been several reports of cardiac or great vessel abnormalities in patients with the EDS. A 45-year-old Woman was admitted to Maryknoll hospital because of orthopnea, palpitation and epigastric discomfort. Physical examination reveals multiple variable sized bruises and increased hyperelasticity on skin, and hypermobile joint in knee and proximal interphalanges of both hands. Mitral valvular prolapse and atrial septal defect were detected by echocardiography. We report a case of EDS accompanied by mitral valvular prolapse and ostium secundum atral septal defect with brief review of literature.
Organelle Biogenesis ; Collagen ; Connective Tissue Diseases ; Contusions ; Echocardiography ; Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome* ; Female ; Hand ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial* ; Humans ; Joint Instability ; Joints ; Knee ; Middle Aged ; Physical Examination ; Prolapse* ; Skin

We report a case of slow recovery of the neuromuscular block induced by succinylcholine (SCC) immediately after administration of neostigmine for the reversal of pancuronium. Left hemithyroidectomy was performed in a 4l kg female patient under general endotracheal inhalation anesthesia with 50%-nitrous oxide and 2.0%-enflurane. Four mg of pancuronium was used for muscular relaxation to facilitate the controlled ventilaion on the anesthesia ventilator. At the end of the operation, one and a half hours from the injection of pancuronium, 10 mg of pyridostigmine was administered to reverse the neuromuscular blockade. Five minutes later, 25 mg of succinylcholine was given for reintubation. Following this event, train-of-four stimuli was applied under the uncalibrated mode with Datex Relaxograph because apnea followed by SCC appeared for more than 30 minutes. Neuromuscular monitoring revealed fade to less than 50% of the T, ratio. The ventilator was applied for the recovery of neuromuscular blockade for one hour. There was no more late complications after transfer to the ward. The literature relating to this iatrogenic complication and phase II block after SCC is reviewed and discussed.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Inhalation ; Apnea ; Female ; Humans ; Neostigmine ; Neuromuscular Blockade* ; Neuromuscular Monitoring ; Pancuronium ; Pyridostigmine Bromide ; Relaxation ; Succinylcholine* ; Ventilators, Mechanical

PURPOSE: To assess the MR findings of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome and to evaluat differential point of cavernous sinus lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eleven cases of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome were evaluated by MRI with specific regard to the shape of cavernous sinus, signal intensity, and pattern of enhancement. Other associated findings were also anlaysed. RESULTS: Two patients had normal MR features of the cavernous sinus. When compared with the contralateral normal cavernous sinus, the involved cavernous sinus was enlarged in six of the nine patients. The outer dural margin was convex and bulged laterally in 6 cases, flat in 2 cases, and concave in 1 case. Of the nine patients, five had iso-signal intensity and four had low signal intensity relative to gray matter on short TR/short TE. Three had isosignal intensity and 6 were not detectale on long TR/short and long TE pulse sequence. Contrast enhancement was seen in 8 cases ;7 cases showed homogeneous enhancement, 1 case heterogeneous enhancement. CONCLUSION: In the appropriate clinical setting of painful ophthalmoplegia, MR findings of cavernous sinus abnormality that consist of iso to low signal intensity on short TR/short TE images and isointense or undetectale mass on long TR/short TE or long TR/Iong TE images may suggest the dignosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.
Cavernous Sinus ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to see the correlation between the auditory cognitive evoked potential and the clinical improvement in schizophrenics. METHOD: The subjects were 23 patients with schizophrenia. Auditory cognitive evoked potential was examined at pretreatment or the acute phase of treatment. The change of symptom was assessed by the PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) before drug treatment and in the 4th week of treatment. RESULTS: The results were as follows: 1) The change of positive subscale was positively correlated with P1 latency(p<.05), N1 latency (p<.05) and negatively correlated with P3 latency(p<.05), P2 amplitude(p<.05). 2) The change of negative subscale was negatively correlated with P3 latency(p<.05). 3) The change of general psychopathology subscale was negatively correlated with P3 latency(<.05). CONCLUSIONS:These results suggest that the auditory cognitive evoked potential in schizophrenic patients could be valuable on prediction of clinical improvement. But, further studies are required to support these results.
Evoked Potentials* ; Humans ; Psychopathology ; Schizophrenia

PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of thrombolysis and to find optimal dose of urokinase and injection time by modified pulse-spray method with multiside-hole catheter in patients of arterriosclerosis obliterans of lower limbs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Over a 2 month period, 5 cases of peripheral arterial occlusion of lower limbs were treated with 0.7--1.3 million unit of urokinase by modified pulse spray method. With antegrade puncture at the site of superficial femoral artery, the tip of modified pig tail catheter was initially placed approximately 2cm proximal to the distal end of the clot. The procedure started with the use of initial bolus dose of UK(100,000U) of lacing, and then small pulses of highly concentrated urokinase, which are forcefully sprayed throughout the thrombus at a rate of 20,000U/min. After the initial rapid period of deposition, the concentration of UK was reduced to 4,000U/min for residual thrombus. RESULTS: Complete clot lysis were achieved in 3 of 5 occlusions. Mean duration for completion of lysis was 140 min(40-180min) and initial recanalization of artery required 45min(20-90min). Total required dose of UK was 1,120,000U and mean dose for initial recanalization was 660,000U. No significant complications occurred except distal vasospasm in one case. CONCLUSION: Modified pulse spray method using ultrahigh and high dose urokinase is safe, reguires less time and has cost effectiveness in the management of peripheral arterial thrombolysis. Further study is warranted.
Arteries ; Catheters ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Femoral Artery ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Punctures ; Thrombosis ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) share common pathogenic mechanisms and many risk factors, and both are linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the association between NAFLD and CKD according to the presence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in Koreans aged 50 years or older. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 1,706 subjects who received their routine health examination was conducted between May 2008 and April 2010 at Konkuk University medical center. Biochemical tests for liver and abdominal ultrasonography were performed. CKD was defined as either proteinuria or glomerular filtration rate < or =60 mL/min per 1.73 m2. RESULTS: Among the 1,706 subjects, There were 545 (31.9%) with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and 424 (24.9%) with chronic kidney disease. In univariate logistic regression analysis, NAFLD was significantly associated with CKD (odds ratio [OR], 1.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34 to 2.12). In multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, current smoking, abdominal obesity, aspartate aminotransferases, alanine aminotransferases, gamma-glutamyltransferase, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, NAFLD was associated with CKD (adjusted OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.27 to 2.24). This relationship remained significant after classification according to the presence of hypertension or diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSION: NAFLD diagnosed by ultrasonography was significantly associated with CKD in Koreans aged 50 years or older.
Academic Medical Centers ; Aged ; Alanine ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cholesterol ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Fatty Liver ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertriglyceridemia ; Lipoproteins ; Liver ; Logistic Models ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Proteinuria ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Transaminases