No abstract available.
Depression* ; Prevalence*

No abstract available.
Tibial Fractures*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Students, Medical*

No abstract available.
Hypnotics and Sedatives*

Replacement of cardiac valves in the pediatric patients is infrequent compared with in adult for the treatment of diseased heart valve. Furthermore, uncertainties regarding the long term fate of prosthetic value and effects of a fixed-orifice walve in the growing children are the main concern in pedriatric patients. Between January 1974 and October 1979, in 10 children, 15years or younger, cardiac valves were replaced becasuse of congenital or acquired valvular heart diseases in the Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. There were 8 mitral valves, one aortic valve and one mitral and aortic valve replaced. Indications for valve replacement were intractable congestive heart failure or apperently progressing cardiac symptoms and signs. Early postoperative death was noticed in one due to arrythmia, and late postoperative death in one due to cerebral thromboembolism after 9 months of double valve replacement. All Survlvors showed clinical improvement and good cardiac condition during postoperative and follow-up period till now.
Child ; Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.

Purpose: The goal of study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic performance of the proximal modular cementless femoral stem for use in revision total hip arthroplasty. Material and method: Fifty seven patients (57 hips) were followed for longer than 24 months or up to 8.4 years after performing revision total hip arthroplasty with using the proximal modular cementless femoral stem between January 1997 and December 2002. The preoperative diagnosis included 45 cases of aseptic loosening, 5 cases of septic loosening (re-revision operation), 6 cases of periprosthetic fracture and 1 case of recurrent dislocation. The bone deficiencies were classified according to the Paprosky classification: there were 27 cases of Type I and II, 19 cases of Type IIIA, 9 cases of Type IIIB and 2 cases of Type IV. Results: The average Harris hip score improved from 47 to 87.6. Clinically satisfactory results were noted in 50 patients (87.7%). Radiographically, distal stable fixation was observed in 54 patients (94.7%). Intraoperative complications included two greater trochanteric fractures and two proximal femur fractures. Postoperative complications included 5 femoral stem subsidences (2hips< 5mm, 3 hips>20mm), 4 deep infections, 2 non-unions of the greater trochanter and the osteotomy site and set screw dissociation was noted in 1 case. 5 proximal component changes were done due to progressive subsidence in two cases, non-union at the osteotomy site and trochanteric displacement in two cases and set screw dissociation in one hip. For the infection cases, the proximal segment was removed and re-revised with a 2nd stage operation. (Ed note: check this.) The subsidence of the femoral stems was showed in 3 Paprosky grade IIIA cases and in 2 cases of grade IIIB or more. There was no postoperative periprosthetic fracture observed at the last follow-up. Conclusion: Revision total hip arthroplasty using the proximal modular cementless femoral stem showed good results in the face of the infection of the proximal component and deficient proximal bony support. This procedure appears to be convenient for the surgeon to correct anteversion of the femoral head and leg length discrepancy.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Dislocations ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Hip ; Hip Fractures ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; Leg ; Osteotomy ; Periprosthetic Fractures ; Postoperative Complications ; Prostheses and Implants*

No abstract available.
Femoral Neck Fractures* ; Femur Neck* ; Femur* ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary*

Environmental studies regarding Paragonimiasis have been done in Sulak-Myun, Kapyung-Goon (I district) and Yongmoon-Myun, Yangpyung-Goon (II district), both of which are considered "active" endemic areas, and in Byukje-Myun, Koyang-Goon (III district) an "arrested" area. 1. Paragonimiasis is still active in the Uhmos River, Sulak-Myun, Kapyung-Goon, where 49% of crayfish contained Paragonimus metacecaria. Snails which are the first intermediate host of Paragonimus westermani were moderately present. In the Oonke River, Yongmoon-Myun, Yangpyung-Goon, crayfish which are the second intermediate host of Paragonimus westermani, were found in every area of the river, but snails were not found in any area of either branch of the river. They were caught in areas which are located below the junction. In the Daeja river, Bykje-Myun, Koyang-Goon, crayfish were found only in the upper stream of the river and snails were not caught in any area of the river. 2. The results described above are attributed to the fact that snails, which have minimal mobility and vitality, were complete1y obliterated by the long, unprecedented drought in 1965. In contrust, crayfish with great mobility and vitality survived. Thus without the snail, the life cycle of Paragonimus western1ani become incomplete, and the clinical disease disappeared. 3. Rainfall is very important in maintaining water flow in the river, a necessary factor for the life cycle of Paragonimus westermani. Therefore we have charted tile amount of rainfall in the Seoul and Choonchun areas in 1965, compared with the average of the past 30 years, in order to ascertain the degree of drought which influnced the Paragonimus westermani hosts and cohabitants. 4. Geographic conditions which are also very important in maintaining water flow in small rivers was investigated. The conclusion was drawn, that a long river has an advantage over a short during drought; a tortuous river provides a better opportunity for miracidia of Paragonimus westermani eggs to migrate to snails, and for Pargonimus cercaria to invade crayfish than a straight rapidly flowing river. 5. We must conclude that man may ingest Paragonimus metacercaria by drinking water from shallow wells and streams in areas endemic to paragonimiasis, when we note that one crayfish of four caught in shallow wells in Kapyung-Goon contained many Paragonimus metacercaria. 6. Other factors are the increase in traffic due to the expanding population in Korean farm areas, and the increase in the use of farm chemicals, which seep into the rivers and reduce the number of snails, crayfish and crabs available as potential hosts. 7. In recent years, the wild fauna in the mountains, one of the important terminal hosts of Paragonimus westermani, have been markedly reduced in number. This may have contributed to decreasing paragonimiasis as directly infective to man. 8. Health education on paragonimiasis, informing the people of the dangers of eating raw or inadequately cooked crayfish and crabs, or those soaked less than 10 days in soysauce, and drinking the water from shallow wells and streams, is demonstrated to have decreased the incidence of this disease. 9. Because of the preceding facts, paragonimiasis in Kyunggi-Prvince is being decreased.
Animals ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Crustacea ; *Disease Reservoirs ; *Disease Vectors ; Ecology ; Human ; Korea ; Paragonimiasis/*epidemiology ; Paragonimus/isolation & purification ; Snails

No abstract available.
Lower Extremity*