No abstract available.
Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung*

The effects of epidural bupivacaine with and without epinephrine and morphine on mat-ernal blood pressure, newborn Apgar scores, and duration of analgesia were compared in 40 parturients during Cesarean section and post operative periods. Patients in group 1(n= 16) received 0.5% bupivacaine 27cc and group 2(n=10) recelved bupivacaine with epinephrine, group 3 (n= 10) received bupivacaine with morphine 3mg, and those in group 4(n= 10) received bupivacaine with epinephrine and morphine 3mg. Maternal hypotension occured less frequently in group 2 than in group 1 (p<0.001). Apgar scores were equally good (more than 8) all four groups. Duration of analgesia was longer in group 2(199.50+/-70.73min) than in group 1(133.50+/-50. 11min) but significantly longer in group 3(471.50+/-174.90) and in group 4(684.00+/-276. 92min) . It is concluded that adding epinephrine and morphine to bupivacaine during epidural anesthesia in the normal parturient has no adverse effects on either mother or neonate; and that it significantly prolongs the duration of analgesia and decreases the incidence of maternal hypotension.
Analgesia ; Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Blood Pressure ; Bupivacaine* ; Cesarean Section ; Epinephrine* ; Female ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Morphine* ; Mothers ; Obstetrics* ; Pregnancy

Acute pulmonary edema associated with intense laryngospasm during or after anesthesia seems to be a rare complication. Although emergency reestablishment of the airway may avert fatal hypoxia, subsequent morbidity may follow from the delayed effects of the obstruction. We recently observed a 16-year-old, 5kg boy, with inguinal hernia who developed laryngospasm and pulmonary edema following a herniorrhaphy and he had no evidence of cardiac enlargement or cardiovascular disease.
Adolescent ; Anesthesia ; Anoxia ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Emergencies ; Hernia, Inguinal ; Herniorrhaphy ; Humans ; Laryngismus* ; Male ; Pulmonary Edema*

Thoracic duct cysts are uncommon lesions that most commonly occur in the abdominal and thoracic portion of the thoracic duct: the cervical portion is the rarest location. The main causes of thoracic duct cyst are surgical injuries such as neck dissection and blunt trauma. We report here on a rare case of spontaneous cervical thoracic duct cyst that was noted on ultrasonography and CT. The thoracic duct cyst was confirmed by fine needle aspiration and it was treated by sclerotherapy.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Intraoperative Complications ; Mediastinum ; Neck Dissection ; Sclerotherapy ; Thoracic Duct* ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: Orthognathic surgery is required in 25% to 35% of patients with a cleft lip and palate, for whom functional recovery and aesthetic improvement after surgery are important. The aim of this study was to examine maxillary and mandibular changes, along with concomitant soft tissue changes, in cleft patients who underwent LeFort I osteotomy and sagittal split ramus osteotomy (two-jaw surgery). METHODS: Twenty-eight cleft patients who underwent two-jaw surgery between August 2008 and November 2013 were included. Cephalometric analysis was conducted before and after surgery. Preoperative and postoperative measurements of the bone and soft tissue were compared. RESULTS: The mean horizontal advancement of the maxilla (point A) was 6.12 mm, while that of the mandible (point B) was -5.19 mm. The mean point A-nasion-point B angle was -4.1degrees before surgery, and increased to 2.5degrees after surgery. The mean nasolabial angle was 72.7degrees before surgery, and increased to 88.7degrees after surgery. The mean minimal distance between Rickett's E-line and the upper lip was 6.52 mm before surgery and 1.81 mm after surgery. The ratio of soft tissue change to bone change was 0.55 between point A and point A' and 0.93 between point B and point B'. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with cleft lip and palate who underwent two-jaw surgery showed optimal soft tissue changes. The position of the soft tissue (point A') was shifted by a distance equal to 55% of the change in the maxillary bone. Therefore, bone surgery without soft tissue correction can achieve good aesthetic results.
Cleft Lip ; Humans ; Lip ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Osteotomy ; Osteotomy, Le Fort ; Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus ; Palate

OBJECTIVE: This research is a basic investigation of collecting experts' opinions for constructing the national cancer expert network. The objective of this research is to evaluate present situation and to use it for the planning of future korean cancer network in the cancer-related area. METHODS: We analyzed the need of the network and degree of information demand for constructing the network from Clinicians and Basic researchers(n=376) who answered themselves 'cancer expert'. The questionnaire consists of 9 questions and it was analyzed by using frequence, t-test and Chi-square. RESULTS: 53.7 percents of respondents answered they are already recognized cancer expert network and 93.5 percents of respondents answered that they need the network. Among the services that would be served by the network, the demand of cancer statistics, development and evaluation of cancer policy, and cancer clinical trials were listed in the high priorities. And recognized societies included in the high priorities were Korean Cancer Study Group, Korean Cancer Association, Korean Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. CONCLUSION: We are going to develop a database and network for the experts to generate, evaluate and verify cancer-related information based on evidence-based cancer information infrastructure. Hence, this research will be contributed to provide fundamental data for activating cancer-related research through joint studies with experts.
Surveys and Questionnaires ; Joints ; Lung Neoplasms

PURPOSE: Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is an enzyme widly used in the diagnosis of acute liver disease. It is also highly sensitive in cases of myocardial infarction and muscular injury. This study is designed to ascertain the utility of AST for diagnosis in emergency room. METHODS: From July 2001 to September 2002, 98 patients with AST greater than ten times (400 U/L) the normal range were identified by the biochemistry laboratory in the Emergency Medical Center of Chonnam National University Hospital. The patients 'clinical records were studied to determine the diagnosis, the clinical course, the physical finding on arrival, the past history, other serological and imaging studies, etc. RESULTS: The most common cause of elevated AST level was hepatic in origin (74 cases, 75.5%). Other causes were soft tissue injury (13 cases, 13.3%) and myocardial infarction (11 cases, 11.2%). In group with hepatic causes for raised AST, 21 (28.3%) patients had pancreaticobiliary desease, 20 (27.0%) patients were in conditions producing hepatic ischemia, 18 (24.3%) patients had hepatocellular desease, 6 (8.1%) patients had traumatic liver injury, and 4 (5.4%) patients had malignancy. The hepatic ischemia was caused by sepsis (6 cases, 30.0%), heart failure (6 cases, 30.0%), hypoxia (5 cases, 25.0%), and prolonged hypotension (3 cases, 15.0%). CONCLUSION: The main cause of a notably increased serum AST level is known to be hepatocellular disease, but this study for emergency patients revealed that other causes, such as hepatic ischemia, traumatic liver injury, and muscular disease, were also remarkable. When the level of serum AST is abnormally high, the clinician must consider not only hepatocellular disease but also prolonged hypotension, circulatory collapse, hypoxia, traumatic liver injury, etc.
Anoxia ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Biochemistry ; Diagnosis ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Ischemia ; Jeollanam-do ; Liver ; Liver Diseases ; Muscular Diseases ; Myocardial Infarction ; Reference Values ; Sepsis ; Shock ; Soft Tissue Injuries

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of coronary disease in Korea, with the consequent morbidity and mortality, has rapidly risen during the last two decades. This study aimed to describe the changing pattern in the demographic composition during the 1990s of patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Korean metropolitan cities. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Data from the medical record of patients with AMI, admitted to five University Hospitals in Busan and Daegu between January 1990 and December 1999, were sorted according to their age (<30, 3044, 4559, 6074, >75 years) and gender. RESULTS: During the last decade, the number of cases of AMI increased from 283 in 1990, to 988 by 1999 (ratio of AMI/medical patients admitted; 1.68% in 1990 to 2.52% in 1999). The most prevalent age group was 6074 yrs (46.1%), followed by 4559 yrs (34.2%). Generally, the male cases were twice as prevalent as female (68.2% : 31.8%), but the gender ratio was reversed in the highest age group (>75 yrs) (44.6% : 55.4%). During the period in question, the gender ratio and age distribution remained reasonably constant throughout. The proportion of younger AMI patients (<45 yrs) did not increase. CONCLUSION: Admissions due to AMI increased substantially during the 1990s. Almost half the cases were from the 6074 yrs age group, and two third were male. There were little changes in the compositions of age and gender of the AMI cases during this period.
Age Distribution ; Busan ; Coronary Disease ; Daegu ; Female ; Hospitals, University* ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Prevalence