New born rat heart cells were dissociated using trypsin and/or collagenase to elucidate the dissociation efficiency of these two enzymes. And the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide during and immediately after cell dissociation was also investigated to clarify the so-called protective activity of dimethyl sulfoxide on cell performance. The results can be summarized as follows. 1. Cold trypsin 18 hours pretreatment followed by warm collagenase treatment resulted best cell viability and cell yield. 2. Single warm trypsin treatment gave the poorest result. 3. Dimethyl sulfoxide did not seem to play any protective role during or immediately after rat heart cell dissociation. It had very damaging effect on rat heart cells.
Animals ; Cell Survival ; Collagenases* ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide* ; Heart* ; Rats* ; Trypsin*

In infections of the urinary tract resulting from bacterial invasions, pus cells are most commonly present in those urine, and bacteria and pus casts may also exist. Campbell considers that there are five pus cells per high power field are within normal limits in the uncentrifuged catheterized urine. On the other hand Helmholz says two to eight pus cells may exist in a normal specimen. It is of no moment if the leukocytes are single or clumped: The important thing is to demonstrate the polymorphic or pawnbroker's nucleus in the pus cells, and desquamated epithelial cells or other urinary debris should not be considered as pus cells. Alto most accurate counting of those should be made with a counting chamber in high power field. It is called bacteria urine if any kind of bacteria exists in the urine with or without leukocytes, and both bacteria urine and pyuria are most significant clinical signs for the diagnosis of urinary infection. According to Lancet (1964) when 100, 000 or more organisms are presentper milliliter of urine, true infection. are actually present and therefore one might assume if there were less than 100,000 organisms per milliliter that thereare no infections, but no one has yet defined what is the normal upper level of white cells in the urine of Korean people. The purpose of this paper is to study what is the normal upper level of white cells and bacteria in the urine of Koreanpeople. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty patients with urinary tract symptoms were assessed. Forty of the subjects were women. A selected control group of twenty adults was composed of twelve female and eight male, none of whom bad ever had urinary infection. Urine specimens were obtained by midstream collection comparing with catheterization. White cell count of the urine was estimated by Thomas white cell counting chamber, while those specimens were not centrifuged, and bacteria count was performed by a standard drop plate method. Steroid provocation test wee based on the procedure described by Pears and Houghton, and 50 mg of prednisolone was given by mouth. RESULTS: 1. In the collection of urine specimens, the midstream collection was more convenient and harmless compared with the results of catheterization. 2. When there were less than five cells per c.mm. there was no evidence of urinary tract infection on those specimens. When there were more than 10 cells per c. mm. there were true infections in those subjects. 3. When there were more than 100, 000 organisms per milliliter there were true infections in those subjects. There were less than 100, 000 organisms per milliliter even in the control group. 4. In steroid provocation test, there were carried out in 20 controls and in 60 patients, the positive test was a rise in white cell count or bacteria count together of at least 100 percent in those 60 patients, but no response in those 20 control group.
Adult ; Bacteria* ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Cell Count ; Diagnosis ; Epithelial Cells ; Female ; Hand ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; Male ; Mouth ; Prednisolone ; Pyrus ; Pyuria ; Suppuration ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.
Extracellular Matrix* ; Glucose* ; Mesangial Cells*

To investigate recovery, growth, and activity of hepatocyte in primary culture after cell separation, the authors followed up the marker enzyme activities of golgi complex, mitochondria and biologic membrane. Thiamine pyrophosphatase, the marker enzyme of golgi complex, activity approached the level of long term culture at 4th day. Succinate dehydrogenase, the marker enzyme of mitochondria, activity decreased with time, then it maintained constant level after 4th day. Alkaline phosphatase, the marker enzyme of biological membrane, activity increased from 3rd day, and after 5th day it showed strong reaction. These data suggested that hepatocytes were stabilized and recovered normal activity 4 day after cell separation. But the main secretory function was speculated to be reduced in culture.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Animals ; Cell Separation ; Golgi Apparatus ; Hepatocytes* ; Membranes ; Mitochondria ; Organelles* ; Rats* ; Succinate Dehydrogenase ; Thiamine Pyrophosphatase

To investigate the changing patterns of microfilament and microtubule arrangement and influence of myocardial cells and colchicines to microfilament and microtubule formation in cardiac endothelial cells the authors carried out indirect immunofluorescence stain for actin and tubulin with supernatant monoclonal antibodies. Secondary antibodies were IgG FITC conjugate. The results were summarized as follows. Fiberform reactions were stronger in the cells with many processes and spread cytoplasm and they became weaker after the endothelial cells formed monolayer. In the endothelial cells cocultured with myocardial cells the fiberform of the microtubule became less visible compared to control group but fiberform of the microtubule maintained strong intensity as endothelial cells formed monolayer. In the group treated with colchicines, there were no visible differences in microfilaments compared to control group but fiberform of microtubule revealed weaker intensity after colchicines treatment. The intensity of microtubule fiberform returned to control level after 2 days.
Actin Cytoskeleton ; Actins ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Monoclonal* ; Cytoplasm ; Endothelial Cells* ; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Immunoglobulin G ; Microtubules ; Tubulin

The fracture of acrylic resin dentures remains an unsolved problem. Therefore, many investigations have been performed and various approaches to strengthening acrylic resin, for example, the reinforcement of heat-cured PMMA resin using glass fibers, have been suggested over the years. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of short glass fibers treated with silane coupling agent on the transverse strength of heat-polymerized PMMA denture base resin. To avoid fiber bunching and achieve even fiber distribution, glass fiber bundles were mixed with PMMA powder in conventional mixer whose blade was modified to be blunt. Composite of glass fiber (11micrometer diameter, 3mm & 6mm length, silane treated) and PMMA resin was made. Transverse strength and Young's modulus were estimated. Glass fibers were incorporated with 1%, 3%, 6% and 9% by weight. Plasticity and workability of dough was evaluated. Fracture surface of specimens was investigated by SEM. The results of this study were as follows 1. 6% and 9% incorporation of 3mm glass fibers in the PMMA resin enhanced the transverse strength of the test specimens (p<0.05). 2. 6% incorporation of 6mm glass fibers in the PMMA resin increased transverse strength, but 9% incorporation of it decreased transverse strength (p<0.05). 3. When more than 3% of 3mm glass fibers and more than 6% of 6mm glass fibers were incorporated. Young's modulus increased significantly (p<0.05). 4. Workability decreased gradually as the percentage of the fibers increased. 5. Workability decreased gradually as the length of the fibers increased. 6. In SEM and LM, there was no bunching of fibers and no shortening of fibers.
Denture Bases ; Dentures ; Elastic Modulus ; Glass* ; Plastics ; Polymethyl Methacrylate*

Replacement of cardiac valves in the pediatric patients is infrequent compared with in adult for the treatment of diseased heart valve. Furthermore, uncertainties regarding the long term fate of prosthetic value and effects of a fixed-orifice walve in the growing children are the main concern in pedriatric patients. Between January 1974 and October 1979, in 10 children, 15years or younger, cardiac valves were replaced becasuse of congenital or acquired valvular heart diseases in the Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital. There were 8 mitral valves, one aortic valve and one mitral and aortic valve replaced. Indications for valve replacement were intractable congestive heart failure or apperently progressing cardiac symptoms and signs. Early postoperative death was noticed in one due to arrythmia, and late postoperative death in one due to cerebral thromboembolism after 9 months of double valve replacement. All Survlvors showed clinical improvement and good cardiac condition during postoperative and follow-up period till now.
Child ; Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Denture, Complete* ; Finite Element Analysis* ; Tooth, Artificial*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The residual monomer of denture base materials causes hypersensitivity on oral mucosa and intereferes with the mechanical properties of the cured resin. The amount of residual monomer is influenced by materials, curing cycle, processing method, and etc. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the residual methyl methacrylate(MMA) content of injection molded denture base polymer, and to compare this with the self-cured resin and the conventional compression molded heat-cured resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Disc shaped test specimens (50mm in diameter and 3mm thick) were prepared in a conventional flasking technique with gypsum molding. One autopolymerized denture base resins (Vertex SC. Dentimex. Netherlands) and two heat-cured denture base resins (Vertex RS. Dentimex. Netherlands, Ivocap. Ivoclar Vivadent, USA) were used. The three types of specimens were processed according to the manufacturer's instruction. After polymerization, all specimens were stored in the dark at room emperature for 7 days. There were 10 specimens in each of the test groups. 3-mm twist drills were used to obtain the resin samples and 650mg of the drilled sample were collected for each estimation. Gas chromatography (Agillent 6890 Plus Gas Chromatograph, Agillent Co, USA) was used to determine the residual MMA content of 10 test specimens of each three types of polymer. RESULTS: The residual monomer content of injection molded denture base resins was 1.057+/- 0.141%. The residual monomer content of injection molded denture base resins was higher than that of compression molded heat cured resin (0.867+/-0.169%). However, there was no statistical significant difference between two groups (p > 0.01). The level of residual monomer in self cured resin(3.675+/-0.791) was higher than those of injection molded and compression molded heat cured resins (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: With respect to ISO specification pass/fail test (2.2% mass fraction) of residual monomer, injection molding technique(1.057+/-0.141%) is a clinicaly useful and safe technique in terms of residual monomer.
Calcium Sulfate ; Chromatography, Gas ; Denture Bases* ; Dentures* ; Fungi* ; Hot Temperature ; Hypersensitivity ; Mouth Mucosa ; Netherlands ; Polymerization ; Polymers

The clinical spectruni of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita(EBA) is much broader than originally thought. Although the full extent of the clinical presenation is still being defined, it is now known that EBA include the followings: a non-inflammatory mechanobullous condition equating wit,h classical EBA; an inflammatory vesiculosullous eruption mimicking bullous pernphigoid; and a mucosal-centered disease with sarring similar to cicatricial pemphigoid. Among the nine cases of EBA, aged between 34 to 70 year-old, seen in recent years, three patients had mechanobullous lesions with skin fragilities and scarrings; three patients had inflammatory bullous eruptions, and three other patient had combined features of mechanobullous/inflammatory bullous lesions. Mucous membrane lesions were recognized in sex cases, and the rnos! frequent site of involvement was the oral mucosae. According to observations of these patients episodes of inflammatory bullous eruptions appeared to be present in seven cases and have been considered as early sympoms of the disease. It has been noted, however, that in two cases lesions develop d as an non-inflammatory mechanobullous from thonset. Based on the ability of EBA to mimick bullous pemphigoid or cicatricial pernphogoid and the fact that such cases have perhaps been missed, we feel EBA is more common than past literature has suggested.
Aged ; Blister ; Cicatrix ; Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita* ; Epidermolysis Bullosa* ; Humans ; Mouth Mucosa ; Mucous Membrane ; Pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane ; Pemphigoid, Bullous ; Skin