No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.
Salivary Glands*

After developement of antimicrobial chemotherapy, morbidity and mortality from pyogenic arthritis has been reduced dramatically, but still this disease has remained as a serious and lifethreatening infectious disease of childhood or late sequelae in surviving patients. For the period of 7 years from January 1973 to December 1979, fifty nine children who were treated as septic arthritis at Severance Hospital were studied retrospectively and the results are summerized as follows. 1. Among the 59 cases, 32 cases (54.25%) were male and 27 cases (45.8%) were female. The most prevalent age was 4 to 10 years (40%). 2. Lag period to treatment in most cases was 5 days, and the most prevalent signs on admission was pain around the involved joint. 3. The most commonly affected joint was the hip joint (42.4%). The other affected sites in order of frequency were the knee, ankle and shoulder joint. 4. The underlying causes were composed of infectious focus in 18 cases, minor trauma in 6 cases, iatrogenic reason in 4 cases and unknown in 31 cases. 5. In laboratory findings, the numbers of W.B.C. and E.S.R. were increased in 66.1%, and roentgenologic studies revealed normal in 67.7%, soft tissue swelling in 21% and joint space widening in 9.7%. 6. Causative micro-organism was isolated in 41 cases: Staphylococcus aureus in 34 cases. B-hemolytic streptococcus in 3, Pseudomonas aeroginosa in 2, Enterobacter species in 2. 7. Staphylococcus aureus was highly sensitive to Cephalothin (88.2%) and Methycillin (85.3%), but was highly resistant to Penicillin (88.2%). 8, Four cases were treated non-surgically and 55 cases surgically with arthrotomy-drainage and arthrotomy-continuous irrigation. The results were satisfactory in 83% and unsatisfactory in 17%. 9. The complications were found in 14 cases: recurrence in 4, joint stiffness in 3, dislocation in 2 and sepsis in 1 case. In conclusion, a better result was obtained in cases with early diagnosis and surgical treatment with proper antibiotics.
Ankle ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Arthritis ; Arthritis, Infectious ; Cephalothin ; Child ; Clinical Study ; Communicable Diseases ; Dislocations ; Drug Therapy ; Early Diagnosis ; Enterobacter ; Female ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Male ; Mortality ; Penicillins ; Pseudomonas ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; Shoulder Joint ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptococcus

Changes of blood pressure, heart rate, ECG, respiration rate and pupil size by intracerebroventricular(ICV) infusion of hypertonic NaCl with 0.04 ml/min for 5 min(total 0.2ml) were observed in urethane-anesthetized rabbits. ICV infusion of 0.75M NaCl produced slight pressor effect (11mmHg) and did not affect other parameters. ICV infusion of 1.5M NaCl began to increase blood pressure from 2~3 min after the infusion and produced maximal increase(24mmHg) at 5~10 min. Then the pressor effect was recovered to the original level at 30~60 min. Change of heart rate by the infusion was not clear, but ST-segment of ECG was markedly depressed. Respiration rate increased about 1.5 times than the control in accordance with the pressor effect and the state was continued even after the recover of the pressor effect. Both pupils dilated markedly and light-reflex was lost. Changes of parameters by ICV infusion of 3.0M NaCl were similar to those by 1.5M NaCl and some rabbits caused severe arrhythmias and died. The purpose of present study is to investigate the mechansim(s) of the pressor effect induced by the ICV infusion of 1.5M NaCl. The pressor effect of 1.5M NaCl was attenuated by the continuous infusion of vasopressin antagonist(20microm/kg/min) but not affected by intravenous treatment with 2mg/kg phentolamine, 2mg/kg propranolol and 1mg/kg chlorisondamine. The pressor effect was not altered with ICV 0.12mg/kg phenoxybenzamine, 0.4mg diltiazem, 0.1mg/kg mecamylamine and 0.2mg/kg atropine. After ICV infusion of 25microg/kg/min of diazepam, however, the pressor effect was completely abolished and restored 3~4 hours after stopping diazepam infusion. The pressor effect was rather potentiated than inhibited in bilateral adrenalectomized or nephrectomized rabbits. Infusion of 2microg/kg/min of saralasin for 10 min in the bliateral adrenalectomized rabbit did not affect the pressor effect at all. These results suggest that hypertensive effect induced by ICV infusion of hypertonic NaCl is mediated by the increase of vasopressin secretion.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Atropine ; Blood Pressure ; Chlorisondamine ; Diazepam ; Diltiazem ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Rate ; Infusions, Intraventricular* ; Mecamylamine ; Phenoxybenzamine ; Phentolamine ; Propranolol ; Pupil ; Rabbits* ; Respiratory Rate ; Saralasin ; Vasopressins

No abstract available.
Phospholipases* ; Protein Kinase C* ; Protein Kinases* ; Psychotropic Drugs* ; Type C Phospholipases*

No abstract available.
Breast Feeding* ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Case-Control Studies* ; Female ; Humans ; Korea*

Horizontal Mattress Suture Technique on Microvascular Anastomosis of rat (body weight: 200-250 gm) femoral artery was evaluated. The present study was conducted to compare the horizontal mattress suture with simple interrupted suture on the suture time, patency rate of the sutured vessels, and the histological changes of surgical site of the vessel wall during wound healing period. The mean suture time of the vessel wall with horizontal mattress suture technique was 15 min 49 sec ± 2.14, which is significantly shorter than that of simple interrupted suture technique. The patency rate of the sutured vessel in both groups was statistically not different each other till post-operative 3rd day but patency rate of horizontal mattress suture was higher than that of simple interrupted suture at post-operative 3rd week. The histological findings such as intimal noss, medial degeneration and intimal regeneration were similar in both groups.
Animals ; Femoral Artery ; Rats ; Regeneration ; Suture Techniques* ; Sutures* ; Wound Healing

The authors present a case of bilateral retinoblastoma occured in a six months old baby. The right eye, the advanced, was enucleated immediately and the left eye was treated with x-ray radiation giving 5,400r (tumor dose) in four weeks. A cataract developed in five years after the radiation therapy, which masked the pictures of the fundus and was extracted intracapsularily using alpha-chymotripsin. After the surgery, repeated funduscopy revealed no definite signs of recurrence.
Cataract ; Masks ; Recurrence ; Retinoblastoma*

The computed tomography (CT) number is closely related to hematocrit level according to many of the previous reports. We measured the CT number in various organs, such as the frontal white matter, basal ganglia, occipital white matter, cerebrospinal fluid, liver, abdominal aorta, spleen, kidney, and psoas muscle. We correlated the CT numbers of the organs with hematocrit levels which were graded into 10% increments (20.0-29.9%, 30.0-39.9%, 40.0-49.9%). Thus the change of CT numbers in various organs according to the hematocrit level was analyzed. The increased CT numbers according to the 10% increment of hematocrit in the frontal white matter, basal ganglia, occipital white matter, liver, abdominal aorta, spleen, and psoas muscle were 1.3, 1.5, 1.6, 3.3, 5.3, 3.8, 2.4 respectively. Even though the CT numbers of the cerebrospinal fluid and kidney were not influenced by hematocrit level the CT numbers in most of the there organs postitively correlated with hematocrit level. Therefore, it was concluded that in the differential diagnosis using CT numbers, the hematocrit level of patient must be taken into consideration.
Aorta, Abdominal ; Basal Ganglia ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hematocrit* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Psoas Muscles ; Spleen ; White Matter