No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Humans

The author studied 294 cased of childhood thyroid disorder at Pediatrics Department in Pusan National University Hospital from Jan. 1984 to Dec. 1991. The patients with grouped according to thyroid function and disease entity, and were evaluated symptoms and signs, laboratory findings and treatment. The results were summarized as follow 1) The childhood thyroid disorder was the most common in the older children, but congenital hypothyroidism was the most frequent in the early infancy. The ratio of male and female was 1:4.6, but in congenital hypothyroidism, it was 1:1.7. 2) In classification of thyroid disorder according to thyroid function, euthyroidism was the most common with 73% of the patients, hypothyroidism was 15% and hyperthyroidism was 12% in order. in hypothyroidism. the majority was Graves' disease and a few cases were Hashimoto's thyroiditis. In Euthyroidism, simple goiter was the most common with 72%, Hashimoto's thyroiditis was 24%,and 3 cases were thyroid cancer. In hypothyroidism. congenital hypothyroidism was 44% and Hashimoto's thyroiditis was the most common cause of congenital hypothyroidism. 3) The clinical manifestation at first visit hypothyroidism included thyroid enlargement which was seen in all cases, cold sweating,palpitation and nervousness. In Euthyroidism, there was no specific complaints except thyroid enlargement. Growth retardation, constipation and mental retardation were visible in congenital hypothyroidism. In acquired hypothyroidism, the patents complained thyroid enlargement, lethargy, anorexia. The causes of congenital hypothyroidism was ectopic thyroid, aplasia or hypoplasia of thyroid and dyshormonogensis with similar frequency. 4) In most cases of hyperthyroidism, propylthiouracil was administerd. The half of the patients were recovered at 4 weeks after treatment, and 92% of them were recoverd at 3 months later after treatment. The side effects were rare. In a few of them surgical method was underwent. In hypothyroidism. L-thyroxine was adminisetered, and the result was excellent.
Anorexia ; Anxiety ; Busan ; Child ; Classification ; Congenital Hypothyroidism ; Constipation ; Female ; Goiter ; Graves Disease ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; Hypothyroidism ; Intellectual Disability ; Lethargy ; Male ; Pediatrics ; Propylthiouracil ; Thyroid Dysgenesis ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Thyroiditis ; Thyroxine

No abstract available.
Escherichia coli O157* ; Escherichia coli* ; Escherichia* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Virulence Factors* ; Virulence*

30 cases of patients with nodule on the thyroid who visited Pediatric Clinic in PUN Hospital from Jan. 1985 till Dec. 1990 were studied and evaluated. All records of the patients were reviewed in regard to the physical examination, thyroid function test, radionuclide scanning, ultrasonogram and pathological findings of the tissues gained by fine needle aspiration or operation. The following results were obtained. 1) Patients with thyroid nodule occupied 7% of all of the goiters who visited the author's clinic during the same period. 2) Male to female ratio was 1:5 predominant in female children. But the ratio was 1:1 in cases of carcinonia. In age distribution, the older, the higher get the incidence. 3) The periods intervening between symptom onset and visiting our clinic were less than 3 months in most of cases. But in one third of the cases, they were neglected for over 1 year. 4) As cardinal symptoms and sings, neck masses were noticed in all of the cases. Easy fatigability, palpitation, sweating and dyspnea were complained of occasionally. 5) In radionuclide scanings, 27 cases had photon defects. All of the carcinoma cases had photon defects. 6) Malignancies were found in 13% of cases. All of malignancies were papillary carcinoma. 7) By palpation, 26 cascs were classified as single nodule, and 4 cases were classified as multiple nodules. But 4 cases among those classified as single nodule revealed multiple photon defect on radionuclide scanning. Because there is significantly high malignancy rate in thyroid nodules as our study showed, all of cases of thyroid nodules in children should be throughly investigated and treated at early stages.
Age Distribution ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Child* ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Goiter ; Goiter, Nodular ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Neck ; Palpation ; Physical Examination ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Thyroid Function Tests ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule* ; Ultrasonography

Six strains of Vibrio parahemolyticus isolated from diarrheal patients and the 12 strains from sea water were serotyped and analyzed for biochemical characteristics, antibiotics sensitivity and detection of toxR, gyrB, tdh, and trh genes. Arbitrarily-primed polymerase chain reaction method were performed on the 6 strains from patients and the following results were obtained. 1. The Vibrio parahemolyticus isolated from patients were belonged to 5 different serotypes: 04:K8, 04:KUT, 06: K18, 010:K71 and 03:K6, but those isolated from sea water were belonged to 5 different serotypes: O1:KUT, 02:KUT, 03:K45, 04:K37 and OUT:KUT. All strains explained have different serotypes depending on the different source, 2. Three serotype (04:K8, 04:KUT, 06:K18) isolated from patients were positive for the urease hydrolysis, whereas only one strain of serotype O1:KUT isolated from sea water was positive to the same. Furthermore, the serotype 06:K18 (1 strain) was positive for the fermentation of dulcito1. Both toxR and gyrB genes were detected from all strains isolated. 3. As for control the 2 strains of serotype 03:K6 and 6 strains isolated from patients, serotype 03:K6 were resistant to oxacillin, penicillin, vancomycin. All strains were sensitive to chloramphenicol and tetracycline yet the antibiogram type showed 6 groups from I to VI. 4. DNA probe hybridization method was used to detect genes. The trh1 was detected both from serotype 04:KUT and 06:K18 isolated from patients and the trh2 was also detected from one strain from each 010:K71 and O1:KUT isolated from patients and sea-water respectively, The tdh gene only was detected from two strains of 03:K6 isolated from patients of 1998. The tdh, trh 1 and trh2 were not detected from 7 strains out of 12 strains isolated from sea water whereas the production titer of TDH isolated from patients showed from 2048 times to 4096 times. 5. Four strains of the serotype 03:K6 isolated from Korea, India and Japan as well as 3 strains from Korean patients were tested by AP-PCR to classify serotypes. As for its result the amplicon showed the same in the 4 strains of the serotype 03:K6 whereas the four strains of different serotype from patients are so difference as to explain no inter- relations at all. The result explains that the serotype 03:K6 is the same genes regardless from where it is isolated.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Chloramphenicol ; DNA ; Fermentation ; Humans ; Hydrolysis ; India ; Japan ; Korea ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Oxacillin ; Penicillins ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Seawater* ; Tetracycline ; Urease ; Vancomycin ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus* ; Vibrio* ; Virulence Factors* ; Virulence*

There are evidences that occlusal splint therapy is critical to diagnose hidden skeleto-occlusal disharmonies in malocclusion patients and capable of enhancing stability after orthodontic treatment. In addition, evidences have implicated occlusal splint therapy in condylar positional changes during TMJ disorder treatment. In view of these evidences, this study was performed to investigate the effect of occlusal splint therapy on condylar positional changes in malocclusion patients and the possible clinical application of the occlusal splint as an additional orthodontic tool. For this study, 8 Angle's Class I malocclusion patients, who had centric occlusion-centric relation discrepancy within 1.0 mm and had no clinical symptoms of TMJ disorder, were selected as control group. And 22 malocclusion patients who had centric occlusion-centric relation discrepancy over 1.0mm were selected and subdivided as Class I Malocclusion group, Class II div. 1 malocclusion group, Class II div. 2 malocclusion group, Open bite group, and Mandibular asymmetry group. For each subject the occlusal splint with mutually protected type of occlusal scheme was applied for 3 months. Condylar positions in centric relation and centric occlusion were measured using Panadent articulators and Panadent condylar position indicator (CPI) before and after occlusal splint therapy. On the basis of this study, the following conclusions might be drawn: 1. In control group, Class II div. 2 malocclusion group, and mandibular assymetry group, there were no significant differences in condylar positions before and after occlusal splint therapy. 2. In Class I malocclusion group, condyles were moved 0.27 +/- 0.45 mm forward (p<0.05) and 0.98 +/- 0.25mm upward (p<0.01) after occlusal splint therapy. 3. In Class I malocclusion group, condyles were moved 0.24 +/- 0.21mm backward (p<0.05) and 1.01 +/- 0.33mm upward (p<0.01) after occlusal splint therapy. 4. In open bite group, condyles were moved 1.24 +/- 0.30 mm upward (p<0.01) after occlusal splint therapy. 5. In both control and experimental groups, there were no significant differences in lateral condylar positions before and after occlusal splint therapy.
Centric Relation ; Dental Articulators ; Humans ; Malocclusion* ; Occlusal Splints* ; Open Bite ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Nephrotic Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Echocardiography* ; Myocarditis*

To evaluate the atlantoaxial instability in children with Down syndrome, the authors analyzed the 97 children with Down syndrome attending to 2 schools for handicaped children in Pusan. The rsults of study were as follows; 1)The incidence of atlantoaxial instability in 97 individuals with Down syndrome was 8(8.3%) in neutral position and in 10(10.3%) in flexion, respectively. 2) The mean atlantoaxial gap was significantly higher in patients with Down syndrome than in the control group(P<0.05). 3) The mean atlantoaxial gaps in patients with Down stydrome according neck position was significantly higher in flexion(3.27 +/-1.08mm)than in neutral(2.63 +/-1.18)(p<0.05). 4) When mean atlantoaxial gaps of patients with Down syndrome were analyzed according to age groups, young age groups were statistically higher than old age groups in flexion position(p<0.05) but no statistically signigican differences were in neutral position. 5) The mean atlantoaxial gap of obese group was slightly higher than those of non-obese group but no statistically significant difference was noted(p<0.05).
Busan ; Child* ; Down Syndrome* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Neck

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans